Class 9 SST: Solutions of Sample Practice Question Paper- 2 | Social Studies (SST) Class 9 PDF Download

 Page 1


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper 2 
Solutions 
 
SECTION A 
 
Answer 1 
Raikas mainly live in the desert region of India. 
OR 
Dr Dietrich Brandis, a German forester, was appointed as the first Inspector General of 
Forests in India. 
OR 
Land in 16
th
 century England was enclosed with an aim to improve sheep breeding as the 
price of wool had increased. 
By the 18
th
 century, land in England was enclosed with a view to promote grain production 
in the country.  
 
Answer 2 
After the Bolsheviks ordered land redistribution, the Russian army began to break up 
because most soldiers in the Russian army were peasants who wanted to go to their 
villages to take up cultivation. 
OR 
Some Russian socialists felt that the Russian peasant custom of dividing land periodically 
made them natural socialists and hence felt that the peasants and not workers would be the 
main force of the Russian Revolution. 
Answer 3 
A strait is a narrow channel of water which connects two large water bodies.  
OR 
The latitudinal extent of mainland India is 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudinal extent is 
68°7'E and 97°25'E. 
Answer 4 
PIL is Public Litigation Interest which can be filed by any citizen or a group of citizens in 
social or public interest against any law or order of the government. 
 
Answer 5 
FCI is the Food Corporation of India. It distributes food grains throughout the country 
through the Public Distribution System. 
OR 
Agriculture is a seasonal activity because most of the labour and manpower is required 
during the period of sowing and harvesting. No major labour is required during the time of 
maturing of crops.  
 
Page 2


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper 2 
Solutions 
 
SECTION A 
 
Answer 1 
Raikas mainly live in the desert region of India. 
OR 
Dr Dietrich Brandis, a German forester, was appointed as the first Inspector General of 
Forests in India. 
OR 
Land in 16
th
 century England was enclosed with an aim to improve sheep breeding as the 
price of wool had increased. 
By the 18
th
 century, land in England was enclosed with a view to promote grain production 
in the country.  
 
Answer 2 
After the Bolsheviks ordered land redistribution, the Russian army began to break up 
because most soldiers in the Russian army were peasants who wanted to go to their 
villages to take up cultivation. 
OR 
Some Russian socialists felt that the Russian peasant custom of dividing land periodically 
made them natural socialists and hence felt that the peasants and not workers would be the 
main force of the Russian Revolution. 
Answer 3 
A strait is a narrow channel of water which connects two large water bodies.  
OR 
The latitudinal extent of mainland India is 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudinal extent is 
68°7'E and 97°25'E. 
Answer 4 
PIL is Public Litigation Interest which can be filed by any citizen or a group of citizens in 
social or public interest against any law or order of the government. 
 
Answer 5 
FCI is the Food Corporation of India. It distributes food grains throughout the country 
through the Public Distribution System. 
OR 
Agriculture is a seasonal activity because most of the labour and manpower is required 
during the period of sowing and harvesting. No major labour is required during the time of 
maturing of crops.  
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
Answer 6 
The word ‘Republic’ is enshrined in the Preamble of our Constitution which means that the 
head of the country is elected and the position is not hereditary.  
 
Answer 7 
A writ is a formal written order, issued by the Supreme Court and the High Courts to 
provide legal remedies to individuals who do not get adequate protection under ordinary 
laws. 
 
