Class 9 SST: Solutions of Sample Practice Question Paper- 1 | Social Studies (SST) Class 9 PDF Download

 Page 1


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper I 
Solutions 
 
 
Answer 1 
European foresters regarded shifting cultivation harmful for forests because they felt that 
the land which was used for cultivation every few years could not grow trees for railway 
timber. Besides, the burning of trees may result in spreading of fire into the forest 
destroying valuable timber.  
OR 
Most of the pastoral communities moved away from the coastal regions during the 
monsoon because sheep and cattle (except buffaloes) were not able to tolerate the 
extremely wet monsoon. They thus had to be shifted to a dry place.  
OR 
In the mid-17
th
 century, farmers in England began to grow turnip and clover in their fields 
because planting of these crops improved the quality of soil and made it fertile. 
 
Answer 2 
The Weimar Republic was set up in Germany after the country’s defeat in the First World 
War. One defect of the Weimar Constitution was that it empowered the President to impose 
emergency and suspend the civil rights of citizens.  
OR 
The invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939 marked the beginning of the Second 
World War.  
Answer 3 
The words ‘We, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA’ in the Preamble signify that the people of India are 
the real source of authority in the country. The Constitution has been drawn up and 
enacted by the people through their representatives.  
OR 
Nelson Mandela imprisoned by the white government in South Africa for opposing the 
apartheid regime in his country. 
Answer 4 
Sex ratio is the number of females per 1000 males in the population. Kerala has the highest 
sex ratio in the country. 
 
Answer 5 
Education and health are the two major sources of human capital.  
OR 
Tertiary sector is the sector of economy which provide services to the primary and 
secondary sectors. These services include banking, transport and communication. 
 
 
Page 2


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper I 
Solutions 
 
 
Answer 1 
European foresters regarded shifting cultivation harmful for forests because they felt that 
the land which was used for cultivation every few years could not grow trees for railway 
timber. Besides, the burning of trees may result in spreading of fire into the forest 
destroying valuable timber.  
OR 
Most of the pastoral communities moved away from the coastal regions during the 
monsoon because sheep and cattle (except buffaloes) were not able to tolerate the 
extremely wet monsoon. They thus had to be shifted to a dry place.  
OR 
In the mid-17
th
 century, farmers in England began to grow turnip and clover in their fields 
because planting of these crops improved the quality of soil and made it fertile. 
 
Answer 2 
The Weimar Republic was set up in Germany after the country’s defeat in the First World 
War. One defect of the Weimar Constitution was that it empowered the President to impose 
emergency and suspend the civil rights of citizens.  
OR 
The invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939 marked the beginning of the Second 
World War.  
Answer 3 
The words ‘We, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA’ in the Preamble signify that the people of India are 
the real source of authority in the country. The Constitution has been drawn up and 
enacted by the people through their representatives.  
OR 
Nelson Mandela imprisoned by the white government in South Africa for opposing the 
apartheid regime in his country. 
Answer 4 
Sex ratio is the number of females per 1000 males in the population. Kerala has the highest 
sex ratio in the country. 
 
Answer 5 
Education and health are the two major sources of human capital.  
OR 
Tertiary sector is the sector of economy which provide services to the primary and 
secondary sectors. These services include banking, transport and communication. 
 
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
Answer 6 
The President of India appoints the Chief Election Commissioner.  
 
Answer 7 
Impeachment is a process by which the President, Chief Justice and judges of the country 
can be removed from office. It requires two-thirds majority of both Houses of Parliament. 
 
