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Coal - Coal and Petroleum, Class 8 Science Video Lecture

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1. What is the difference between coal and petroleum?

Ans. Coal and petroleum are both fossil fuels, but they differ in their formation and composition. Coal is formed from the remains of plants that lived and died millions of years ago. It is mainly composed of carbon and has a solid form. On the other hand, petroleum is formed from the remains of marine organisms, such as algae and plankton, that were buried and subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years. It is primarily composed of hydrocarbons and exists in a liquid form.

2. How is coal formed?

Ans. Coal is formed through a process called coalification. It begins with the accumulation of plant debris in swamps and marshes. Over time, the plant material gets buried under layers of sediment. As more and more layers accumulate, the pressure and temperature increase, causing the plant material to undergo physical and chemical changes. This process, known as coalification, slowly converts the plant material into peat, lignite, bituminous coal, and eventually anthracite coal.

3. What are the main uses of coal?

Ans. Coal has several important uses. It is primarily used as a fuel for electricity generation in power plants. It is also used for heating and cooking in households, especially in regions where other sources of energy are not readily available. Additionally, coal is used in industries for the production of steel, cement, and various chemicals. It is also an essential ingredient in the manufacturing of coke, which is used in the production of iron and steel.

4. How is petroleum extracted?

Ans. Petroleum is extracted from the Earth's crust through a process called oil drilling or oil extraction. It involves drilling a well into the underground reservoirs where petroleum is trapped. The drilling rig drills down to the desired depth, and then a steel pipe, known as a casing, is inserted into the well to prevent it from collapsing. Once the well is ready, specialized equipment is used to pump out the petroleum, which flows up the well to the surface. The extracted petroleum is then processed further to separate it into different components.

5. What are the environmental impacts of using coal and petroleum as energy sources?

Ans. The use of coal and petroleum as energy sources has significant environmental impacts. Both fuels release carbon dioxide (CO2) when burned, contributing to the greenhouse effect and climate change. Coal mining can also result in habitat destruction, water pollution, and the release of harmful gases and particulate matter. Similarly, petroleum extraction can lead to oil spills, which have devastating effects on marine ecosystems. Additionally, the combustion of these fuels releases other pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which contribute to air pollution and have adverse health effects.

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Coal - Coal and Petroleum, Class 8 Science for Class 82024 is part of Class 8 preparation. The notes and questions for Coal - Coal and Petroleum, Class 8 Science have been prepared according to the Class 8 exam syllabus. Information about Coal - Coal and Petroleum, Class 8 Science covers all important topics for Class 82024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Coal - Coal and Petroleum, Class 8 Science.

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