SECTION B 
Answer 8 
Problems faced by opium cultivators in India: 
? Opium could be grown only on fertile lands which meant that instead of growing food 
crops such as wheat and pulses, farmers had to grow opium. The cultivation of food 
crops was then shifted to lands of inferior quality which yielded low and poor harvests. 
? The British paid very low prices for opium to farmers. Because the British government 
established its monopoly over opium trade in many regions, farmers had to sell opium 
to them at extremely low prices fixed by the government. 
OR 
Problems faced by the Maasai pastoralists during the colonial rule: 
? Shrinking of grazing land: European imperial powers divided Maasailand between 
England and Germany. The grazing lands were taken over by the colonists. Thus, the 
Maasai lost more than half of their grazing lands. 
? Expansion of agricultural field: The British government encouraged local farming 
communities to expand cultivation. Thus, the pastoral lands were converted to 
agricultural fields. 
? Building of national parks and reserves: Large patches of pastoral lands were also 
converted to reserves such as Maasai Mara and Samburu National Park. The entry of 
the Maasai was restricted in these reserves. 
                                                         OR 
Yes, the British framed forest laws for their own benefit. Some examples are 
? The British introduced the principle of scientific forestry to systematically exploit the 
forests of India. Timber which was thus produced was exported to Britain. 
? While on one hand, the forest acts denied the tribal and village communities their 
customary rights to use the forest produce for earning their basic livelihood, on the 
other hand, vast chunks of forests were destroyed by the government to expand the 
railways in India. The railways were used to further exploit resources of the country. 
? Many Indian tribal communities in India lived by hunting animals. Hunting by 
villagers was banned by the government. However, the government officials 
themselves took part in various hunting activities to such an extent that many species 
of animals became extinct in the country. Thus, the tribals who hunted only to support 
themselves were penalised. However, the British officials made hunting a sport and 
killed thousands of tigers, lions, deer and other animals for their own pleasure. 
 
Answer 9 
Herbert Spencer first used the term ‘Survival of the fittest’. He advocated the idea that only 
those species which can adapt themselves to the changing climatic conditions can survive 
on the Earth. Hitler used this idea to justify his dislike of the Jews and other races. He 
Page 3


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper 2 
Solutions 
 
SECTION A 
 
Answer 1 
Raikas mainly live in the desert region of India. 
OR 
Dr Dietrich Brandis, a German forester, was appointed as the first Inspector General of 
Forests in India. 
OR 
Land in 16
th
 century England was enclosed with an aim to improve sheep breeding as the 
price of wool had increased. 
By the 18
th
 century, land in England was enclosed with a view to promote grain production 
in the country.  
 
Answer 2 
After the Bolsheviks ordered land redistribution, the Russian army began to break up 
because most soldiers in the Russian army were peasants who wanted to go to their 
villages to take up cultivation. 
OR 
Some Russian socialists felt that the Russian peasant custom of dividing land periodically 
made them natural socialists and hence felt that the peasants and not workers would be the 
main force of the Russian Revolution. 
Answer 3 
A strait is a narrow channel of water which connects two large water bodies.  
OR 
The latitudinal extent of mainland India is 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudinal extent is 
68°7'E and 97°25'E. 
Answer 4 
PIL is Public Litigation Interest which can be filed by any citizen or a group of citizens in 
social or public interest against any law or order of the government. 
 
Answer 5 
FCI is the Food Corporation of India. It distributes food grains throughout the country 
through the Public Distribution System. 
OR 
Agriculture is a seasonal activity because most of the labour and manpower is required 
during the period of sowing and harvesting. No major labour is required during the time of 
maturing of crops.  
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
Answer 6 
The word ‘Republic’ is enshrined in the Preamble of our Constitution which means that the 
head of the country is elected and the position is not hereditary.  
 
Answer 7 
A writ is a formal written order, issued by the Supreme Court and the High Courts to 
provide legal remedies to individuals who do not get adequate protection under ordinary 
laws. 
 
