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1. What is wave optics?
Wave optics, also known as physical optics, is a branch of optics that describes the behavior of light in terms of waves. It focuses on the interaction of light with various objects, such as diffraction, interference, and polarization.
2. How does wave optics differ from geometric optics?
Wave optics differs from geometric optics in that it considers the wave nature of light, while geometric optics only focuses on the straight-line propagation of light. Wave optics takes into account phenomena such as diffraction and interference, which cannot be explained by geometric optics.
3. What is diffraction in wave optics?
Diffraction is a phenomenon that occurs when a wave encounters an obstacle or aperture and bends around it, spreading out into the region behind the obstacle or aperture. It leads to the bending of light waves and the formation of interference patterns.
4. What is interference in wave optics?
Interference is a phenomenon that occurs when two or more waves interact with each other. In wave optics, interference can result in the reinforcement or cancellation of waves, leading to the formation of bright and dark regions known as interference fringes.
5. How does wave optics explain the phenomenon of polarization?
Wave optics explains polarization as the orientation of the electric field vector of a light wave. It describes how light waves can be polarized in a specific direction by filtering out all other orientations. This phenomenon can be observed, for example, when light passes through a polarizing filter.
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