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1. What is chemical bonding?
Ans. Chemical bonding refers to the process by which atoms are held together in a compound. It involves the sharing, transferring, or rearranging of electrons between atoms to achieve a more stable configuration. Chemical bonding plays a crucial role in determining the properties and behavior of substances.
2. What are the types of chemical bonding?
Ans. There are three main types of chemical bonding: ionic bonding, covalent bonding, and metallic bonding. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between atoms, resulting in the formation of ions. Covalent bonding occurs when atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Metallic bonding is observed in metals, where the valence electrons are delocalized and form a "sea" of electrons.
3. How does ionic bonding occur?
Ans. Ionic bonding occurs between a metal and a non-metal. It involves the transfer of electrons from the metal to the non-metal, resulting in the formation of positively charged metal ions and negatively charged non-metal ions. These ions are then attracted to each other by electrostatic forces, forming an ionic compound.
4. What is a covalent bond?
Ans. A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond formed when two non-metal atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. In a covalent bond, the shared electrons are localized between the two atoms, creating a strong bond. Covalent bonding is commonly observed in molecules and compounds composed of non-metals.
5. How does metallic bonding occur?
Ans. Metallic bonding occurs between metal atoms. In a metallic bond, the valence electrons of metal atoms are delocalized and form a "sea" of electrons that surround the positively charged metal ions. This delocalization allows the electrons to move freely throughout the metal, creating a strong bond. Metallic bonding is responsible for the high electrical conductivity, malleability, and ductility of metals.
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