SECTION B 
Answer 8 
Problems faced by opium cultivators in India: 
? Opium could be grown only on fertile lands which meant that instead of growing food 
crops such as wheat and pulses, farmers had to grow opium. The cultivation of food 
crops was then shifted to lands of inferior quality which yielded low and poor harvests. 
? The British paid very low prices for opium to farmers. Because the British government 
established its monopoly over opium trade in many regions, farmers had to sell opium 
to them at extremely low prices fixed by the government. 
OR 
Problems faced by the Maasai pastoralists during the colonial rule: 
? Shrinking of grazing land: European imperial powers divided Maasailand between 
England and Germany. The grazing lands were taken over by the colonists. Thus, the 
Maasai lost more than half of their grazing lands. 
? Expansion of agricultural field: The British government encouraged local farming 
communities to expand cultivation. Thus, the pastoral lands were converted to 
agricultural fields. 
? Building of national parks and reserves: Large patches of pastoral lands were also 
converted to reserves such as Maasai Mara and Samburu National Park. The entry of 
the Maasai was restricted in these reserves. 
                                                         OR 
Yes, the British framed forest laws for their own benefit. Some examples are 
? The British introduced the principle of scientific forestry to systematically exploit the 
forests of India. Timber which was thus produced was exported to Britain. 
? While on one hand, the forest acts denied the tribal and village communities their 
customary rights to use the forest produce for earning their basic livelihood, on the 
other hand, vast chunks of forests were destroyed by the government to expand the 
railways in India. The railways were used to further exploit resources of the country. 
? Many Indian tribal communities in India lived by hunting animals. Hunting by 
villagers was banned by the government. However, the government officials 
themselves took part in various hunting activities to such an extent that many species 
of animals became extinct in the country. Thus, the tribals who hunted only to support 
themselves were penalised. However, the British officials made hunting a sport and 
killed thousands of tigers, lions, deer and other animals for their own pleasure. 
 
Answer 9 
Herbert Spencer first used the term ‘Survival of the fittest’. He advocated the idea that only 
those species which can adapt themselves to the changing climatic conditions can survive 
on the Earth. Hitler used this idea to justify his dislike of the Jews and other races. He 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
argued that the Aryans were the purest of all races, and thus, they need to be stronger to 
dominate the world. He contended that all other weak races like that of the Jews would not 
be able to survive. On the pretext of this idea, he exterminated Jews and Gypsies. 
OR 
The First World War had a disastrous impact on Europe. These were: 
? The economy of Europe weakened as a result of the First World War. From a 
continent of creditors, Europe turned into one of debtors. 
? During the war, soldiers were glorified and were ranked higher than the civilians. 
However, in reality soldiers fighting on the war front lived a miserable lives in 
trenches. They faced poisonous gases and enemy shelling constantly. Many soldiers 
died during the war. 
? Popular support grew for conservative dictatorships that had recently come into 
existence. Democracy was indeed a young and fragile idea, which could not survive 
the instabilities of interwar Europe. 
 
Answer 10 
Apartheid refers to the racial discrimination made on the basis of the colour of skin. This 
policy was followed in South Africa where the government comprising the ‘whites’ 
followed the policy of apartheid in which the natives called ‘blacks’ and the ‘coloured’ 
(people of mixed races and Indians) were treated as inferiors. 
I am not in favour of the apartheid system because it discriminates among people on the 
basis of the colour of their skin. In South Africa, apartheid denied the principle of equality 
and justice to the ‘blacks’ and the people of mixed race. The coloured and blacks could not 
even enter churches which were reserved for the whites. Thus, the policy of apartheid aims 
at denying economic, political, religious and social equality to ‘non-whites’. 
OR 
We should accept the Constitution framed by the Constitutional Assembly about 70 years 
ago because of the following reasons: 
? The Constitution of India has been one of the lengthiest written Constitutions of the 
world. Though some people or groups in the country have questioned the provisions of 
the Constitution, no large or prominent social group has ever questioned the 
legitimacy or the working of the constitution.  
? Although the members of the Constituent Assembly which framed the Constitution 
were not elected by the people of India, yet they represented the people of India. They 
came from different geographic locations and represented various social, religious and 
linguistic groups.  
? The members of the Constituent Assembly worked rigorously to frame the 
Constitution. Many basic principles were decided and agreed upon. Many provisions of 
the Constitution were discussed and debated clause by clause.  
Thus, the framing of the Constitution was the result of careful and diligent work of the 
Constituent Assembly 
 
Answer 11 
Over the last decade, the literacy rate in India has greatly increased. The rate of literacy has 
gone up tremendously in Himachal Pradesh and Rajasthan after the implementation of free 
education in villages. The literacy rates have increased from 18% in 1951 to 74% in 2010-
11. However, there is a wide gender disparity prevailing in the Indian literacy raten. 
Literacy among males is nearly 16.6% higher than females and it is about 16.1% higher in 
urban areas as compared to rural areas. The literacy rate also differs from state to state. It 
Page 4


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper 2 
Solutions 
 
SECTION A 
 
Answer 1 
Raikas mainly live in the desert region of India. 
OR 
Dr Dietrich Brandis, a German forester, was appointed as the first Inspector General of 
Forests in India. 
OR 
Land in 16
th
 century England was enclosed with an aim to improve sheep breeding as the 
price of wool had increased. 
By the 18
th
 century, land in England was enclosed with a view to promote grain production 
in the country.  
 
