Earth and its Natural Satellites - 2 Class 5 Worksheet Science

Q1: Define the following.

• Space: Space refers to the vast and seemingly infinite expanse that exists beyond Earth's atmosphere. It is the region where celestial objects such as planets, stars, galaxies, and other cosmic entities exist.
• Satellite: A satellite is an object that orbits around a larger celestial body, such as a planet or a star. Natural satellites are celestial bodies that occur naturally, like the Moon, while artificial satellites are human-made objects launched into space for various purposes, such as communication, weather monitoring, navigation, etc.
• Eclipse: An eclipse occurs when one celestial body comes between two others, causing one of the bodies to be obscured or blocked from view. In the context of Earth and its natural satellites, there are two types of eclipses: solar eclipse (when the Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking the Sun's light) and lunar eclipse (when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, casting a shadow on the Moon).
• Tides: Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun on Earth's oceans. The gravitational pull of the Moon causes tidal bulges, resulting in high tides and low tides as the Earth rotates.
• Artificial Satellite: An artificial satellite is a human-made object intentionally placed into orbit around Earth or other celestial bodies. These satellites serve various purposes, including communication, Earth observation, scientific research, and navigation.

Q2: Name the Following.

(ii) India’s first unmanned spacecraft to moon.
Ans: Chandrayaan-1.

(ii) The surface of the moon is covered with _______, __________ and huge ______.
Ans: The surface of the moon is covered with rocks, dust, and huge craters.

(iv) The first astronaut who stepped on moon.
Ans: Neil Armstrong.

(v) A person who goes to space.
Ans: Astronaut or Cosmonaut (Russian term).

(vi) First man to go to space.
Ans: Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet astronaut, was the first man to travel to space.

(vii) Four artificial satellites launched by India.
Ans:

• INSAT series (e.g., INSAT-4A, INSAT-4B, etc.) for communication and broadcasting.
• IRS series (e.g., IRS-1A, IRS-1B, etc.) for earth observation and remote sensing.
• NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) for satellite-based navigation.

(viii) Name Indian’s who have travelled to space.
Ans: Rakesh Sharma (aboard Soyuz T-11 in 1984) and Kalpana Chawla

(ix) Satellites which take picture of the movement of clouds and help us forecast the weather.
Ans: Satellites that take pictures of cloud movement and help forecast the weather are weather satellites.

Q3: Fill in the Blanks.

(ii) _________ was the first satellite launched by India in 1975.
Ans: Aryabhata 

(iii) Satellites which send messages from one country to another are called _________ satellites.
Ans: communication 

(iv) High tides are caused by attraction between _____ and _________.
Ans: Moon and Earth

(v) Zhai Zhigang of china remained suspended in space for about _____ minutes.
Ans: 13 minutes

(vi) The craters on the surface of the moon are formed by pieces of rocks _____.
Ans: colliding

(vii) The moon is about _______ km away from the earth.
Ans: 384,400

(viii) Different shapes of the moon are called its _________.
Ans: phases

Q4: True or False.

(i) The celestial bodies form a part of earth’s atmosphere.
Ans: False
The celestial bodies do not form a part of Earth's atmosphere. Celestial bodies include all objects in space, such as stars, planets, moons, asteroids, etc.

(ii) Saturn is seventh planet in our solar system.
Ans: False
Saturn is the sixth planet in our solar system, not the seventh.

(iii) Continents and oceans are present in the mantle.
Ans: False
Continents and oceans are part of Earth's crust and not present in the mantle.

(iv) Factors such as air, food, water etc which are essential for life are present in the crust.
Ans: True
The essential factors for life like air, food, and water are present in the Earth's crust.

(v) Lower part of the mantle is made up of solid rocks.
Ans: False
The lower part of the mantle is made up of partially molten rocks, not solid rocks.

(vi) A day on Mercury is as long as almost two months on the Earth.
Ans: True
A day on Mercury is incredibly long compared to Earth's day. It takes about 176 Earth days for Mercury to complete one rotation on its axis.

(vii) Uranus has more than 60 natural satellites.
Ans: False
Uranus has 27 known natural satellites as of my last update.

(viii) Neptune has one natural satellite.
Ans: True
Neptune has one large natural satellite called Triton.

Q5: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).

(i) The reason behind the different phases of the Moon is:
(a) Rotation of the Moon about its own axis
(b) Revolution of the Moon around the Earth
(c) Revolution of earth around the sun
Ans: (b)
The different phases of the Moon are caused by the changing positions of the Moon relative to the Earth and the Sun as the Moon orbits the Earth. As the Moon revolves around the Earth, different portions of its illuminated side become visible to us on Earth, leading to the various phases like full moon, new moon, crescent moon, etc.

(ii) Apollo 11 was launched from ____ at Florida, USA on:
(a) Kentville Space Center, 1969
(b) Kennedy Shuttle Center, 1968
(c) Kennedy Space Center, 1969
Ans: (c)
Apollo 11 was the historic mission that landed the first humans on the Moon. It was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, USA, on July 16, 1969.

(iii) The man-made object that revolves around the Earth is known as:
(a) Artificial satellite
(b) Natural satellite
(c) Space shuttle
Ans: (a)
An artificial satellite is a human-made object that is placed into orbit around the Earth. These satellites are used for various purposes, such as communication, weather monitoring, scientific research, and navigation.

(iv) What do you mean by Lunar Eclipse?
(a) The Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth and blocks the sunlight from reaching the Earth
(b) The Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon and blocks the sunlight from reaching the Moon
(c) The sun comes between the earth and the sun
Ans: (b)
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, causing the Earth's shadow to fall on the Moon's surface. This blocks the sunlight from reaching the Moon, resulting in a darkening of the Moon during the eclipse.

(v) NASA stands for:
(a) National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(b) National Aerodynamics and Space Administration
(c) National Aerodynamics and Shuttle Administration
Ans: (a)
NASA stands for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. It is the United States government agency responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research.