SECTION B 
Answer 8 
Karl Marx was a social thinker who believed in the principle of socialism. He argued that 
the industrialists and capitalists who own the factors of production earn profits because of 
the hardwork put in by workers. The capitalists pocket the profits and do not share it 
among workers. Marx advocated that the working class will remain poor and their 
condition will not improve until and unless profits are shared by industrialists. 
He believed that industrialists will not readily share their profits with workers. The latter 
thus have to free themselves from the exploitation of industrialists by establishing a radical 
socialist classless society where all industries and property are owned by the state. 
OR 
Yes, I agree that one of the groups that looked forward to change the society were of the 
liberals. It is because of the following reasons: 
? Liberals wanted a nation where people were not discriminated on their religious 
affiliations. 
? Liberals also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers. They wanted to 
safeguard the rights of individuals against governments. 
? They argued for a representative, elected parliamentary government, which governed 
the people according to laws interpreted judiciary that was independent of rulers and 
officials. 
Answer 9 
Triangular slave trade was conducted between Europe, Africa and the Americas. Since the 
17
th
 century, French merchants travelled from the ports of Bordeaux and Nantes to Africa 
where they bought slaves from the local chieftains. From there, the slaves were branded, 
shackled and sent off to the Caribbean to be sold off to plantation owners. Such exploitation 
of slaves from Africa made it possible for the European markets to flourish with 
commodities such as sugar, indigo and coffee. 
OR 
The eighteenth century Europe witnessed the emergence of the middle class. People 
belonging to the middle class consisted of merchants, bankers, traders, lawyers, teachers 
etc. The middle class impacted the political and economic condition of pre-revolutionary 
France in the following ways: 
? The people of middle class were educated and believed that no group in society should 
be privileged by birth. Rather, a person’s social position must depend on his merit. 
? These ideas envisaging a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities 
for all, were put forward by philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques 
Rousseau. 
? The people of middle class discussed these ideas intensively in salons and coffee-
houses and spread among people through books and newspapers. They began to 
Page 3


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper I 
Solutions 
 
 
Answer 1 
European foresters regarded shifting cultivation harmful for forests because they felt that 
the land which was used for cultivation every few years could not grow trees for railway 
timber. Besides, the burning of trees may result in spreading of fire into the forest 
destroying valuable timber.  
OR 
Most of the pastoral communities moved away from the coastal regions during the 
monsoon because sheep and cattle (except buffaloes) were not able to tolerate the 
extremely wet monsoon. They thus had to be shifted to a dry place.  
OR 
In the mid-17
th
 century, farmers in England began to grow turnip and clover in their fields 
because planting of these crops improved the quality of soil and made it fertile. 
 
Answer 2 
The Weimar Republic was set up in Germany after the country’s defeat in the First World 
War. One defect of the Weimar Constitution was that it empowered the President to impose 
emergency and suspend the civil rights of citizens.  
OR 
The invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939 marked the beginning of the Second 
World War.  
Answer 3 
The words ‘We, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA’ in the Preamble signify that the people of India are 
the real source of authority in the country. The Constitution has been drawn up and 
enacted by the people through their representatives.  
OR 
Nelson Mandela imprisoned by the white government in South Africa for opposing the 
apartheid regime in his country. 
Answer 4 
Sex ratio is the number of females per 1000 males in the population. Kerala has the highest 
sex ratio in the country. 
 
Answer 5 
Education and health are the two major sources of human capital.  
OR 
Tertiary sector is the sector of economy which provide services to the primary and 
secondary sectors. These services include banking, transport and communication. 
 
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
Answer 6 
The President of India appoints the Chief Election Commissioner.  
 
Answer 7 
Impeachment is a process by which the President, Chief Justice and judges of the country 
can be removed from office. It requires two-thirds majority of both Houses of Parliament. 
 