Answer 2 
After the Bolsheviks ordered land redistribution, the Russian army began to break up 
because most soldiers in the Russian army were peasants who wanted to go to their 
villages to take up cultivation. 
OR 
Some Russian socialists felt that the Russian peasant custom of dividing land periodically 
made them natural socialists and hence felt that the peasants and not workers would be the 
main force of the Russian Revolution. 
Answer 3 
A strait is a narrow channel of water which connects two large water bodies.  
OR 
The latitudinal extent of mainland India is 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudinal extent is 
68°7'E and 97°25'E. 
Answer 4 
PIL is Public Litigation Interest which can be filed by any citizen or a group of citizens in 
social or public interest against any law or order of the government. 
 
Answer 5 
FCI is the Food Corporation of India. It distributes food grains throughout the country 
through the Public Distribution System. 
OR 
Agriculture is a seasonal activity because most of the labour and manpower is required 
during the period of sowing and harvesting. No major labour is required during the time of 
maturing of crops.  
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
Answer 6 
The word ‘Republic’ is enshrined in the Preamble of our Constitution which means that the 
head of the country is elected and the position is not hereditary.  
 
Answer 7 
A writ is a formal written order, issued by the Supreme Court and the High Courts to 
provide legal remedies to individuals who do not get adequate protection under ordinary 
laws. 
 
SECTION B 
Answer 8 
Problems faced by opium cultivators in India: 
? Opium could be grown only on fertile lands which meant that instead of growing food 
crops such as wheat and pulses, farmers had to grow opium. The cultivation of food 
crops was then shifted to lands of inferior quality which yielded low and poor harvests. 
? The British paid very low prices for opium to farmers. Because the British government 
established its monopoly over opium trade in many regions, farmers had to sell opium 
to them at extremely low prices fixed by the government. 
OR 
Problems faced by the Maasai pastoralists during the colonial rule: 
? Shrinking of grazing land: European imperial powers divided Maasailand between 
England and Germany. The grazing lands were taken over by the colonists. Thus, the 
Maasai lost more than half of their grazing lands. 
? Expansion of agricultural field: The British government encouraged local farming 
communities to expand cultivation. Thus, the pastoral lands were converted to 
agricultural fields. 
? Building of national parks and reserves: Large patches of pastoral lands were also 
converted to reserves such as Maasai Mara and Samburu National Park. The entry of 
the Maasai was restricted in these reserves. 
                                                         OR 
Yes, the British framed forest laws for their own benefit. Some examples are 
? The British introduced the principle of scientific forestry to systematically exploit the 
forests of India. Timber which was thus produced was exported to Britain. 
? While on one hand, the forest acts denied the tribal and village communities their 
customary rights to use the forest produce for earning their basic livelihood, on the 
other hand, vast chunks of forests were destroyed by the government to expand the 
railways in India. The railways were used to further exploit resources of the country. 
? Many Indian tribal communities in India lived by hunting animals. Hunting by 
villagers was banned by the government. However, the government officials 
themselves took part in various hunting activities to such an extent that many species 
of animals became extinct in the country. Thus, the tribals who hunted only to support 
themselves were penalised. However, the British officials made hunting a sport and 
killed thousands of tigers, lions, deer and other animals for their own pleasure. 
 
