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Page 1
ns
nso
3
;gk¡ ladfyr dfoÙk&loS;ksa esa ,d vksj tgk¡ :i&lkSan;Z dk vkyadkfjd fp=k.k
ns[kus dks feyrk gS] ogha nwljh vksj izse vkSj izÑfr osQ izfr dfo osQ Hkkoksa dh
varjax vfHkO;fDRk HkhA igys loS;s esa o`Q".k osQ jktlh :i lkSan;Z dk o.kZu gS ftlesa
ml ;qx dk lkearh oSHko >ydrk gSA nwljs dfoÙk esa clar dks ckyd :i esa
fn[kkdj izo`Qfr osQ lkFk ,d jkxkRed laca/ dh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gSA rhljs dfoÙk
esa iwf.kZek dh jkr esa pk¡n&rkjksa ls Hkjs vkdk'k dh vkHkk dk o.kZu gSA pk¡nuh jkr dh
dkafr dks n'kkZus osQ fy, nso nwèk esa isQu tSls ikjn'khZ ¯cc dke esa ysrs gSa] tks mudh
dkO;&oqQ'kyrk dk ifjpk;d gSA
o dk tUe bVkok (m-iz-) esa lu~ 1673 esa gqvk FkkA
mudk iwjk uke nsonÙk f}osnh FkkA nso osQ vusd vkJ;nkrkvksa
esa vkSjaxtsc osQ iq=k vkte'kkg Hkh Fks ijarq nso dks lcls
vfèkd larks"k vkSj lEeku mudh dfork osQ xq.kxzkgh vkJ;nkrk
Hkksxhyky ls izkIr gqvkA mUgksaus mudh dfork ij jh>dj
yk[kksa dh laifÙk nku dhA muosQ dkO; xzaFkksa dh la[;k 52
ls 72 rd ekuh tkrh gSA muesa ls jlfoykl] Hkkofoykl]
dkO;jlk;u] Hkokuhfoykl vkfn nso osQ izeq[k xzaFk ekus
tkrs gSaA mudh e`R;q lu~ 1767 esa gqbZA
nso jhfrdky osQ izeq[k dfo gSaA jhfrdkyhu dfork dk
lacaèk njckjksa] vkJ;nkrkvksa ls Fkk bl dkj.k mlesa njckjh
laLÑfr dk fp=k.k vfèkd gqvk gSA nso Hkh blls vNwrs ugha
Fks ¯drq os bl izHkko ls tc&tc Hkh eqDr gq,] mUgksaus izse
vkSj lkSan;Z osQ lgt fp=k [khapsA vkyadkfjdrk vkSj Ük`axkfjdrk
muosQ dkO; dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ gaSA 'kCnksa dh vko`fÙk osQ
tfj, u;k lkSan;Z iSnk djosQ mUgksaus lqanj èofu fp=k izLrqr
fd, gSaA
2022-23
Page 2
ns
nso
3
;gk¡ ladfyr dfoÙk&loS;ksa esa ,d vksj tgk¡ :i&lkSan;Z dk vkyadkfjd fp=k.k
ns[kus dks feyrk gS] ogha nwljh vksj izse vkSj izÑfr osQ izfr dfo osQ Hkkoksa dh
varjax vfHkO;fDRk HkhA igys loS;s esa o`Q".k osQ jktlh :i lkSan;Z dk o.kZu gS ftlesa
ml ;qx dk lkearh oSHko >ydrk gSA nwljs dfoÙk esa clar dks ckyd :i esa
fn[kkdj izo`Qfr osQ lkFk ,d jkxkRed laca/ dh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gSA rhljs dfoÙk
esa iwf.kZek dh jkr esa pk¡n&rkjksa ls Hkjs vkdk'k dh vkHkk dk o.kZu gSA pk¡nuh jkr dh
dkafr dks n'kkZus osQ fy, nso nwèk esa isQu tSls ikjn'khZ ¯cc dke esa ysrs gSa] tks mudh
dkO;&oqQ'kyrk dk ifjpk;d gSA
o dk tUe bVkok (m-iz-) esa lu~ 1673 esa gqvk FkkA
mudk iwjk uke nsonÙk f}osnh FkkA nso osQ vusd vkJ;nkrkvksa