SECTION B 
Answer 8 
Karl Marx was a social thinker who believed in the principle of socialism. He argued that 
the industrialists and capitalists who own the factors of production earn profits because of 
the hardwork put in by workers. The capitalists pocket the profits and do not share it 
among workers. Marx advocated that the working class will remain poor and their 
condition will not improve until and unless profits are shared by industrialists. 
He believed that industrialists will not readily share their profits with workers. The latter 
thus have to free themselves from the exploitation of industrialists by establishing a radical 
socialist classless society where all industries and property are owned by the state. 
OR 
Yes, I agree that one of the groups that looked forward to change the society were of the 
liberals. It is because of the following reasons: 
? Liberals wanted a nation where people were not discriminated on their religious 
affiliations. 
? Liberals also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers. They wanted to 
safeguard the rights of individuals against governments. 
? They argued for a representative, elected parliamentary government, which governed 
the people according to laws interpreted judiciary that was independent of rulers and 
officials. 
Answer 9 
Triangular slave trade was conducted between Europe, Africa and the Americas. Since the 
17
th
 century, French merchants travelled from the ports of Bordeaux and Nantes to Africa 
where they bought slaves from the local chieftains. From there, the slaves were branded, 
shackled and sent off to the Caribbean to be sold off to plantation owners. Such exploitation 
of slaves from Africa made it possible for the European markets to flourish with 
commodities such as sugar, indigo and coffee. 
OR 
The eighteenth century Europe witnessed the emergence of the middle class. People 
belonging to the middle class consisted of merchants, bankers, traders, lawyers, teachers 
etc. The middle class impacted the political and economic condition of pre-revolutionary 
France in the following ways: 
? The people of middle class were educated and believed that no group in society should 
be privileged by birth. Rather, a person’s social position must depend on his merit. 
? These ideas envisaging a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities 
for all, were put forward by philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques 
Rousseau. 
? The people of middle class discussed these ideas intensively in salons and coffee-
houses and spread among people through books and newspapers. They began to 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
oppose the system of privileges enjoyed by the embers of the first estate and wanted 
political equality for all.  
 
Answer 10 
In India, the subnormal and abnormal activities of the monsoon affecting the seasonal 
pattern of rainfall are known as the vagaries of monsoon. It is caused by the early arrival or 
late withdrawal of rainfall which ruin the crops leading to slowdown of the economy. The 
monsoon in India is erratic and irregular. So, while the copious rainfall in some years may 
cause floods and destroy crops, large deficits in rainfall cause droughts and crop failure 
during some other years. For example, while it rains heavily in one part of the country 
(such as Assam) leading to floods, other parts of the country may experience drought at the 
same time. 
OR 
El Nino is a feature connected to Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It is a climatic pattern. It 
occurs when water in the Pacific Ocean near the Equator gets hotter than usual. El Nino 
climatic conditions take place every few years and they are unpredictable. This is caused 
largely by the Peruvian current which starts flowing during Christmas. Weather to a large 
extent depends upon ocean temperatures. Warm ocean results in making more clouds and 
hence more rainfall in the near-by areas. 
In El Nino conditions, the trade winds weaken or even blow in an opposite direction. Warm 
water starts collecting near the west coast of South America and cold water remains deep 
in an ocean. El Nino causes excessive rainfall in one part of the world and droughts in other 
areas. 
 
Answer 11 
Differences between the Cabinet and the Council of Ministers: 
Cabinet Council of Ministers 
It is a smaller group consisting of senior 
members which hold important 
portfolios. 
They consist of all categories of 
ministers—Cabinet ministers, Ministers 
of State and Deputy Ministers. 
They are the most trusted and consulted 
colleagues of the Prime Minister. He 
asks their advice on important matters. 
The decisions of the Cabinet are binding 
on all ministers. 
The prime Minister may or may not 
consult these ministers for making 
important decisions. 
They advise the President through the 
Prime Minister in day-to-day 
governance of the country. 
Although the Council of Ministers advises 
the President, in reality, it is the Cabinet 
which advises the President and the 
latter acts on their advice. 
 