Answer 9 
Herbert Spencer first used the term ‘Survival of the fittest’. He advocated the idea that only 
those species which can adapt themselves to the changing climatic conditions can survive 
on the Earth. Hitler used this idea to justify his dislike of the Jews and other races. He 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
argued that the Aryans were the purest of all races, and thus, they need to be stronger to 
dominate the world. He contended that all other weak races like that of the Jews would not 
be able to survive. On the pretext of this idea, he exterminated Jews and Gypsies. 
OR 
The First World War had a disastrous impact on Europe. These were: 
? The economy of Europe weakened as a result of the First World War. From a 
continent of creditors, Europe turned into one of debtors. 
? During the war, soldiers were glorified and were ranked higher than the civilians. 
However, in reality soldiers fighting on the war front lived a miserable lives in 
trenches. They faced poisonous gases and enemy shelling constantly. Many soldiers 
died during the war. 
? Popular support grew for conservative dictatorships that had recently come into 
existence. Democracy was indeed a young and fragile idea, which could not survive 
the instabilities of interwar Europe. 
 
Answer 10 
Apartheid refers to the racial discrimination made on the basis of the colour of skin. This 
policy was followed in South Africa where the government comprising the ‘whites’ 
followed the policy of apartheid in which the natives called ‘blacks’ and the ‘coloured’ 
(people of mixed races and Indians) were treated as inferiors. 
I am not in favour of the apartheid system because it discriminates among people on the 
basis of the colour of their skin. In South Africa, apartheid denied the principle of equality 
and justice to the ‘blacks’ and the people of mixed race. The coloured and blacks could not 
even enter churches which were reserved for the whites. Thus, the policy of apartheid aims 
at denying economic, political, religious and social equality to ‘non-whites’. 
OR 
We should accept the Constitution framed by the Constitutional Assembly about 70 years 
ago because of the following reasons: 
? The Constitution of India has been one of the lengthiest written Constitutions of the 
world. Though some people or groups in the country have questioned the provisions of 
the Constitution, no large or prominent social group has ever questioned the 
legitimacy or the working of the constitution.  
? Although the members of the Constituent Assembly which framed the Constitution 
were not elected by the people of India, yet they represented the people of India. They 
came from different geographic locations and represented various social, religious and 
linguistic groups.  
? The members of the Constituent Assembly worked rigorously to frame the 
Constitution. Many basic principles were decided and agreed upon. Many provisions of 
the Constitution were discussed and debated clause by clause.  
Thus, the framing of the Constitution was the result of careful and diligent work of the 
Constituent Assembly 
 
Answer 11 
Over the last decade, the literacy rate in India has greatly increased. The rate of literacy has 
gone up tremendously in Himachal Pradesh and Rajasthan after the implementation of free 
education in villages. The literacy rates have increased from 18% in 1951 to 74% in 2010-
11. However, there is a wide gender disparity prevailing in the Indian literacy raten. 
Literacy among males is nearly 16.6% higher than females and it is about 16.1% higher in 
urban areas as compared to rural areas. The literacy rate also differs from state to state. It 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
varies from 96% in some districts of Kerala to below 62% in Bihar. Thus, there is a vast 
difference prevailing across different sections of the population. 
 
Answer 12 
Three main characteristics of summer season in India are 
? The hot weather season in India begins from March and continues till May. In May, the 
temperature rises to 45°C in the northwestern parts of the country. 
? Because of high temperature, low air pressure is created in the northern parts of the 
country. 
? One of the striking features of the hot weather season in India is the blowing of local 
winds known as ‘loo’. It is a hot wind which may blow even during the evenings. Direct 
exposure to these winds may cause fever and anxieties. 
? Sometimes, northern India experiences dust storms accompanied by light rainfall 
during May. This brings down the temperature.  
OR 
The Himalayas play an important role in the economic and cultural development of India in 
the following ways: 
? The Himalayas act as a barrier to the South West monsoon winds. When they strike 
the Himalayas, they shed their moisture bringing much needed rainfall in the 
northern parts of the country. Indian agriculture is immensely benefited by the 
monsoons (economic impact). 
? Many hill stations have been developed in the Himalayan region such as Shimla, 
Manali, Dharamshala and Nainital. Himalayas are known for their scenic beauty and 
are visited by tourists all over the world bringing much needed foreign currency into 
the country (economic impact). 
? The Himalayas are spread over vast regions running across various countries such as 
India, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Pakistan. This makes cultural exchanges among the 
people of various countries possible. The Himalayas have profoundly shaped the 
cultures of South Asia. Many Himalayan peaks are sacred to Hinduism, Buddhism and 
Sikhism (cultural impact). 
 
