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1. What is diversity in living organisms?
Ans. Diversity in living organisms refers to the wide variety of species found on Earth. It includes all organisms, from microscopic bacteria to complex multicellular organisms like plants and animals. This diversity is a result of evolution and adaptation to different environments.
2. Why is it important to study diversity in living organisms?
Ans. Studying diversity in living organisms is important for several reasons. Firstly, it helps us understand the different forms of life and their unique characteristics. This knowledge is essential for conservation efforts, as it allows us to identify endangered species and protect their habitats. Additionally, studying diversity can provide insights into the evolution of life on Earth and help us understand our own place in the natural world.
3. How is the diversity of living organisms classified?
Ans. The diversity of living organisms is classified into various levels. The highest level is the domain, which includes three categories: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Eukarya is further divided into four kingdoms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Each kingdom is then divided into smaller groups, such as phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species.
4. What are the main factors contributing to the diversity of living organisms?
Ans. The main factors contributing to the diversity of living organisms are evolution and adaptation. Through the process of evolution, new species arise from existing ones through genetic variations and natural selection. Environmental factors, such as climate, geography, and availability of resources, also play a role in shaping the diversity of organisms by selecting for certain traits that are advantageous in specific habitats.
5. How does the diversity of living organisms benefit ecosystems?
Ans. The diversity of living organisms is crucial for the functioning and stability of ecosystems. Different species have unique roles or niches within their ecosystems, such as being primary producers, consumers, or decomposers. This interdependence ensures the flow of energy and nutrients within the ecosystem. Additionally, higher diversity can enhance ecosystem resilience, making them more resistant to disturbances like climate change or invasive species.
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