Answer 12 
Yes, democracy is a better and a preferable form of governance because of the following 
reasons: 
? In a democracy, the leaders are elected by the people of the country. Thus, they 
represent the wishes and aspirations of the people of the nation. 
Page 4


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper I 
Solutions 
 
 
Answer 1 
European foresters regarded shifting cultivation harmful for forests because they felt that 
the land which was used for cultivation every few years could not grow trees for railway 
timber. Besides, the burning of trees may result in spreading of fire into the forest 
destroying valuable timber.  
OR 
Most of the pastoral communities moved away from the coastal regions during the 
monsoon because sheep and cattle (except buffaloes) were not able to tolerate the 
extremely wet monsoon. They thus had to be shifted to a dry place.  
OR 
In the mid-17
th
 century, farmers in England began to grow turnip and clover in their fields 
because planting of these crops improved the quality of soil and made it fertile. 
 
Answer 2 
The Weimar Republic was set up in Germany after the country’s defeat in the First World 
War. One defect of the Weimar Constitution was that it empowered the President to impose 
emergency and suspend the civil rights of citizens.  
OR 
The invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939 marked the beginning of the Second 
World War.  
Answer 3 
The words ‘We, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA’ in the Preamble signify that the people of India are 
the real source of authority in the country. The Constitution has been drawn up and 
enacted by the people through their representatives.  
OR 
Nelson Mandela imprisoned by the white government in South Africa for opposing the 
apartheid regime in his country. 
Answer 4 
Sex ratio is the number of females per 1000 males in the population. Kerala has the highest 
sex ratio in the country. 
 
Answer 5 
Education and health are the two major sources of human capital.  
OR 
Tertiary sector is the sector of economy which provide services to the primary and 
secondary sectors. These services include banking, transport and communication. 
 
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
Answer 6 
The President of India appoints the Chief Election Commissioner.  
 
Answer 7 
Impeachment is a process by which the President, Chief Justice and judges of the country 
can be removed from office. It requires two-thirds majority of both Houses of Parliament. 
 
SECTION B 
Answer 8 
Karl Marx was a social thinker who believed in the principle of socialism. He argued that 
the industrialists and capitalists who own the factors of production earn profits because of 
the hardwork put in by workers. The capitalists pocket the profits and do not share it 
among workers. Marx advocated that the working class will remain poor and their 
condition will not improve until and unless profits are shared by industrialists. 
He believed that industrialists will not readily share their profits with workers. The latter 
thus have to free themselves from the exploitation of industrialists by establishing a radical 
socialist classless society where all industries and property are owned by the state. 
OR 
Yes, I agree that one of the groups that looked forward to change the society were of the 
liberals. It is because of the following reasons: 
? Liberals wanted a nation where people were not discriminated on their religious 
affiliations. 
? Liberals also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers. They wanted to 
safeguard the rights of individuals against governments. 
? They argued for a representative, elected parliamentary government, which governed 
the people according to laws interpreted judiciary that was independent of rulers and 
officials. 
Answer 9 
Triangular slave trade was conducted between Europe, Africa and the Americas. Since the 
17
th
 century, French merchants travelled from the ports of Bordeaux and Nantes to Africa 
where they bought slaves from the local chieftains. From there, the slaves were branded, 
shackled and sent off to the Caribbean to be sold off to plantation owners. Such exploitation 
of slaves from Africa made it possible for the European markets to flourish with 
commodities such as sugar, indigo and coffee. 
OR 
The eighteenth century Europe witnessed the emergence of the middle class. People 
belonging to the middle class consisted of merchants, bankers, traders, lawyers, teachers 
etc. The middle class impacted the political and economic condition of pre-revolutionary 
France in the following ways: 
? The people of middle class were educated and believed that no group in society should 
be privileged by birth. Rather, a person’s social position must depend on his merit. 
? These ideas envisaging a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities 
for all, were put forward by philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques 
Rousseau. 
? The people of middle class discussed these ideas intensively in salons and coffee-
houses and spread among people through books and newspapers. They began to 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
oppose the system of privileges enjoyed by the embers of the first estate and wanted 
political equality for all.  
 