Answer 13 
Role of co-operatives in food security in India:  
? They provide food security in the country, especially in the southern and western 
parts. 
? They have set up shops to sell low-priced goods to the poor. For example, in Tamil 
Nadu, about 94% of all fair price shops are run by co-operatives. 
? It has brought about the White Revolution in the country. Example: Amul selling milk 
and milk products. 
? In Maharashtra, a co-operative called the Academy of Development Studies (ADS) has 
facilitated a network of NGOs for establishing grain banks in different regions. It has 
organised training and capacity building programmes on food security for NGOs. This 
has been done to set up grain banks to facilitate replication through other NGOs and 
to influence the government’s policy on food security. 
 
 
 
Page 5


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper 2 
Solutions 
 
SECTION A 
 
Answer 1 
Raikas mainly live in the desert region of India. 
OR 
Dr Dietrich Brandis, a German forester, was appointed as the first Inspector General of 
Forests in India. 
OR 
Land in 16
th
 century England was enclosed with an aim to improve sheep breeding as the 
price of wool had increased. 
By the 18
th
 century, land in England was enclosed with a view to promote grain production 
in the country.  
 
Answer 2 
After the Bolsheviks ordered land redistribution, the Russian army began to break up 
because most soldiers in the Russian army were peasants who wanted to go to their 
villages to take up cultivation. 
OR 
Some Russian socialists felt that the Russian peasant custom of dividing land periodically 
made them natural socialists and hence felt that the peasants and not workers would be the 
main force of the Russian Revolution. 
Answer 3 
A strait is a narrow channel of water which connects two large water bodies.  
OR 
The latitudinal extent of mainland India is 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudinal extent is 
68°7'E and 97°25'E. 
Answer 4 
PIL is Public Litigation Interest which can be filed by any citizen or a group of citizens in 
social or public interest against any law or order of the government. 
 
Answer 5 
FCI is the Food Corporation of India. It distributes food grains throughout the country 
through the Public Distribution System. 
OR 
Agriculture is a seasonal activity because most of the labour and manpower is required 
during the period of sowing and harvesting. No major labour is required during the time of 
maturing of crops.  
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
Answer 6 
The word ‘Republic’ is enshrined in the Preamble of our Constitution which means that the 
head of the country is elected and the position is not hereditary.  
 
Answer 7 
A writ is a formal written order, issued by the Supreme Court and the High Courts to 
provide legal remedies to individuals who do not get adequate protection under ordinary 
laws. 
 
SECTION B 
Answer 8 
Problems faced by opium cultivators in India: 
? Opium could be grown only on fertile lands which meant that instead of growing food 
crops such as wheat and pulses, farmers had to grow opium. The cultivation of food 
crops was then shifted to lands of inferior quality which yielded low and poor harvests. 
? The British paid very low prices for opium to farmers. Because the British government 
established its monopoly over opium trade in many regions, farmers had to sell opium 
to them at extremely low prices fixed by the government. 
OR 
Problems faced by the Maasai pastoralists during the colonial rule: 
? Shrinking of grazing land: European imperial powers divided Maasailand between 
England and Germany. The grazing lands were taken over by the colonists. Thus, the 
Maasai lost more than half of their grazing lands. 
? Expansion of agricultural field: The British government encouraged local farming 
communities to expand cultivation. Thus, the pastoral lands were converted to 
agricultural fields. 
? Building of national parks and reserves: Large patches of pastoral lands were also 
converted to reserves such as Maasai Mara and Samburu National Park. The entry of 
the Maasai was restricted in these reserves. 
                                                         OR 
Yes, the British framed forest laws for their own benefit. Some examples are 
? The British introduced the principle of scientific forestry to systematically exploit the 
forests of India. Timber which was thus produced was exported to Britain. 
? While on one hand, the forest acts denied the tribal and village communities their 
customary rights to use the forest produce for earning their basic livelihood, on the 
other hand, vast chunks of forests were destroyed by the government to expand the 
railways in India. The railways were used to further exploit resources of the country. 
? Many Indian tribal communities in India lived by hunting animals. Hunting by 
villagers was banned by the government. However, the government officials 
themselves took part in various hunting activities to such an extent that many species 
of animals became extinct in the country. Thus, the tribals who hunted only to support 
themselves were penalised. However, the British officials made hunting a sport and 
killed thousands of tigers, lions, deer and other animals for their own pleasure. 
 
