NCERT Textbook - सावित्री बाई फुले | NCERT Textbooks & Solutions for Class 8 PDF Download

 Page 1


lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
¹f'k{kk gekjk vf/dkj gSA gekjs lekt eas dbZ leqnk; blls yEcs le; rd of×pr
jgs gSaA mUgsa bl vf/dkj dks ikus osQ fy, yEck la?k"kZ djuk iM+k gSA yM+fd;ksa dks
rks vkSj T;knk vojks/ >syuk iM+rk jgk gSA izLrqr ikB bl la?k"kZ dk usr`Ro djus
okyh izkr% Lej.kh; ,oe~ vuqdj.kh; efgyk f'kjksef.k lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys osQ ;ksxnku
ij osQfUnzr gSAº
mifj fufeZra fp=ka i';rA bna fp=ka dL;kf'pr~ ikB'kkyk;k% orZrsA b;a lkekU;k
ikB'kkyk ukfLrA b;efLr egkjk"VªL; izFkek dU;kikB'kkykA ,dk f'kf{kdk x`gkr~
iqLrdkfu vknk; pyfrA ekxsZ df'pr~ rL;k% mifj /wfya df'pr~ p izLrj[k.Mku~
,dkn'k% ikB%
2024-25
Page 2


lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
¹f'k{kk gekjk vf/dkj gSA gekjs lekt eas dbZ leqnk; blls yEcs le; rd of×pr
jgs gSaA mUgsa bl vf/dkj dks ikus osQ fy, yEck la?k"kZ djuk iM+k gSA yM+fd;ksa dks
rks vkSj T;knk vojks/ >syuk iM+rk jgk gSA izLrqr ikB bl la?k"kZ dk usr`Ro djus
okyh izkr% Lej.kh; ,oe~ vuqdj.kh; efgyk f'kjksef.k lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys osQ ;ksxnku
ij osQfUnzr gSAº
mifj fufeZra fp=ka i';rA bna fp=ka dL;kf'pr~ ikB'kkyk;k% orZrsA b;a lkekU;k
ikB'kkyk ukfLrA b;efLr egkjk"VªL; izFkek dU;kikB'kkykA ,dk f'kf{kdk x`gkr~
iqLrdkfu vknk; pyfrA ekxsZ df'pr~ rL;k% mifj /wfya df'pr~ p izLrj[k.Mku~
,dkn'k% ikB%
2024-25
77
lkfo=kh
ckbZ iqQys
f{kifrA ija lk Lon`<fu'p;kr~ u fopyfrA Lofo|ky;s dU;kfHk% lfouksne~ vkyiUrh
lk vè;kius layXuk HkofrA rL;k% Lodh;e~ vè;;uefi lgSo izpyfrA osQ;a
efgyk\ vfi ;w;feeka efgyka tkuhFk\ b;eso
egkjk"VªL; izFkek efgyk f'kf{kdk lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
ukeèks;kA
tuojh eklL; r`rh;s fnols ûøýû res f[kzLrkCns
egkjk"VªL; uk;xkao&ukfEu LFkkus lkfo=kh vtk;rA
rL;k% ekrk y{ehckbZ firk p [k.Mksth bfr vfHkfgrkSA
uoo"kZns'kh;k lk T;ksfrck&iqQys&egksn;su ifj.khrkA
lks¿fi rnkuha =k;ksn'ko"kZdYi% ,o vklhr~A ;rksfg
l% L=khf'k{kk;k% izcy% leFkZd% vklhr~ vr%
lkfo=;k% eufl fLFkrk vè;;ukfHkyk"kk mRlkga