Answer 10 
In India, the subnormal and abnormal activities of the monsoon affecting the seasonal 
pattern of rainfall are known as the vagaries of monsoon. It is caused by the early arrival or 
late withdrawal of rainfall which ruin the crops leading to slowdown of the economy. The 
monsoon in India is erratic and irregular. So, while the copious rainfall in some years may 
cause floods and destroy crops, large deficits in rainfall cause droughts and crop failure 
during some other years. For example, while it rains heavily in one part of the country 
(such as Assam) leading to floods, other parts of the country may experience drought at the 
same time. 
OR 
El Nino is a feature connected to Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It is a climatic pattern. It 
occurs when water in the Pacific Ocean near the Equator gets hotter than usual. El Nino 
climatic conditions take place every few years and they are unpredictable. This is caused 
largely by the Peruvian current which starts flowing during Christmas. Weather to a large 
extent depends upon ocean temperatures. Warm ocean results in making more clouds and 
hence more rainfall in the near-by areas. 
In El Nino conditions, the trade winds weaken or even blow in an opposite direction. Warm 
water starts collecting near the west coast of South America and cold water remains deep 
in an ocean. El Nino causes excessive rainfall in one part of the world and droughts in other 
areas. 
 
Answer 11 
Differences between the Cabinet and the Council of Ministers: 
Cabinet Council of Ministers 
It is a smaller group consisting of senior 
members which hold important 
portfolios. 
They consist of all categories of 
ministers—Cabinet ministers, Ministers 
of State and Deputy Ministers. 
They are the most trusted and consulted 
colleagues of the Prime Minister. He 
asks their advice on important matters. 
The decisions of the Cabinet are binding 
on all ministers. 
The prime Minister may or may not 
consult these ministers for making 
important decisions. 
They advise the President through the 
Prime Minister in day-to-day 
governance of the country. 
Although the Council of Ministers advises 
the President, in reality, it is the Cabinet 
which advises the President and the 
latter acts on their advice. 
 
Answer 12 
Yes, democracy is a better and a preferable form of governance because of the following 
reasons: 
? In a democracy, the leaders are elected by the people of the country. Thus, they 
represent the wishes and aspirations of the people of the nation. 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
? Democracy is based on equality and rule of law where all citizens are treated without 
any discrimination based on caste, class, colour or gender. 
? A democratic government is a better government because it is a more accountable 
form of government as leaders of the country have to attend to the needs of the 
people.  
OR 
No, Pakistan under President Pervez Musharaff was not a democracy. It was because of the 
following reasons: 
? General Pervez Musharaff led a military coup and overthrew a democratically elected 
government in Pakistan. Later, he changed his designation to President and in the 
year 2000 held a referendum in the country granting himself a five year extension. 
This referendum was based on malpractices and fraud.  
? In August 2002, he issued a ‘Legal Framework Order’ that made some changes to the 
constitution of Pakistan. This amendment gave wide powers to the President.  
? The work of the civilian cabinet was supervised by a National Security Council which 
was dominated by military officers. Though elected representatives had some powers, 
the final decision making power rested with Musahraff.  
Thus, all powers were vested in Pervez Musharaff. He followed several unconstitutional 
measures to make himself a powerful authority. 
                            
Answer 13 
Modern farming methods require a great deal of capital, so the small farmers face 
more difficulties in arranging capital in comparison with medium and large farmers.  
Most of the small farmers have to borrow money from large farmers or the village 
money lenders or the traders who supply various inputs for cultivation. The rate of interest 
charged by them on such loans is very high. This put the small farmers in great distress to 
repay the loans. Small farmers get trapped into debt cycle and often have to sell their lands. 
Unlike small farmers, medium and large farmers have their own savings from farming. 
They sell surplus crops and earn more income. This income is utilised by them in arranging 
capital for next season of production.  
 
Answer 14 
Tropical evergreen forests are found in the equatorial regions receiving more than 200 
cm of rainfall. 
The thorn forests are found in regions which receive less than 70 cm of rainfall. 
Monsoon deciduous forests are generally found in regions experiencing monsoon type of 
climate receiving rainfall between 70 cm and 200 cm. 
 