Answer 9 
Herbert Spencer first used the term ‘Survival of the fittest’. He advocated the idea that only 
those species which can adapt themselves to the changing climatic conditions can survive 
on the Earth. Hitler used this idea to justify his dislike of the Jews and other races. He 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
argued that the Aryans were the purest of all races, and thus, they need to be stronger to 
dominate the world. He contended that all other weak races like that of the Jews would not 
be able to survive. On the pretext of this idea, he exterminated Jews and Gypsies. 
OR 
The First World War had a disastrous impact on Europe. These were: 
? The economy of Europe weakened as a result of the First World War. From a 
continent of creditors, Europe turned into one of debtors. 
? During the war, soldiers were glorified and were ranked higher than the civilians. 
However, in reality soldiers fighting on the war front lived a miserable lives in 
trenches. They faced poisonous gases and enemy shelling constantly. Many soldiers 
died during the war. 
? Popular support grew for conservative dictatorships that had recently come into 
existence. Democracy was indeed a young and fragile idea, which could not survive 
the instabilities of interwar Europe. 
 
Answer 10 
Apartheid refers to the racial discrimination made on the basis of the colour of skin. This 
policy was followed in South Africa where the government comprising the ‘whites’ 
followed the policy of apartheid in which the natives called ‘blacks’ and the ‘coloured’ 
(people of mixed races and Indians) were treated as inferiors. 
I am not in favour of the apartheid system because it discriminates among people on the 
basis of the colour of their skin. In South Africa, apartheid denied the principle of equality 
and justice to the ‘blacks’ and the people of mixed race. The coloured and blacks could not 
even enter churches which were reserved for the whites. Thus, the policy of apartheid aims 
at denying economic, political, religious and social equality to ‘non-whites’. 
OR 
We should accept the Constitution framed by the Constitutional Assembly about 70 years 
ago because of the following reasons: 
? The Constitution of India has been one of the lengthiest written Constitutions of the 
world. Though some people or groups in the country have questioned the provisions of 
the Constitution, no large or prominent social group has ever questioned the 
legitimacy or the working of the constitution.  
? Although the members of the Constituent Assembly which framed the Constitution 
were not elected by the people of India, yet they represented the people of India. They 
came from different geographic locations and represented various social, religious and 
linguistic groups.  
? The members of the Constituent Assembly worked rigorously to frame the 
Constitution. Many basic principles were decided and agreed upon. Many provisions of 
the Constitution were discussed and debated clause by clause.  
Thus, the framing of the Constitution was the result of careful and diligent work of the 
Constituent Assembly 
 
Answer 11 
Over the last decade, the literacy rate in India has greatly increased. The rate of literacy has 
gone up tremendously in Himachal Pradesh and Rajasthan after the implementation of free 
education in villages. The literacy rates have increased from 18% in 1951 to 74% in 2010-
11. However, there is a wide gender disparity prevailing in the Indian literacy raten. 
Literacy among males is nearly 16.6% higher than females and it is about 16.1% higher in 
urban areas as compared to rural areas. The literacy rate also differs from state to state. It 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
varies from 96% in some districts of Kerala to below 62% in Bihar. Thus, there is a vast 
difference prevailing across different sections of the population. 
 