izkIrorhA br% ija lk lkxzge~ vkÄ~XyHkk"kk;k vfi vè;;ua ÑrorhA
ûøþø res f–LrkCns iq.ksuxjs lkfo=kh T;ksfrckegksn;su lg dU;kuka o`Qrs izns'kL;
izFkea fo|ky;e~ vkjHkrA rnkuha lk osQoya lIrn'ko"khZ;k vklhr~A ûøÿû res f[kzLrkCns
vLi`';Rokr~ frjLÑrL; leqnk;L; ckfydkuka o`Qrs i`Fko~Qr;k r;k vij% fo|ky;%
izkjC/%A
lkekftdoqQjhrhuka lkfo=kh eq[kja fojks/e~ vdjksr~A fo/okuka f'kjkseq.MuL;
fujkdj.kk; lk lk{kkr~ ukfirS% fefyrkA iQyr% osQpu ukfirk% vL;ka :<kS lgHkkfxrke~
vR;tu~A ,dnk lkfo=;k ekxsZ n`"Va ;r~ owQia fud"kk 'kh.kZoL=kko`rk% rFkkdfFkrk%
fuEutkrh;k% dkf'pr~ uk;Z% tya ikrqa ;kpUrs LeA mPpoxhZ;k% migkla oqQoZUR;%
owQikr~ tyksn~/j.ke~ vokj;u~A lkfo=kh ,rr~ viekua lks<qa uk'kDuksr~A lk rk% fL=k;%
fut{ks=ka uhrorhA r=k rMkxa n'kZf;Rok vdFk;r~ p ;r~ ;Fks"Va tya u;rA lkoZtfudks¿;a
rMkx%A vLekr~ tyxzg.ks ukfLr tkfrcUèkue~A r;k euq";k.kka lekurk;k% LorU=krk;k'p
i{k% loZnk loZFkk lefFkZr%A
2024-25
Page 3


lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
¹f'k{kk gekjk vf/dkj gSA gekjs lekt eas dbZ leqnk; blls yEcs le; rd of×pr
jgs gSaA mUgsa bl vf/dkj dks ikus osQ fy, yEck la?k"kZ djuk iM+k gSA yM+fd;ksa dks
rks vkSj T;knk vojks/ >syuk iM+rk jgk gSA izLrqr ikB bl la?k"kZ dk usr`Ro djus
okyh izkr% Lej.kh; ,oe~ vuqdj.kh; efgyk f'kjksef.k lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys osQ ;ksxnku
ij osQfUnzr gSAº
mifj fufeZra fp=ka i';rA bna fp=ka dL;kf'pr~ ikB'kkyk;k% orZrsA b;a lkekU;k
ikB'kkyk ukfLrA b;efLr egkjk"VªL; izFkek dU;kikB'kkykA ,dk f'kf{kdk x`gkr~
iqLrdkfu vknk; pyfrA ekxsZ df'pr~ rL;k% mifj /wfya df'pr~ p izLrj[k.Mku~
,dkn'k% ikB%
2024-25
77
lkfo=kh
ckbZ iqQys
f{kifrA ija lk Lon`<fu'p;kr~ u fopyfrA Lofo|ky;s dU;kfHk% lfouksne~ vkyiUrh
lk vè;kius layXuk HkofrA rL;k% Lodh;e~ vè;;uefi lgSo izpyfrA osQ;a
efgyk\ vfi ;w;feeka efgyka tkuhFk\ b;eso
egkjk"VªL; izFkek efgyk f'kf{kdk lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
ukeèks;kA
tuojh eklL; r`rh;s fnols ûøýû res f[kzLrkCns
egkjk"VªL; uk;xkao&ukfEu LFkkus lkfo=kh vtk;rA
rL;k% ekrk y{ehckbZ firk p [k.Mksth bfr vfHkfgrkSA
uoo"kZns'kh;k lk T;ksfrck&iqQys&egksn;su ifj.khrkA