Answer 15 
The Right to Constitutional Remedies guaranteed by the Constitution of India include: 
? Article 32 of the Constitution of India guarantees the Right to Constitutional Remedies 
to Indian citizens. This right allows citizens to move the Supreme Court for the 
enforcement of the other Fundamental Rights guaranteed to them by the Constitution. 
Because of its importance, Dr Ambedkar had called Article 32 as the ‘heart and soul of 
the Constitution’. 
? Under this article, the Supreme Court and the High Courts can issue writs for the 
enforcement of Fundamental Rights. A writ is a formal written order, issued by the 
Page 5


  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
CBSE 
Class IX  
Social Science 
Sample Paper I 
Solutions 
 
 
Answer 1 
European foresters regarded shifting cultivation harmful for forests because they felt that 
the land which was used for cultivation every few years could not grow trees for railway 
timber. Besides, the burning of trees may result in spreading of fire into the forest 
destroying valuable timber.  
OR 
Most of the pastoral communities moved away from the coastal regions during the 
monsoon because sheep and cattle (except buffaloes) were not able to tolerate the 
extremely wet monsoon. They thus had to be shifted to a dry place.  
OR 
In the mid-17
th
 century, farmers in England began to grow turnip and clover in their fields 
because planting of these crops improved the quality of soil and made it fertile. 
 
Answer 2 
The Weimar Republic was set up in Germany after the country’s defeat in the First World 
War. One defect of the Weimar Constitution was that it empowered the President to impose 
emergency and suspend the civil rights of citizens.  
OR 
The invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939 marked the beginning of the Second 
World War.  
Answer 3 
The words ‘We, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA’ in the Preamble signify that the people of India are 
the real source of authority in the country. The Constitution has been drawn up and 
enacted by the people through their representatives.  
OR 
Nelson Mandela imprisoned by the white government in South Africa for opposing the 
apartheid regime in his country. 
Answer 4 
Sex ratio is the number of females per 1000 males in the population. Kerala has the highest 
sex ratio in the country. 
 
Answer 5 
Education and health are the two major sources of human capital.  
OR 
Tertiary sector is the sector of economy which provide services to the primary and 
secondary sectors. These services include banking, transport and communication. 
 
 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
Answer 6 
The President of India appoints the Chief Election Commissioner.  
 
Answer 7 
Impeachment is a process by which the President, Chief Justice and judges of the country 
can be removed from office. It requires two-thirds majority of both Houses of Parliament. 
 
SECTION B 
Answer 8 
Karl Marx was a social thinker who believed in the principle of socialism. He argued that 
the industrialists and capitalists who own the factors of production earn profits because of 
the hardwork put in by workers. The capitalists pocket the profits and do not share it 
among workers. Marx advocated that the working class will remain poor and their 
condition will not improve until and unless profits are shared by industrialists. 
He believed that industrialists will not readily share their profits with workers. The latter 
thus have to free themselves from the exploitation of industrialists by establishing a radical 
socialist classless society where all industries and property are owned by the state. 
OR 
Yes, I agree that one of the groups that looked forward to change the society were of the 
liberals. It is because of the following reasons: 
? Liberals wanted a nation where people were not discriminated on their religious 
affiliations. 
? Liberals also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers. They wanted to 
safeguard the rights of individuals against governments. 
? They argued for a representative, elected parliamentary government, which governed 
the people according to laws interpreted judiciary that was independent of rulers and 
officials. 
Answer 9 
Triangular slave trade was conducted between Europe, Africa and the Americas. Since the 
17
th
 century, French merchants travelled from the ports of Bordeaux and Nantes to Africa 
where they bought slaves from the local chieftains. From there, the slaves were branded, 
shackled and sent off to the Caribbean to be sold off to plantation owners. Such exploitation 
of slaves from Africa made it possible for the European markets to flourish with 
commodities such as sugar, indigo and coffee. 
OR 
The eighteenth century Europe witnessed the emergence of the middle class. People 
belonging to the middle class consisted of merchants, bankers, traders, lawyers, teachers 
etc. The middle class impacted the political and economic condition of pre-revolutionary 
France in the following ways: 
? The people of middle class were educated and believed that no group in society should 
be privileged by birth. Rather, a person’s social position must depend on his merit. 
? These ideas envisaging a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities 
for all, were put forward by philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques 
Rousseau. 
? The people of middle class discussed these ideas intensively in salons and coffee-
houses and spread among people through books and newspapers. They began to 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
oppose the system of privileges enjoyed by the embers of the first estate and wanted 
political equality for all.  
 
