Worksheet Solutions: Components of Food - Science Class 6

Q1. Fill in the Blanks:
(i) ______ and ______ mainly provide energy to our body.
(ii) A ______ can prevent deficiency disease.
(iii) Too much fat in the diet may lead to ______.
(iv) ______ helps our body to absorb nutrients from food.
(v) ______ gets easily destroyed by heat during cooking.
(vi) ______ helps in clotting of blood.
(vii) Deficiency of Vitamin D causes ______.
(viii) Deficiency of Vitamin C causes ______.
(ix) ______ makes up about 70% of our body weight.
(x) Cooking in too much water destroys ______ in food.

(i) Carbohydrates, fats
(ii) Balanced diet
(iii) Obesity
(iv) Water
(v) Vitamin C
(vi) Vitamin K
(vii) Rickets
(viii) Scurvy
(ix) Water
(x) Nutrients

Q2. State True or False:
(i) Milk does not provide dietary fiber.
(ii) Fats provide less energy as compared to the same amount of carbohydrates.
(iii) Lack of nutrients in our diet over a long period causes deficiency diseases.
(iv) Rice and potato are rich in protein.
(v) Egg is a rich source of protein, phosphorous, and vitamin D.
(vi) Peas, gram, soya beans, and cottage cheese are good sources of proteins.
(vii) A food item may contain more than one nutrient.

(i) True
(ii) False
(iii) True
(iv) False
(v) True
(vi) True
(vii) True

Q3. Which vitamin is not present in milk?

Vitamin C

Food Products containing Vitamin C

Q4. Write the deficiency disease that causes bleeding gums.

Scurvy

Q5. Write the deficiency disease that is caused by the deficiency of iron in the diet.

Anaemia

Q6. What is the vitamin that represents a group of other vitamins?

Vitamin B complex.

Q7. What is obesity?

Obesity is the condition of excess body weight due to the accumulation of fat in the body.

Q8. Why do we need carbohydrates in our diet? 

We need carbohydrates in our diet as it provides energy to the body.

Q9. Why do children need more protein in their diet?

Proteins are needed for the growth and repair of our body. So, children need more protein to support their growth and development of the body.

Source of Proteins

Q10. Dia prepared ladyfingers that taste yummy. She washed the ladyfinger after she cut them into small pieces and then fried them in excess oil with lots of spices to make them crunchy and tasty. Was her method of cooking correct?

No, her method of cooking would result in the loss of nutrients. She should have washed the ladyfingers before cutting and should have cooked in less oil.

Q11. What is night blindness? Write its symptoms.

Night blindness causes difficulty in vision. The person suffering from night blindness cannot see clearly in dim lights.

Q12. A child has stunted growth, swelling on the face, discolouration of hair and skin disease. He was advised to eat a protein-rich diet. Name the disease, the child is suffering from? 

Kwashiorkor

Symptoms of Kwashiorkor

Q13. How can we test the presence of fat in food items?

Rub a small quantity of food item on a piece of white paper. Oily patch on the piece of white paper indicates that the food items contain fat.

Q14. How diseases are caused?

The main causes of diseases are:

• Germs
• Lack of specific nutrients in the diet.
• Contact with the sick person.

Q15. Write the steps to test the presence of protein in a food item.

Steps are:

• Make a paste or powder of the food item to be tested.
• Put some of these in a test tube and add 10 drops of water to it. Shake the test tube.
• Add 2 drops of a solution of copper sulphate and 10 drops of a solution of caustic soda to the test tube.
• Shake the test tube and observe the colour. A violet colour indicates the presence of proteins in the food item.

Q16. What is a balanced diet? Is it the same for everyone?

A balanced diet is a diet that consists of a variety of different types of food which provides all the nutrients in an adequate amount for the proper functioning of the body. A balanced diet is not same for everyone as it depends on the age, gender and occupation of a person.

Q17. How can we cure anaemia?

To treat anaemia we should eat iron-rich food such as red meat, beans, dark green leafy vegetables (such as spinach), raisins, apple, tomatoes, plums, bananas, lemons, grapes, figs, carrots etc.
Anaemia: Reduced Red Blood Cells

Q18. On adding 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution in a food item, it turns blue-black. What does it indicate?

It indicates that it contains starch.

Q19. Why sunlight is important for our health?

Sunlight helps our body to make vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for bones blood cells and the immune system hence sunlight exposure is essential for our health.

Q.20. Differentiate between Marasmus and Kwashiorkor.

Q21. What is obesity?

When a person eats too much fat-containing food, then the fat gets deposited in his body and he may end up suffering from a condition called obesity.