lks¿fi rnkuha =k;ksn'ko"kZdYi% ,o vklhr~A ;rksfg
l% L=khf'k{kk;k% izcy% leFkZd% vklhr~ vr%
lkfo=;k% eufl fLFkrk vè;;ukfHkyk"kk mRlkga
izkIrorhA br% ija lk lkxzge~ vkÄ~XyHkk"kk;k vfi vè;;ua ÑrorhA
ûøþø res f–LrkCns iq.ksuxjs lkfo=kh T;ksfrckegksn;su lg dU;kuka o`Qrs izns'kL;
izFkea fo|ky;e~ vkjHkrA rnkuha lk osQoya lIrn'ko"khZ;k vklhr~A ûøÿû res f[kzLrkCns
vLi`';Rokr~ frjLÑrL; leqnk;L; ckfydkuka o`Qrs i`Fko~Qr;k r;k vij% fo|ky;%
izkjC/%A
lkekftdoqQjhrhuka lkfo=kh eq[kja fojks/e~ vdjksr~A fo/okuka f'kjkseq.MuL;
fujkdj.kk; lk lk{kkr~ ukfirS% fefyrkA iQyr% osQpu ukfirk% vL;ka :<kS lgHkkfxrke~
vR;tu~A ,dnk lkfo=;k ekxsZ n`"Va ;r~ owQia fud"kk 'kh.kZoL=kko`rk% rFkkdfFkrk%
fuEutkrh;k% dkf'pr~ uk;Z% tya ikrqa ;kpUrs LeA mPpoxhZ;k% migkla oqQoZUR;%
owQikr~ tyksn~/j.ke~ vokj;u~A lkfo=kh ,rr~ viekua lks<qa uk'kDuksr~A lk rk% fL=k;%
fut{ks=ka uhrorhA r=k rMkxa n'kZf;Rok vdFk;r~ p ;r~ ;Fks"Va tya u;rA lkoZtfudks¿;a
rMkx%A vLekr~ tyxzg.ks ukfLr tkfrcUèkue~A r;k euq";k.kka lekurk;k% LorU=krk;k'p
i{k% loZnk loZFkk lefFkZr%A
2024-25
78
#fpjk
r`rh;ks Hkkx%
'kCnkFkkZ%
^efgyk lsoke.My* ^f'k'kqgR;kizfrcU/dx`ge~* bR;knhuka laLFkkuka LFkkiuk;ka
iqQysnEiR;ks% vonkua egÙoiw.kZe~A lR;'kks/de.MyL; xfrfofèk"kq vfi lkfo=kh vrho
lfØ;k vklhr~A vL; e.MyL; mís';e~ vklhr~ mRihfMrkuka leqnk;kuka Lokf/
dkjku~ izfr tkxj.ke~ bfrA
lkfo=kh vusdk% laLFkk% iz'kkludkS'kysu l×pkfyrorhA nqfHkZ{kdkys Iysx&dkys
p lk ihfMrtukuke~ vJkUre~ vfojra p lsoke~ vdjksr~A lgk;rk& lkexzh&O;oLFkk;S
loZFkk iz;kle~ vdjksr~A egkjksxizlkjdkys lsokjrk lk Lo;e~ vlkè;jksxs.k xzLrk ûøù÷
res f–LrkCns fnoÄõrkA
lkfgR;jpu;k vfi lkfo=kh egh;rsA rL;k% dkO;lÄïyu};a orZrs ^dkO;iqQys*
^lqcksèkjRukdj* psfrA Hkkjrns'ks efgyksRFkkuL; xgukocks/k; lkfo=khegksn;k;k%
thoupfjre~ vo';e~ vè;srO;e~A
vknk; & ysdj
izLrj[k.Mku~ & iRFkj osQ VqdM+ksa dks
lfouksne~ & g¡lh etkd osQ lkFk
vkyiUrh & ckr djrh gqbZ
vtk;r & iSnk gqbZ
vfHkfgrkS & dgs x;s gSa
ifj.khrk & C;kgh x;h
vLi`';r;k & NqvkNwr osQ dkj.k
2024-25
Page 4


lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
¹f'k{kk gekjk vf/dkj gSA gekjs lekt eas dbZ leqnk; blls yEcs le; rd of×pr
