Yadadri Bhuvanagiri (యాదాద్రి భువనగిరి) | Telangana State PSC (TSPSC): Preparation Course - TSPSC (Telangana) PDF Download

History

• Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district is situated in the Indian state of Telangana with its administrative headquarters in Bhongir. Formerly a part of the Nalgonda district, it underwent district reorganization in the state.
• The historical significance of Bhuvanagiri District is rooted in its fort, constructed on an isolated rock. Legend has it that the fort was commissioned by the western Chalukya ruler Tribuvanamalla Vikramaditya VI, after whom it was named Tribhuvanagiri, later evolving into Bhuvanagiri and Bhongir.
• Noteworthy rulers associated with the fort include the Kakatiya queen Rudramadevi and her Grandson Prataparudhra. The town achieved city Municipality status in 1910, followed by Municipality status in 1952.
• Bhongir, a rapidly expanding town spreading across 31.12 sq. km, stands 67 km away from Nalgonda District Headquarters and 48 km from the state capital, Hyderabad.

Places of Interest

• Yadagirigutta is a town in Nalgonda district in the Indian state of Telangana.
• In Tretayugam, there was a sage named Yadarishi, son of the sage Rishyasrunga and Santa Devi. He meditated inside a cave with the blessings of Hanuman on a hill between Bhongir (Bhuvanagiri) and Raigiri in Nalgonda district, Telangana, India. Lord Narasimha, an incarnation of Vishnu, appeared before him in five forms as Sri JwalaNarasimha, Sri Yogananda, Sri Gandabherunda, Sri Ugra, and Sri Lakshminarasimha as a result of his deep devotion. These forms are worshipped in the temple and are known as Pancha Narasimha Kshetram.
• There are popular accounts of this shrine in Puranas and traditions. The Skanda Purana mentions the temple's origin. At the top of the temple's sikharam is the golden Sudarshana Chakra of Lord Vishnu, which is a significant symbol of the temple. Legend has it that the chakra used to guide devotees towards the temple. Another story tells of how Lord Narayana directed Yada to a holy spot where he appeared as Sri LakshmiNarasimha.

Story of Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Temple

• After Yadarishi achieved moksha, several tribal individuals, upon hearing about the Lord's presence, came to worship Him at this temple. However, lacking in knowledge, these devotees began improper worship practices. As a result, Sri Lakshmi Narasimha relocated to the hills.
• The tribal community searched extensively over many years but could not find their Lord. After a considerable period, the Lord appeared in a devout lady's dream from the tribe. In her dream, the Lord directed her to a vast cavern where He manifested Himself in five majestic Avatars.
• The temple follows the Pancharatra Agamam for Aradhanam and Puja. The Puja procedures were established by Late Sri Vangeepuram Narasimhacharyulu, who authored Yadagiri Suprabhatam, Prapatti, Stotram, Mangalashasanam, and served as the Sthanacharya of this temple.

Bhongir Fort

• History and Construction: Bhongir Fort, originally constructed by Tribuvanamalla Vikramaditya, a Chalukya king, dates back to the 12th century. It was meticulously designed to safeguard the kingdom, covering a sprawling 40-acre area situated on a hill about 500 meters above ground level.
• Architectural Features: The fort's distinctive oval shape and dual entrance points make it a standout attraction for visitors. Surrounding the fort are extensive moats that were strategically placed to enhance its security and make it virtually impregnable.
• Internal Structure: Within the fort, one can explore a network of underground chambers, long corridors with hidden passages, trap doors, a concealed armory for storing weapons, and even a stable dedicated to housing horses.
• Water Management: To cater to water requirements, the upper levels of the fort feature two ponds and several deep wells, ensuring a sustainable water supply for the inhabitants.
• Access to the Summit: Ascending to the fort's pinnacle can be achieved via a dimly lit stairway or by navigating a winding, steep track, offering an adventurous journey to reach the summit.