Answer 12 
Three main characteristics of summer season in India are 
? The hot weather season in India begins from March and continues till May. In May, the 
temperature rises to 45°C in the northwestern parts of the country. 
? Because of high temperature, low air pressure is created in the northern parts of the 
country. 
? One of the striking features of the hot weather season in India is the blowing of local 
winds known as ‘loo’. It is a hot wind which may blow even during the evenings. Direct 
exposure to these winds may cause fever and anxieties. 
? Sometimes, northern India experiences dust storms accompanied by light rainfall 
during May. This brings down the temperature.  
OR 
The Himalayas play an important role in the economic and cultural development of India in 
the following ways: 
? The Himalayas act as a barrier to the South West monsoon winds. When they strike 
the Himalayas, they shed their moisture bringing much needed rainfall in the 
northern parts of the country. Indian agriculture is immensely benefited by the 
monsoons (economic impact). 
? Many hill stations have been developed in the Himalayan region such as Shimla, 
Manali, Dharamshala and Nainital. Himalayas are known for their scenic beauty and 
are visited by tourists all over the world bringing much needed foreign currency into 
the country (economic impact). 
? The Himalayas are spread over vast regions running across various countries such as 
India, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Pakistan. This makes cultural exchanges among the 
people of various countries possible. The Himalayas have profoundly shaped the 
cultures of South Asia. Many Himalayan peaks are sacred to Hinduism, Buddhism and 
Sikhism (cultural impact). 
 
Answer 13 
Role of co-operatives in food security in India:  
? They provide food security in the country, especially in the southern and western 
parts. 
? They have set up shops to sell low-priced goods to the poor. For example, in Tamil 
Nadu, about 94% of all fair price shops are run by co-operatives. 
? It has brought about the White Revolution in the country. Example: Amul selling milk 
and milk products. 
? In Maharashtra, a co-operative called the Academy of Development Studies (ADS) has 
facilitated a network of NGOs for establishing grain banks in different regions. It has 
organised training and capacity building programmes on food security for NGOs. This 
has been done to set up grain banks to facilitate replication through other NGOs and 
to influence the government’s policy on food security. 
 
 
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -2 
 
  
Answer 14 
Three powers of the Prime Minister of India: 
? He presides over the meetings of the cabinet ministers and coordinates the workings 
of various departments. 
? He supervises the work of various ministries and his decisions are final. He can ask for 
the resignation of any ministers if they do not discharge their duties efficiently.  
? He appoints the ministers. He can also transfer or dismiss his ministers. When the 
Prime Minister quits, the entire ministry has to quit. 
 
Answer 15 
Cultural and educational rights enjoyed by minority communities in India: 
? Admission to any educational institution maintained by the government cannot be 
denied to any citizen on the grounds of religion or language. 
? Any section of the population with a distinct language or culture has the right to 
conserve it. 
? All minorities in the country have the right to set up and administer educational 
institutions of their choice. 
 
Answer 16 
Poverty and employment are twin problems existing in India. Poverty can be eradicated 
effectively only when the poor take part in the growth process. Therefore, various 
employment programmes are launched to achieve this target. 
Employment generation reduces poverty as follows: 
? Relationship between unemployment and poverty: If employment opportunities are 
generated, then more people will be employed which leads to an increase in the 
income level. Thus, it reduces the level of poverty. 
? Availability of basic facilities: Because of an increase in employment opportunities, 
there will be a rise in income and the poor will be able to access education, basic health 
facilities and sanitation. 
? Assets creation: Employment generates schemes which aim to create assets such as 
irrigation facilities, water harvesting and construction of dams.  These assets help 
develop socioeconomic conditions of the rural poor and thus eradicate poverty. 
OR 
Unemployment is a state of worklessness for a person who is fit and has the willingness to 
work. Our educational system does not prepare the minds of youth to become self-
employed. It enables them to depend on government vacancies which are very hard to get. 
Everyone pursues education as long as they want to do. However, they cannot find the right 
job because of lack of employment opportunities in India. Employers search for people who 
have good learning and communication skills along with critical thinking abilities. A large 
number of unskilled youth are unable to meet these requirements. Only a few educated 
youth are able to get jobs, and the remaining youth incur debt and struggle for their day-to-
day expenses. Unemployment tends to increase the burden and affects the overall growth 
of an economy. An increasing trend in the unemployment rate is an indication of a 
depressed economy. When people cannot be used as a resource, they are treated as a 
liability to the economy.