jgs gSaA mUgsa bl vf/dkj dks ikus osQ fy, yEck la?k"kZ djuk iM+k gSA yM+fd;ksa dks
rks vkSj T;knk vojks/ >syuk iM+rk jgk gSA izLrqr ikB bl la?k"kZ dk usr`Ro djus
okyh izkr% Lej.kh; ,oe~ vuqdj.kh; efgyk f'kjksef.k lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys osQ ;ksxnku
ij osQfUnzr gSAº
mifj fufeZra fp=ka i';rA bna fp=ka dL;kf'pr~ ikB'kkyk;k% orZrsA b;a lkekU;k
ikB'kkyk ukfLrA b;efLr egkjk"VªL; izFkek dU;kikB'kkykA ,dk f'kf{kdk x`gkr~
iqLrdkfu vknk; pyfrA ekxsZ df'pr~ rL;k% mifj /wfya df'pr~ p izLrj[k.Mku~
,dkn'k% ikB%
2024-25
77
lkfo=kh
ckbZ iqQys
f{kifrA ija lk Lon`<fu'p;kr~ u fopyfrA Lofo|ky;s dU;kfHk% lfouksne~ vkyiUrh
lk vè;kius layXuk HkofrA rL;k% Lodh;e~ vè;;uefi lgSo izpyfrA osQ;a
efgyk\ vfi ;w;feeka efgyka tkuhFk\ b;eso
egkjk"VªL; izFkek efgyk f'kf{kdk lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
ukeèks;kA
tuojh eklL; r`rh;s fnols ûøýû res f[kzLrkCns
egkjk"VªL; uk;xkao&ukfEu LFkkus lkfo=kh vtk;rA
rL;k% ekrk y{ehckbZ firk p [k.Mksth bfr vfHkfgrkSA
uoo"kZns'kh;k lk T;ksfrck&iqQys&egksn;su ifj.khrkA
lks¿fi rnkuha =k;ksn'ko"kZdYi% ,o vklhr~A ;rksfg
l% L=khf'k{kk;k% izcy% leFkZd% vklhr~ vr%
lkfo=;k% eufl fLFkrk vè;;ukfHkyk"kk mRlkga
izkIrorhA br% ija lk lkxzge~ vkÄ~XyHkk"kk;k vfi vè;;ua ÑrorhA
ûøþø res f–LrkCns iq.ksuxjs lkfo=kh T;ksfrckegksn;su lg dU;kuka o`Qrs izns'kL;
izFkea fo|ky;e~ vkjHkrA rnkuha lk osQoya lIrn'ko"khZ;k vklhr~A ûøÿû res f[kzLrkCns
vLi`';Rokr~ frjLÑrL; leqnk;L; ckfydkuka o`Qrs i`Fko~Qr;k r;k vij% fo|ky;%
izkjC/%A
lkekftdoqQjhrhuka lkfo=kh eq[kja fojks/e~ vdjksr~A fo/okuka f'kjkseq.MuL;
fujkdj.kk; lk lk{kkr~ ukfirS% fefyrkA iQyr% osQpu ukfirk% vL;ka :<kS lgHkkfxrke~
vR;tu~A ,dnk lkfo=;k ekxsZ n`"Va ;r~ owQia fud"kk 'kh.kZoL=kko`rk% rFkkdfFkrk%
fuEutkrh;k% dkf'pr~ uk;Z% tya ikrqa ;kpUrs LeA mPpoxhZ;k% migkla oqQoZUR;%
owQikr~ tyksn~/j.ke~ vokj;u~A lkfo=kh ,rr~ viekua lks<qa uk'kDuksr~A lk rk% fL=k;%
fut{ks=ka uhrorhA r=k rMkxa n'kZf;Rok vdFk;r~ p ;r~ ;Fks"Va tya u;rA lkoZtfudks¿;a
rMkx%A vLekr~ tyxzg.ks ukfLr tkfrcUèkue~A r;k euq";k.kka lekurk;k% LorU=krk;k'p
i{k% loZnk loZFkk lefFkZr%A
2024-25
78
#fpjk
r`rh;ks Hkkx%