Kolanpaka

• The Kolanupaka Temple, situated in the village of Kolanupaka within the Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district of Telangana, India, is a revered Jain shrine. Within its premises, it houses three idols representing Lord Rishabha, Lord Neminath, and Lord Mahaveer. Located approximately 77 km from Hyderabad along the Hyderabad-Warangal Highway, the temple boasts a rich history spanning over two thousand years, with its current form dating back over eight hundred years. 
• Jainism is believed to have had a significant presence in Telangana prior to the 4th century, and Kolanupaka emerged as a prominent Jain center early on. The temple's main idol, Lord Adinath, also known as Manikya Deva locally, is flanked by eight idols of other Tirthankars. Notably, the statue of Lord Mahaveer, sculpted from a single piece of jade, stands at a height of 130 centimeters. Adjacent to the main temple, idols of Lord Simandar Swami and Mata Padmavati are also enshrined. Kulpakji holds considerable importance as a pilgrimage destination for Svetambara Jains in South India. 
• Additionally, the renowned Someshwara Temple, established by the Chalukyas around 800 years ago, is another notable site nearby. The name "Kolanupaka" is derived from "Kolanu," meaning lake, and "Paka," meaning hut, signifying the presence of numerous lakes and huts in the area.

Tourist Places

Sri Matsyagiri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple

• Devotees consider this temple to be the hill on which Vishnu is worshiped in the form of a fish. During the festivals, the entire hill region is filled with devotees. The temple is located amidst cascading waterfalls in the lap of nature.
• Devotees worship Lord Lakshminarasimha on Matsya Giri Hill in the village of Venkatapuram, Valigonda Mandal.
• Formerly known as Vyomulu, the sages climbed Matsya Giri hill in search of a quiet place away from traffic to begin their penance. Ugranarasimha, who killed Hiranyakashapa while evil spirits were interfering with their penance, is said to frequent this calm area. The sages prayed to Lord Narsimha to protect them from evil spirits.
• Swami graciously answered their prayers and provided guidance against evil influences. Amidst the clamor, the deity displayed three faces and three knots, symbolizing the defeat of all malevolent spirits.
• Transforming into the form of Salagrama, Swami filled the pits with sanctified water streaming from his feet. Thus, Anjaneya Swami was enthroned as the guardian of the land, initiating worship rituals.
• Prior to the Abhishek Puja Tirtha, pilgrims visit the pool to witness Swami's Matsyavataram manifestation as a fish, also known as Vemulakonda.

Vishnu namalu for fish

• Gundam, a natural formation situated atop a hill at an elevation of three thousand feet above sea level, is constantly surrounded by water. The source of this water remains a mystery to all.
• Within the pond, there exists a unique species of fish, all identical in size—approximately half a meter long. These small dolphins, known as Vishnu fish due to the Vishnu nama-like mustache on their heads, inhabit the canyons of gundams such as Namala Gundam, Vishnugundam, and Malagundam complexes. When the water level rises, the three domes converge to create a crescent-shaped arch, later reappearing as a single dome.
• Adjacent to this natural formation lies the temple of Swami. Positioned at the center of the crescent-shaped gundam is the western bank of the water.

There is a six feet fish statue

• The statue, measuring six feet, depicts a fish.
• It is positioned in a manner suggesting a rotation from northeast to southwest, with a noticeable incline when viewed from the flipped side. The fish's face is directed towards the east, giving the impression of floating when the water level in the gundam rises.

Pushkarini Avirbhavam

• The Pushkarini Gundam originates from water flowing from the Sannidhi of Srimatsyagiri Lakshminarasimhaswamy.
• It is divided into three parts, with devotees attributing names like Brahma, Vishnu, Maheshwara, Lakshmi, Parvati, Saraswati, Trinetra, and others to represent the elements that contributed to its creation and rhythm.
• Believers maintain that the water in this sacred pond is perpetually brimming with pots, a testament to the divine glory. The fish-shaped manifestation of the Lord, adorned with Srivaishnava names, is said to be present within this Pushkarini.

Abhaya Tree

• The mango tree within the temple premises is named Abhayavrikshamani. Infertile individuals perform bathing rituals in the Pushkarini nearby and worship the deity. 
• Devotees strongly believe that praying and offering a peeled coconut from the tree will bless them with children. The temple experiences a surge in activity during the months of Shravan, Bhadrapada, and Kartika, especially on Saturdays and Sundays. 
• The hill station witnesses increased footfall during Panchami, Saptami, and Dasami Tithi, particularly during the five-day Swamivari Brahmotsavas held annually from Jyeshthashuddha Triodashi to Bahula Vidiya. Thiruppavai festivals are observed during the month of Dhanurmasa, while Sri Satyanarayana Swamy vratas are also performed. 
• Locals believe that staying on this hill brings peace, wards off diseases, and alleviates fears of demons. They also regard the water in the Pushkarini as sacred, believing that consuming it can cure illnesses and enhance crop yields when sprinkled on fields.