esa vkSjaxtsc osQ iq=k vkte'kkg Hkh Fks ijarq nso dks lcls
vfèkd larks"k vkSj lEeku mudh dfork osQ xq.kxzkgh vkJ;nkrk
Hkksxhyky ls izkIr gqvkA mUgksaus mudh dfork ij jh>dj
yk[kksa dh laifÙk nku dhA muosQ dkO; xzaFkksa dh la[;k 52
ls 72 rd ekuh tkrh gSA muesa ls jlfoykl] Hkkofoykl]
dkO;jlk;u] Hkokuhfoykl vkfn nso osQ izeq[k xzaFk ekus
tkrs gSaA mudh e`R;q lu~ 1767 esa gqbZA
nso jhfrdky osQ izeq[k dfo gSaA jhfrdkyhu dfork dk
lacaèk njckjksa] vkJ;nkrkvksa ls Fkk bl dkj.k mlesa njckjh
laLÑfr dk fp=k.k vfèkd gqvk gSA nso Hkh blls vNwrs ugha
Fks ¯drq os bl izHkko ls tc&tc Hkh eqDr gq,] mUgksaus izse
vkSj lkSan;Z osQ lgt fp=k [khapsA vkyadkfjdrk vkSj Ük`axkfjdrk
muosQ dkO; dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ gaSA 'kCnksa dh vko`fÙk osQ
tfj, u;k lkSan;Z iSnk djosQ mUgksaus lqanj èofu fp=k izLrqr
fd, gSaA
2022-23
f{kfrt
20
loS;k
ik¡;fu uwiqj eatq ctaS] dfV ¯oQfdfu oSQ èkqfu dh eèkqjkbZA
lk¡ojs vax ylS iV ihr] fg;s gqylS cueky lqgkbZA
ekFks fdjhV cM+s n`x papy] ean g¡lh eq[kpan tqUgkbZA
tS tx&eafnj&nhid lqanj] Jhcztnwyg ^nso* lgkbZAA
2022-23
Page 3
ns
nso
3
;gk¡ ladfyr dfoÙk&loS;ksa esa ,d vksj tgk¡ :i&lkSan;Z dk vkyadkfjd fp=k.k
ns[kus dks feyrk gS] ogha nwljh vksj izse vkSj izÑfr osQ izfr dfo osQ Hkkoksa dh
varjax vfHkO;fDRk HkhA igys loS;s esa o`Q".k osQ jktlh :i lkSan;Z dk o.kZu gS ftlesa
ml ;qx dk lkearh oSHko >ydrk gSA nwljs dfoÙk esa clar dks ckyd :i esa
fn[kkdj izo`Qfr osQ lkFk ,d jkxkRed laca/ dh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gSA rhljs dfoÙk
esa iwf.kZek dh jkr esa pk¡n&rkjksa ls Hkjs vkdk'k dh vkHkk dk o.kZu gSA pk¡nuh jkr dh
dkafr dks n'kkZus osQ fy, nso nwèk esa isQu tSls ikjn'khZ ¯cc dke esa ysrs gSa] tks mudh
dkO;&oqQ'kyrk dk ifjpk;d gSA
o dk tUe bVkok (m-iz-) esa lu~ 1673 esa gqvk FkkA
mudk iwjk uke nsonÙk f}osnh FkkA nso osQ vusd vkJ;nkrkvksa
esa vkSjaxtsc osQ iq=k vkte'kkg Hkh Fks ijarq nso dks lcls
vfèkd larks"k vkSj lEeku mudh dfork osQ xq.kxzkgh vkJ;nkrk
Hkksxhyky ls izkIr gqvkA mUgksaus mudh dfork ij jh>dj
yk[kksa dh laifÙk nku dhA muosQ dkO; xzaFkksa dh la[;k 52
ls 72 rd ekuh tkrh gSA muesa ls jlfoykl] Hkkofoykl]
dkO;jlk;u] Hkokuhfoykl vkfn nso osQ izeq[k xzaFk ekus
tkrs gSaA mudh e`R;q lu~ 1767 esa gqbZA
nso jhfrdky osQ izeq[k dfo gSaA jhfrdkyhu dfork dk
lacaèk njckjksa] vkJ;nkrkvksa ls Fkk bl dkj.k mlesa njckjh
laLÑfr dk fp=k.k vfèkd gqvk gSA nso Hkh blls vNwrs ugha