Answer 10 
In India, the subnormal and abnormal activities of the monsoon affecting the seasonal 
pattern of rainfall are known as the vagaries of monsoon. It is caused by the early arrival or 
late withdrawal of rainfall which ruin the crops leading to slowdown of the economy. The 
monsoon in India is erratic and irregular. So, while the copious rainfall in some years may 
cause floods and destroy crops, large deficits in rainfall cause droughts and crop failure 
during some other years. For example, while it rains heavily in one part of the country 
(such as Assam) leading to floods, other parts of the country may experience drought at the 
same time. 
OR 
El Nino is a feature connected to Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It is a climatic pattern. It 
occurs when water in the Pacific Ocean near the Equator gets hotter than usual. El Nino 
climatic conditions take place every few years and they are unpredictable. This is caused 
largely by the Peruvian current which starts flowing during Christmas. Weather to a large 
extent depends upon ocean temperatures. Warm ocean results in making more clouds and 
hence more rainfall in the near-by areas. 
In El Nino conditions, the trade winds weaken or even blow in an opposite direction. Warm 
water starts collecting near the west coast of South America and cold water remains deep 
in an ocean. El Nino causes excessive rainfall in one part of the world and droughts in other 
areas. 
 
Answer 11 
Differences between the Cabinet and the Council of Ministers: 
Cabinet Council of Ministers 
It is a smaller group consisting of senior 
members which hold important 
portfolios. 
They consist of all categories of 
ministers—Cabinet ministers, Ministers 
of State and Deputy Ministers. 
They are the most trusted and consulted 
colleagues of the Prime Minister. He 
asks their advice on important matters. 
The decisions of the Cabinet are binding 
on all ministers. 
The prime Minister may or may not 
consult these ministers for making 
important decisions. 
They advise the President through the 
Prime Minister in day-to-day 
governance of the country. 
Although the Council of Ministers advises 
the President, in reality, it is the Cabinet 
which advises the President and the 
latter acts on their advice. 
 
Answer 12 
Yes, democracy is a better and a preferable form of governance because of the following 
reasons: 
? In a democracy, the leaders are elected by the people of the country. Thus, they 
represent the wishes and aspirations of the people of the nation. 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
? Democracy is based on equality and rule of law where all citizens are treated without 
any discrimination based on caste, class, colour or gender. 
? A democratic government is a better government because it is a more accountable 
form of government as leaders of the country have to attend to the needs of the 
people.  
OR 
No, Pakistan under President Pervez Musharaff was not a democracy. It was because of the 
following reasons: 
? General Pervez Musharaff led a military coup and overthrew a democratically elected 
government in Pakistan. Later, he changed his designation to President and in the 
year 2000 held a referendum in the country granting himself a five year extension. 
This referendum was based on malpractices and fraud.  
? In August 2002, he issued a ‘Legal Framework Order’ that made some changes to the 
constitution of Pakistan. This amendment gave wide powers to the President.  
? The work of the civilian cabinet was supervised by a National Security Council which 
was dominated by military officers. Though elected representatives had some powers, 
the final decision making power rested with Musahraff.  
Thus, all powers were vested in Pervez Musharaff. He followed several unconstitutional 
measures to make himself a powerful authority. 
                            
