Worksheet: Poverty | Economics Class 12 - Commerce PDF Download

Section 1: Fill in the Blanks 

Q1: The poverty line distinguishes between the two groups: ____________ and ____________.

Q2: ____________ is one of the types of poverty where individuals frequently move in and out of poverty.

Q3: The ____________ approach emphasizes rapid industrial development and agricultural transformation for poverty reduction.

Q4: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act guarantees ____________ days of wage employment in a year.

Q5: ____________ is the measurement of the number of poor people as a proportion of the population who fall below the poverty line.

Q6: The British Raj impoverished millions in India by ____________ natural resources and industries for the benefit of the British.

Q7: The Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana encourages people in India to open ____________.

Q8: The First Five Year Plan (1951-56) focused on ____________ and ____________ as a means to bring about economic and social change.

Q9: The concept of a poverty line was first discussed by ____________ in pre-independent India.

Q10: The ____________ Index is a poverty measurement tool developed by Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen.

Section 2: Assertion and Reason 

Q1: Assertion: The growth-oriented approach aims for rapid industrial development and agricultural transformation.
Reason: It is believed that economic growth will benefit all sections of society, including the poor.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Q2: Assertion: The Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana encourages people in India to open bank accounts.
Reason: It aims to improve financial inclusion and access to banking services.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Q3: Assertion: Poverty can be attributed to broader economic issues such as insufficient investment in capital.
Reason: Insufficient investment in capital leads to lower income and increased poverty.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Q4: Assertion: The Minimum Basic Amenities approach aims to provide supplementary consumption for the poor.
Reason: It involves public expenditure on social consumption needs such as education and health.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Q5: Assertion: Active participation from the poor is necessary for successful program implementation in poverty alleviation.
Reason: Poverty alleviation can only be achieved when the poor participate in the growth process.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Section 3: Very Short Answers

Q1: What are the two main categories for defining poverty?

Q2: Name one category of poverty based on frequent movements in and out of poverty.

Q3: What does the Head Count Ratio measure?

Q4: What is the primary aim of the growth-oriented approach in poverty reduction?

Q5: Name one program aimed at generating wage employment for unskilled individuals in rural areas.

Q6: According to the text, what does poverty stem from?

Q7: What was the main objective of the First Five Year Plan (1951-56)?

Q8: What does the Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana encourage people to do?

Q9: What was the earliest approach in the world to alleviate poverty through public expenditure?

Q10: What type of poverty has individuals who have never experienced poverty?

Section 4: Short Answers

Q1: Explain the types of poverty mentioned in the text.

Q2: Describe the growth-oriented approach in poverty reduction.

Q3: Briefly explain the employment generation approach in poverty reduction.

Q4: Discuss the Minimum Basic Amenities approach in poverty reduction.

Q5: Explain the challenges identified in the successful implementation of poverty alleviation programs.

Q6: Discuss the importance of active participation from the poor in poverty alleviation.

Q7: Describe some major programs for the upliftment of the poor mentioned in the text.

Q8: Discuss the progress and challenges in poverty alleviation in India as per the text.

Section 5: Long Answers

Q1: Discuss the historical background and development of the poverty line concept in India.

Q2: Analyze the causes of poverty in India as outlined in the text.

Q3: Evaluate the policies and programs for poverty alleviation in India.

Q4: Discuss the progress and challenges in poverty alleviation in India according to the text.