Fks ¯drq os bl izHkko ls tc&tc Hkh eqDr gq,] mUgksaus izse
vkSj lkSan;Z osQ lgt fp=k [khapsA vkyadkfjdrk vkSj Ük`axkfjdrk
muosQ dkO; dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ gaSA 'kCnksa dh vko`fÙk osQ
tfj, u;k lkSan;Z iSnk djosQ mUgksaus lqanj èofu fp=k izLrqr
fd, gSaA
2022-23
f{kfrt
20
loS;k
ik¡;fu uwiqj eatq ctaS] dfV ¯oQfdfu oSQ èkqfu dh eèkqjkbZA
lk¡ojs vax ylS iV ihr] fg;s gqylS cueky lqgkbZA
ekFks fdjhV cM+s n`x papy] ean g¡lh eq[kpan tqUgkbZA
tS tx&eafnj&nhid lqanj] Jhcztnwyg ^nso* lgkbZAA
2022-23
nso
21
dfoÙk
Mkj nzqe iyuk fcNkSuk uo iYyo osQ]
lqeu ¯>xwyk lksgS ru Nfc Hkkjh nSA
iou >wykoS] osQdh&dhj crjkoSa ^nso*]
dksfdy gykoS&gqylkoS dj rkjh nSAA
iwfjr ijkx lksa mrkjks djS jkbZ uksu]
oaQtdyh ukf;dk yrku flj lkjh nSA
enu eghi tw dks ckyd clar rkfg]
izkrfg txkor xqykc pVdkjh nSAA
2022-23
Page 4
ns
nso
3
;gk¡ ladfyr dfoÙk&loS;ksa esa ,d vksj tgk¡ :i&lkSan;Z dk vkyadkfjd fp=k.k
ns[kus dks feyrk gS] ogha nwljh vksj izse vkSj izÑfr osQ izfr dfo osQ Hkkoksa dh
varjax vfHkO;fDRk HkhA igys loS;s esa o`Q".k osQ jktlh :i lkSan;Z dk o.kZu gS ftlesa
ml ;qx dk lkearh oSHko >ydrk gSA nwljs dfoÙk esa clar dks ckyd :i esa
fn[kkdj izo`Qfr osQ lkFk ,d jkxkRed laca/ dh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gSA rhljs dfoÙk
esa iwf.kZek dh jkr esa pk¡n&rkjksa ls Hkjs vkdk'k dh vkHkk dk o.kZu gSA pk¡nuh jkr dh
dkafr dks n'kkZus osQ fy, nso nwèk esa isQu tSls ikjn'khZ ¯cc dke esa ysrs gSa] tks mudh
dkO;&oqQ'kyrk dk ifjpk;d gSA
o dk tUe bVkok (m-iz-) esa lu~ 1673 esa gqvk FkkA
mudk iwjk uke nsonÙk f}osnh FkkA nso osQ vusd vkJ;nkrkvksa
esa vkSjaxtsc osQ iq=k vkte'kkg Hkh Fks ijarq nso dks lcls
vfèkd larks"k vkSj lEeku mudh dfork osQ xq.kxzkgh vkJ;nkrk
Hkksxhyky ls izkIr gqvkA mUgksaus mudh dfork ij jh>dj
yk[kksa dh laifÙk nku dhA muosQ dkO; xzaFkksa dh la[;k 52
ls 72 rd ekuh tkrh gSA muesa ls jlfoykl] Hkkofoykl]
dkO;jlk;u] Hkokuhfoykl vkfn nso osQ izeq[k xzaFk ekus
tkrs gSaA mudh e`R;q lu~ 1767 esa gqbZA
nso jhfrdky osQ izeq[k dfo gSaA jhfrdkyhu dfork dk
lacaèk njckjksa] vkJ;nkrkvksa ls Fkk bl dkj.k mlesa njckjh
laLÑfr dk fp=k.k vfèkd gqvk gSA nso Hkh blls vNwrs ugha
Fks ¯drq os bl izHkko ls tc&tc Hkh eqDr gq,] mUgksaus izse
vkSj lkSan;Z osQ lgt fp=k [khapsA vkyadkfjdrk vkSj Ük`axkfjdrk
muosQ dkO; dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ gaSA 'kCnksa dh vko`fÙk osQ
tfj, u;k lkSan;Z iSnk djosQ mUgksaus lqanj èofu fp=k izLrqr
fd, gSaA
2022-23
f{kfrt
20