How to Reach

• By Air: The nearest airport to Venkatapuram is the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (HYD).
• By Train: The closest railway station is Valigonda, situated 17 km away from Venkatapuram.
• By Road: Vemulakonda enjoys good connectivity via roadways, particularly in close proximity to NH163. Regular bus services are accessible from Bhuvanagiri, Nalgonda, and Warangal as well.

Yadagirigutta

• Yadagirigutta is a special destination known for its serene climate throughout the year. It attracts an average of five to eight thousand visitors daily, who come for various purposes like worship, weddings, and rituals. The town experiences a significant surge in population during weekends, holidays, and festivals.
• According to ancient Hindu scriptures, a sage named Yadarshi, the son of the renowned sage Sri Rishyasringa Maharshi and Santa Devi, meditated in a cave under the watchful eyes of Sri Anjaneya Swami. Impressed by his devotion, Sri Narasimha Swami appeared before him. The deity revealed himself in five diverse forms - Sri Jwala Narasimha, Sri Gandabherunda, Sri Yogananda, Sri Ugra, and Sri Lakshminarasimha. This divine manifestation led to the temple being revered as the Pancharama Narasimha Kshetra. The Sudarshan Chakra serves as a guiding symbol for devotees heading towards the temple.
• In the 15th century, the illustrious king of Vijayanagara, Sri Krishnadevaraya, mentioned in his memoirs the significance of the temple in his life. Before embarking on any military campaign, he would seek the Lord's blessings at this temple for victory. Yadagirigutta is well-connected to the capital and nearby towns via the Ghat Road, making it easily accessible to pilgrims and tourists. The temple stands out as a prominent religious site in the Telangana region.

How to Reach

• By Air: The nearest Airport is Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (HYD)
• By Train: The nearest Railway station is Rayagiri (RAG)
• By Road: Yadagirigutta is well connected by roadways. It is very near to NH163. Frequent bus facility is available from Hyderabad, Nalgonda, Hanmakonda, and Warangal too.

Bhuvanagiri Fort 

• The Bhuvanagiri Fort is a significant historical site in Telangana, reflecting the region's rich past through its various structures. It has stood for around 3000 years, witnessing numerous battles and events. Telangana became a separate state following the partition of Andhra Pradesh. 
• Visitors to Telangana are drawn to attractions like Hussain Sagar and Birla Mandir in Hyderabad, along with historic landmarks such as Charminar and Golconda Fort, not only in Hyderabad but also across Telangana. Bhuvanagiri Fort holds a prominent position in the Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district.

 History of Bhuvanagiri Fort 

• In folklore, there are numerous tales surrounding the cities of Bhuvanagiri Durgam and Bhuvanagiri. According to one legend, King Rajayagiri of the Chalukya dynasty was in search of a suitable location for a fort when he came across Mallanna Gutta, a mountain of remarkable beauty. Impressed by its scenic allure, King Rajagiri constructed a fort atop the hill, which he named after himself. However, when he sought to reward Bonaiyah, who had guided him to this splendid site, the latter declined any material gifts and instead requested that the fort be named after him and his wife, Giramma. It is said that the city founded by the king in honor of their names is what we now know as Bhuvanagiri. Despite its popularity in folklore, there is no historical evidence to support this narrative.
• Historians suggest that Bhuvanagiri Durgam was constructed over three thousand years ago, and throughout history, it has been ruled by various dynasties that governed Telangana. Archaeologists have uncovered evidence of human settlements predating the Bhuvanagiri Fort, including medieval artifacts such as burrows, arrows, stone axes, swords, and tombs. Traces of habitation from the Neolithic age have also been discovered in the area.
• Over time, Bhuvanagiri Fort came under the dominion of the Qutub Shahi dynasty, and later, during the Mughal invasion of Golconda in 1687, it fell into Mughal hands. Sarvai Pandu, born into a common Kalu Geetha family in Telangana, seized control of Bhuvanagiri after winning the Orugal in 1708. Prior to his conquest of Golconda, Pandu allegedly concealed his vast treasures within the Kalika Mata temple nestled within the hill's interior. Many caves and tunnels in the hill remain undiscovered to this day, with historians claiming the discovery of coins dating back to the Vishnu Kundi period within the vicinity.