Answer 13 
Modern farming methods require a great deal of capital, so the small farmers face 
more difficulties in arranging capital in comparison with medium and large farmers.  
Most of the small farmers have to borrow money from large farmers or the village 
money lenders or the traders who supply various inputs for cultivation. The rate of interest 
charged by them on such loans is very high. This put the small farmers in great distress to 
repay the loans. Small farmers get trapped into debt cycle and often have to sell their lands. 
Unlike small farmers, medium and large farmers have their own savings from farming. 
They sell surplus crops and earn more income. This income is utilised by them in arranging 
capital for next season of production.  
 
Answer 14 
Tropical evergreen forests are found in the equatorial regions receiving more than 200 
cm of rainfall. 
The thorn forests are found in regions which receive less than 70 cm of rainfall. 
Monsoon deciduous forests are generally found in regions experiencing monsoon type of 
climate receiving rainfall between 70 cm and 200 cm. 
 
Answer 15 
The Right to Constitutional Remedies guaranteed by the Constitution of India include: 
? Article 32 of the Constitution of India guarantees the Right to Constitutional Remedies 
to Indian citizens. This right allows citizens to move the Supreme Court for the 
enforcement of the other Fundamental Rights guaranteed to them by the Constitution. 
Because of its importance, Dr Ambedkar had called Article 32 as the ‘heart and soul of 
the Constitution’. 
? Under this article, the Supreme Court and the High Courts can issue writs for the 
enforcement of Fundamental Rights. A writ is a formal written order, issued by the 
  
 
CBSE IX |  Social Science 
Sample Paper -1  
 
  
Supreme Court and the High Courts to provide legal remedies to individuals who do 
not obtain adequate protection under ordinary laws. 
 
Answer 16 
The poverty level increases with a rise in the number of unemployed people. Because of 
unemployment, the number of dependents on the working population is increasing and as 
a result, per head consumption expenditure is declining and a vast majority of people live 
in poverty. Unemployment figures state that only the number of people eligible to work 
(who have no job) seek employment, but these figures are not necessarily an accurate 
indicator of the number of people living under the poverty line. Other sections of the 
people may not be able to find enough work or may earn low wages to lead their lives. 
OR 
Social exclusion is a process through which individuals or groups are excluded from 
facilities, benefits and opportunities that others (their “betters”) enjoy. People living below 
the poverty line experience social exclusion because they live only in a poor surrounding 
with other poor people. They do not enjoy the benefits of quality education and health care 
facilities. They live in unhygienic surroundings while people with good fortune enjoy 
quality education, healthcare facilities and clean and better surroundings.  
Answer 17 
Land is fixed in palampur. It means that the total supply of land cannot be increased or 
decreased. Land is the backbone for farming in Palampur. About 75% of the people are 
dependent on farming for their livelihood. Since 1960, there has been no expansion of land 
area under cultivation. And also, there is no scope to increase farm production. Hence, land 
is fixed for farming in Palampur. 
OR 
Different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land are: 
Multiple cropping: Multiple cropping refers to growing two or more crops on a given 
piece of land. Indian farmers should grow at least two main crops in a year. There have 
been instances of farmers even growing a third crop on a piece of land.  
Use of modern technology: farmers should use modern methods to increase production 
in their lands. Use of tube wells and modern machines for ploughing, threshing and 
harvesting increase land’s productivity.  
Use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides: Fertilisers should be used to increase the 
productivity of soil. Regular use of pesticides and insecticides further protect the crop from 
pests and insects. 
 
Answer 18 
Three reasons which prove that elections in India are democratic: 
? Elections in India are conducted and supervised by the Election Commission in India. It 
is a powerful and an independent body which supervises the electoral procedure in the 
country. It may punish a candidate for violating the code of conduct and prevent the 
misuse of the government’s power to win elections. 
? In India, free and fair elections are held under the supervision of the Election 
Commission. If the Commission finds that polling was not fair in a constituency, the 
Election Commission can order fresh polling. 
? In India, people give importance to voting during elections as they believe that they 
can influence the governance of the country by voting in favour or against a party or a 
candidate.