loS;k
ik¡;fu uwiqj eatq ctaS] dfV ¯oQfdfu oSQ èkqfu dh eèkqjkbZA
lk¡ojs vax ylS iV ihr] fg;s gqylS cueky lqgkbZA
ekFks fdjhV cM+s n`x papy] ean g¡lh eq[kpan tqUgkbZA
tS tx&eafnj&nhid lqanj] Jhcztnwyg ^nso* lgkbZAA
2022-23
nso
21
dfoÙk
Mkj nzqe iyuk fcNkSuk uo iYyo osQ]
lqeu ¯>xwyk lksgS ru Nfc Hkkjh nSA
iou >wykoS] osQdh&dhj crjkoSa ^nso*]
dksfdy gykoS&gqylkoS dj rkjh nSAA
iwfjr ijkx lksa mrkjks djS jkbZ uksu]
oaQtdyh ukf;dk yrku flj lkjh nSA
enu eghi tw dks ckyd clar rkfg]
izkrfg txkor xqykc pVdkjh nSAA
2022-23
f{kfrt
22
dfoÙk
iQfVd flykfu lkSa lqèkkj~;kS lqèkk eafnj]
mnfèk nfèk dks lks vfèkdkb mexs veanA
ckgj rs Hkhrj ykSa Hkhfr u fn[kS, ^nso*]
nwèk dks lks isQu iSQY;ks vk¡xu iQjlcanA
rkjk lh rjQfu rkesa Bk<+h f>yfeyh gksfr]
eksfru dh tksfr feY;ks efYydk dks edjanA
vkjlh ls vacj esa vkHkk lh mtkjh yxS]
I;kjh jkfèkdk dks izfr¯cc lks yxr panAA
2022-23
Page 5
ns
nso
3
;gk¡ ladfyr dfoÙk&loS;ksa esa ,d vksj tgk¡ :i&lkSan;Z dk vkyadkfjd fp=k.k
ns[kus dks feyrk gS] ogha nwljh vksj izse vkSj izÑfr osQ izfr dfo osQ Hkkoksa dh
varjax vfHkO;fDRk HkhA igys loS;s esa o`Q".k osQ jktlh :i lkSan;Z dk o.kZu gS ftlesa
ml ;qx dk lkearh oSHko >ydrk gSA nwljs dfoÙk esa clar dks ckyd :i esa
fn[kkdj izo`Qfr osQ lkFk ,d jkxkRed laca/ dh vfHkO;fDr gqbZ gSA rhljs dfoÙk
esa iwf.kZek dh jkr esa pk¡n&rkjksa ls Hkjs vkdk'k dh vkHkk dk o.kZu gSA pk¡nuh jkr dh
dkafr dks n'kkZus osQ fy, nso nwèk esa isQu tSls ikjn'khZ ¯cc dke esa ysrs gSa] tks mudh
dkO;&oqQ'kyrk dk ifjpk;d gSA
o dk tUe bVkok (m-iz-) esa lu~ 1673 esa gqvk FkkA
mudk iwjk uke nsonÙk f}osnh FkkA nso osQ vusd vkJ;nkrkvksa
esa vkSjaxtsc osQ iq=k vkte'kkg Hkh Fks ijarq nso dks lcls
vfèkd larks"k vkSj lEeku mudh dfork osQ xq.kxzkgh vkJ;nkrk
Hkksxhyky ls izkIr gqvkA mUgksaus mudh dfork ij jh>dj
yk[kksa dh laifÙk nku dhA muosQ dkO; xzaFkksa dh la[;k 52
ls 72 rd ekuh tkrh gSA muesa ls jlfoykl] Hkkofoykl]
dkO;jlk;u] Hkokuhfoykl vkfn nso osQ izeq[k xzaFk ekus
tkrs gSaA mudh e`R;q lu~ 1767 esa gqbZA
nso jhfrdky osQ izeq[k dfo gSaA jhfrdkyhu dfork dk
lacaèk njckjksa] vkJ;nkrkvksa ls Fkk bl dkj.k mlesa njckjh
laLÑfr dk fp=k.k vfèkd gqvk gSA nso Hkh blls vNwrs ugha
Fks ¯drq os bl izHkko ls tc&tc Hkh eqDr gq,] mUgksaus izse
vkSj lkSan;Z osQ lgt fp=k [khapsA vkyadkfjdrk vkSj Ük`axkfjdrk
muosQ dkO; dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ gaSA 'kCnksa dh vko`fÙk osQ
tfj, u;k lkSan;Z iSnk djosQ mUgksaus lqanj èofu fp=k izLrqr
