Globes and Maps - 1 Class 5 Worksheet SST

Q1: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

(a) lines
(b) signs
(c)  directions
(d) none of these
Ans: (c)
North, east, south, and west are the four cardinal directions, often marked by the initials N, E, S, and W. East and west are at right angles to north and south. East is in the clockwise direction of rotation from north. West is directly opposite east.

(ii) The South Pole is
(a) 90° S
(b) 90° N
(c) 0° N
(d) none of these
Ans: (a)
The Equator is the line of 0 degrees latitude. Each parallel measures one degree north or south of the Equator, with 90 degrees north of the Equator and 90 degrees south of the Equator. The latitude of the North Pole is 90 degrees N, and the latitude of the South Pole is 90 degrees S.

(iii) The total number of meridians is
(a) 180
(b) 360
(c) 90
(d) none of these
Ans: (b)
The western most longitude is 180W and the eastern most longitude is 180E; incidentally, 180W and 180E are the same longitudes. This is called the 180th meridian and also the international date line. Therefore, the total number of latitudes is 180; and the total number of longitudes are 360.

(iv) North-east lies between
(a) South and East
(b) North and West
(c)  North and East
(d) none of these
Ans: (c)
Northeast (NE), 45°, halfway between north and east.

(v) The Tropic of Cancer is located at
(a) 23½°  S
(b) 23½° N
(c) 25½°  W
(d) none of these
Ans: (b)
The Tropic of Cancer lies at (23.4394 degrees) north of the Equator and marks the most northerly latitude at which the sun can appear directly overhead at noon.

Q2: Fill in the blanks

(ii) An _______ is an imaginary line on which the earth rotates.
Ans: An axis is an imaginary line on which the earth rotates.

(iii) Including the Equator there are __________ latitudes.
Ans: Including the Equator there are 181 latitudes.

(d) Signs, symbols and colours are called __________ of the map.
Ans: Signs, symbols and colours are called conventional of the map.

(iv) The imaginary lines drawn parallel to the Equator are known as parallels of _________. 
Ans: The imaginary lines drawn parallel to the Equator are known as parallels of Latitudes.

EduRev Tips:

• The main limitations of a globe are as follows:
  - It is difficult to carry.
  - The space on it is limited and large-scale details cannot be shown on it.
  - It cannot be made for a part of the Earth.
  - Details of geographic features cannot be properly shown on it.
• The equator is an imaginary line drawn right around Earth's middle, like a belt. It divides Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. 
• There are 90 latitudes to the north of the equator and 90 latitudes to the south of the equator. Counting the equator there are 90+90+1=181 latitudes.
• The signs and symbols used in a map are called Conventional symbols.
• The imaginary lines circling the globe in an east-west direction are called the lines of latitude (or parallels, as they are parallel to the equator).

Q3: Match the following

Ans:

• Globe - Model of earth
  A globe is a spherical model of Earth, of some other celestial body, or of the celestial sphere.
• Map - representation of earth on flat surface.
  A map is a symbolic representation of selected characteristics of a place, usually drawn on a flat surface.
• Atlas - a book of maps
  An atlas is a book or collection of maps. Many atlases also contain facts and history about certain places.
• Equator - 0 degree
  The Equator is the invisible line that runs around the center of the Earth at 0 degrees latitude.
• Prime meridian - greenwich 
  The prime meridian is a geographical reference line that passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, in London, England. 

Q4: True & False

(ii) The Tropic of Capricorn is in the Southern Hemisphere.
Ans: True

(iii) Latitudes run parallel to each other.
Ans: True

(iv) The Equator is located on 66½° N latitude.
Ans: False

(v) Longitudes are 360 in number.
Ans: Ture

EduRev Tips:

• Meridian is an imaginary semicircle that runs in the north-south direction and joins the two poles. All meridians are of the same length and meet at the poles.
• The Tropic of Capricorn lies at (23.4394 degrees) south of the Equator and marks the most southerly latitude at which the sun can appear directly overhead at noon.
• Circles of latitude are often called parallels because they are parallel to each other; that is, planes that contain any of these circles never intersect each other.
• The Equator is the invisible line that runs around the center of the Earth at 0 degrees latitude
• Total number of longitudes is 360. Out of 179 western longitudes, 179 eastern longitudes, 1 GMT line, and 1 (0°) longitude line, the total number of longitudes is 360. The 180 ° longitude line is sometimes called the International Date Line. To determine the difference, duration of days and nights, time and weather of a place, we use latitudes. Whereas longitudes, relative to Greenwich Mean Time, help to identify the exact time of a place.

Q5: Give one word answer to the following

(ii) What is the shape of the earth?
Ans: The Earth is an irregularly shaped ellipsoid. While the Earth appears to be round when viewed from the vantage point of space, it is actually closer to an ellipsoid.

(iii) What is the ratio between the distance on the ground and the distance of the map known as?
Ans: Map scale refers to the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground.

(iv) What is the model of an earth called?
Ans: Maps and globes are models of the Earth's surface. Globes are the most accurate representations because they are spherical like the Earth. We cannot see the Earth all of it at once as it is so large. So, globe helps us to see what the whole Earth looks like. A globe is better representation of earth in comparison to a flat map.

Q6: Short answer type questions

(ii) Which are the important latitudes?
Ans: The five major circles of latitude are, starting from the North Pole and finishing at the South Pole; the Arctic Circle, the Tropic of Cancer, the Equator, the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle.

(iii) What is the main feature of a map?
Ans: Some common features of maps include scale, symbols, and grids. All maps are scale models of reality. A map's scale indicates the relationship between the distances on the map and the actual distances on Earth.

Q7: Long answer type questions

• A globe cannot give the correct idea of the distances between two places.
• A globe is too small to get the actual size of an area.
• The types of terrain and landscape of a place cannot really be figured on a globe

(ii) What do you mean by Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere?
Ans: It runs east and west around Earth's middle. Places north of the equator are part of the Northern Hemisphere. Places south of the equator are in the Southern Hemisphere. The Northern Hemisphere includes North America, Central America, Europe, and mainland Asia.

(iii) Write short notes on:
(a) Longitude
Ans: Longitude is the measurement east or west of the prime meridian. Longitude is measured by imaginary lines that run around the Earth vertically (up and down) and meet at the North and South Poles. These lines are known as meridians.

(b) Eastern and Western Hemispheres
Ans: The Western Hemisphere is a geographical term for the half of Earth which lies west of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and east of the antimeridian. The other half is called the Eastern Hemisphere.

(c) International Date Line
Ans: The International Date Line, established in 1884, passes through the mid-Pacific Ocean and roughly follows a 180 degrees longitude north-south line on the Earth. It is located halfway round the world from the prime meridian—the zero degrees longitude established in Greenwich, England.