What is Geometry and History of Euclidean? Video Lecture | Crash Course: Class 9 (Hinglish)

A long long, long, long time ago, about 2300
years ago to be a little more precise, there
lived a man in ancient Greece called Euclid.
He looked nothing like this drawing really
- this just is my idea of how he looked.
Over a thousand years after he died, someone
else thought he might have looked like this
but I prefer the way I draw him - he looks
more like an ancient Greek!
Euclid wrote the first great book on mathematics
and geometry.
It must have been a really good book because
they were still using it every day in schools
well into the 20th century.
All the best ideas are simple and brilliant
and Euclid had a really simple and brilliant
idea!
He thought he would explain stuff from the
very beginning by finding something very simple
that everyone could agree with.
Then he would build on that simple idea.
He decided that a simple point - a fixed position
in space - was a good place to start.
You can think of a point as if it were a “x”
on a map that shows where the treasure has
been buried.
Euclid explained this to his friends and they
said, “What a simple and brilliant idea.
We get the point!”
“Now,“ said Euclid, “let’s make another
point and join the two points together.”
“Okay,” everyone said.
“We’re happy with that.”
“When we connect the two points together,”
Euclid explained, “we will call the shortest
distance between the two points a line.
A line is a thing that has length but no breadth.
At each end of the line there is a point.”
“Yes!”
Everyone agreed.
“We understand.”
“I’m going to call this an Axiom,” said
Euclid.
“An Axiom is something everyone can agree
with.
A starting point from which we can begin to
work out other stuff.”
“That is so cool!” said his Ancient Greek
friends - or something like that.
“Have you got any more great ideas like
that?”
“Lots” said Euclid, but that’s enough
for today.
But tomorrow I’ll show you what happens
if we have three points instead of two.”
“Cool!”
Said his friends.”
Then they all drew diagrams in the sand.
Some drew wiggly lines... some drew zig zags…
some wrote their names.
But what ever they did, they had to agree
that the shortest distance between two points
was made by a straight and simple line.
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