fd, gSaA
2022-23
f{kfrt
20
loS;k
ik¡;fu uwiqj eatq ctaS] dfV ¯oQfdfu oSQ èkqfu dh eèkqjkbZA
lk¡ojs vax ylS iV ihr] fg;s gqylS cueky lqgkbZA
ekFks fdjhV cM+s n`x papy] ean g¡lh eq[kpan tqUgkbZA
tS tx&eafnj&nhid lqanj] Jhcztnwyg ^nso* lgkbZAA
2022-23
nso
21
dfoÙk
Mkj nzqe iyuk fcNkSuk uo iYyo osQ]
lqeu ¯>xwyk lksgS ru Nfc Hkkjh nSA
iou >wykoS] osQdh&dhj crjkoSa ^nso*]
dksfdy gykoS&gqylkoS dj rkjh nSAA
iwfjr ijkx lksa mrkjks djS jkbZ uksu]
oaQtdyh ukf;dk yrku flj lkjh nSA
enu eghi tw dks ckyd clar rkfg]
izkrfg txkor xqykc pVdkjh nSAA
2022-23
f{kfrt
22
dfoÙk
iQfVd flykfu lkSa lqèkkj~;kS lqèkk eafnj]
mnfèk nfèk dks lks vfèkdkb mexs veanA
ckgj rs Hkhrj ykSa Hkhfr u fn[kS, ^nso*]
nwèk dks lks isQu iSQY;ks vk¡xu iQjlcanA
rkjk lh rjQfu rkesa Bk<+h f>yfeyh gksfr]
eksfru dh tksfr feY;ks efYydk dks edjanA
vkjlh ls vacj esa vkHkk lh mtkjh yxS]
I;kjh jkfèkdk dks izfr¯cc lks yxr panAA
2022-23
nso
23
iz'u&vH;kl
1- dfo us ^Jhcztnwyg* fdlosQ fy, iz;qDr fd;k gS vkSj mUgsa lalkj :ih eafnj dk nhid D;ksa dgk gS\
2- igys loS;s esa ls mu iafDr;ksa dks Nk¡Vdj fyf[k, ftuesa vuqizkl vkSj :id vyadkj dk iz;ksx gqvk gS\
3- fuEufyf[kr iafDr;ksa dk dkO;&lkSan;Z Li"V dhft,µ
ik¡;fu uwiqj eatq ctaS] dfV ¯oQfdfu oSQ èkqfu dh eèkqjkbZA
lk¡ojs vax ylS iV ihr] fg;s gqylS cueky lqgkbZA
4- nwljs dfoÙk osQ vkèkkj ij Li"V djsa fd ½rqjkt olar osQ cky&:i dk o.kZu ijaijkxr olar o.kZu ls
fdl izdkj fHkUu gSA
5- ^izkrfg txkor xqykc pVdkjh nS*µbl iafDRk dk Hkko Li"V dhft,A
6- pk¡nuh jkr dh laqnjrk dks dfo us fdu&fdu :iksa esa ns[kk gS\
7- ^I;kjh jkfèkdk dks izfr¯cc lks yxr pan*µbl iafDr dk Hkko Li"V djrs gq, crk,¡ fd blesa dkSu&lk
vyadkj gS\
8- rhljs dfoÙk osQ vkèkkj ij crkb, fd dfo us pk¡nuh jkr dh mTToyrk dk o.kZu djus osQ fy, fdu&fdu
miekuksa dk iz;ksx fd;k gS\
9- ifBr dforkvksa osQ vk/kj ij dfo nso dh dkO;xr fo'ks"krk,¡ crkb,A
jpuk vkSj vfHkO;fDr
10- vki vius ?kj dh Nr ls iwf.kZek dh jkr nsf[k, rFkk mlosQ lkSan;Z dks viuh dye ls 'kCnc¼ dhft,A
ikBsrj lfozQ;rk
? Hkkjrh; ½rq pozQ esa Ng ½rq,¡ ekuh xbZ gSa] os dkSUk&dkSu lh gSa\
? ^Xykscy okfe±x* osQ dkj.k ½rqvksa esa D;k ifjorZu vk jgs gSa\ bl leL;k ls fuiVus osQ fy,
vkidh D;k Hkwfedk gks ldrh gS\
'kCn&laink
eatq & laaqnj
dfV & dej
¯dfdfu & dj/uh] dej esa iguus okyk vkHkw"k.k
2022-23
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| 4. सवैया और कवित्त का उदाहरण दे सकते हैं? | ![]() |
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