Bhuvanagiri Fort Features

• The Bhuvanagiri Fort stands as an ancient monument erected upon a monolithic rock fortress, located approximately 47 km from Hyderabad. Rising to a height of 610 meters, it ranks as the tallest mountain in Telangana. Shaped like an oval monolith, the mountain resembles a tortoise when viewed from the south and a reclining elephant from the west. Positioned within the Anantagiri line of the Balaghat lines, the Bhuvanagiri Fort is believed to have been constructed during the reign of Mugla Vikramaditya, a ruler of the 6th branch of the Western Chalukya dynasty. Its name, Bhuvanagiri Fort, is derived from Mugla Vikramaditya and historians assert its significance during the Kakatiya period.
• The hill features passageways leading southward and southeastward, with the current route commencing from the southwest. The fort's entrance, adorned with steel gates, is said to have been constructed at the expense of the Nizam. Resembling the Fateh Darwaza, the primary gate of the Balahisar within the Golconda Fort, this entrance reflects Islamic architectural influences, characterized by towering walls and spacious chambers.
• Within the inner courtyards of the fort lie horseshoe structures, granaries, and military barracks. Fascinating secret passageways are rumored to exist beneath the Rajaprasadas, with their destinations remaining a mystery to this day. Additionally, the vicinity boasts numerous stone sculptures featuring palaces, floral motifs, and Kakatiya-style depictions of the Chalukyas. Perched atop the Bhuvanagiri hill are various religious sites, including a Shiva temple, a statue of the black Nandi, the Someshwara and Bammadevara temples, and a monastery nestled beneath the hill. While some temples on the hill have fallen into ruins over time, remnants of their grandeur still linger amidst the rugged valleys.

How to Reach

• By Air: The closest airport is Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (HYD).
• By Train: The nearest railway station is Bhongir (BG).
• By Road: Bhuvanagiri is well linked by roadways and is very near to NH163. There are frequent bus services available from Hyderabad, Nalgonda, Hanmakonda, and Warangal as well.

Surendrapuri

• The Surendrapuri Hanumadeswarar Temple near Yadagirigutta is a recommended visit. The Kunda Satyanarayana Kaladhamaya is a Hindu temple showcasing art exhibitions. It's a unique experience for tourists, offering a world-class Hindu Dharma display. The location features legendary Indian significance, with sculptures and models of ancient temples adorned with intricate designs, captivating onlookers. The depictions include Brahmanaloka, Vishnu-loka, Kailasam, Heavenly heaven, Inferno, Padmadeepam, and Padmaloka, presenting numerous forms of deities in Padma form.
• The depictions from the epics of Mahabharata and Bhagavatam are striking. Visitors can witness the Vishnu statue in Kurmavatara, along with scenes of gods and goddesses on Mount Mandara. The scenes of Gajendra's nirvana are particularly awe-inspiring. A 36-foot idol of Lord Krishna amidst an army prepared for battle, with Arjuna reverently bowing to Him, is a notable sight. The idol of Lord Krishna dancing on the slopes of Kali is a delightful spectacle for visitors, depicting various narratives such as Govardhana, Gopika's attire, and demonic destruction.
• The temple features a massive statue of Lord Shiva, with another idol of Lord Shiva visible behind it. The entrance, resembling a lion's mouth, leading to this remarkable structure is truly impressive. This temple serves as a prototype for several major temples across the country. Visitors should not miss exploring the Mirror Mandap within the temple premises and the Shiva Temple situated atop the hill, both of which are remarkable attractions. Plan to spend approximately two hours to fully experience the site.

How to Reach:

•  By Air: The nearest airport serving Surendrapuri is the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (HYD).
• By Train: The closest railway station to Surendrapuri is Raigir (RAG).
• By Road: Opting for road transport is advisable, especially through the National Highway, as Surendrapuri is conveniently close to Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana. The travel time from Hyderabad is approximately 2 hours, with frequent bus services available from surrounding major towns.