'kCnkFkkZ%
^efgyk lsoke.My* ^f'k'kqgR;kizfrcU/dx`ge~* bR;knhuka laLFkkuka LFkkiuk;ka
iqQysnEiR;ks% vonkua egÙoiw.kZe~A lR;'kks/de.MyL; xfrfofèk"kq vfi lkfo=kh vrho
lfØ;k vklhr~A vL; e.MyL; mís';e~ vklhr~ mRihfMrkuka leqnk;kuka Lokf/
dkjku~ izfr tkxj.ke~ bfrA
lkfo=kh vusdk% laLFkk% iz'kkludkS'kysu l×pkfyrorhA nqfHkZ{kdkys Iysx&dkys
p lk ihfMrtukuke~ vJkUre~ vfojra p lsoke~ vdjksr~A lgk;rk& lkexzh&O;oLFkk;S
loZFkk iz;kle~ vdjksr~A egkjksxizlkjdkys lsokjrk lk Lo;e~ vlkè;jksxs.k xzLrk ûøù÷
res f–LrkCns fnoÄõrkA
lkfgR;jpu;k vfi lkfo=kh egh;rsA rL;k% dkO;lÄïyu};a orZrs ^dkO;iqQys*
^lqcksèkjRukdj* psfrA Hkkjrns'ks efgyksRFkkuL; xgukocks/k; lkfo=khegksn;k;k%
thoupfjre~ vo';e~ vè;srO;e~A
vknk; & ysdj
izLrj[k.Mku~ & iRFkj osQ VqdM+ksa dks
lfouksne~ & g¡lh etkd osQ lkFk
vkyiUrh & ckr djrh gqbZ
vtk;r & iSnk gqbZ
vfHkfgrkS & dgs x;s gSa
ifj.khrk & C;kgh x;h
vLi`';r;k & NqvkNwr osQ dkj.k
2024-25
79
lkfo=kh
ckbZ iqQys
izkjC/% & vkjEHk fd;k
fujkdj.kk; & nwj djus osQ fy,
:<kS & :f<+ esa] fjokt esa
'kh.kZoL=kko`rk% & iQVs&iqjkus] fpFkM+s oL=kksa dks /kj.k
djrh gqbZ
ikrqe~ & ihus osQ fy,
lks<qe~ & lgus esa
mRihfMrkuke~ & lrk, gqvksa dk
vJkUre~ & fcuk FkosQ gq,
egh;rs & c<+&p<+dj gSa
xgukocks/k; & xgjkbZ ls le>us osQ fy,
(xgu$vocks/k;)
1- ,dinsu mÙkjr&
(d) dhn`'khuka oqQjhrhuka lkfo=kh eq[kja fojks/e~ vdjksr~\
([k) osQ owQikr~ tyksn~/j.ke~ vokj;u~\
(x) dk Lon`<fu'p;kr~ u fopyfr\
(?k) fo/okuka f'kjkseq.MuL; fujkdj.kk; lk oSQ% fefyrk\
(Ä) lk dklka Ñrs izns'kL; izFkea fo|ky;e~ vkjHkr\
vH;kl%
2024-25
Page 5


lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
¹f'k{kk gekjk vf/dkj gSA gekjs lekt eas dbZ leqnk; blls yEcs le; rd of×pr
jgs gSaA mUgsa bl vf/dkj dks ikus osQ fy, yEck la?k"kZ djuk iM+k gSA yM+fd;ksa dks
rks vkSj T;knk vojks/ >syuk iM+rk jgk gSA izLrqr ikB bl la?k"kZ dk usr`Ro djus
okyh izkr% Lej.kh; ,oe~ vuqdj.kh; efgyk f'kjksef.k lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys osQ ;ksxnku
ij osQfUnzr gSAº
mifj fufeZra fp=ka i';rA bna fp=ka dL;kf'pr~ ikB'kkyk;k% orZrsA b;a lkekU;k
ikB'kkyk ukfLrA b;efLr egkjk"VªL; izFkek dU;kikB'kkykA ,dk f'kf{kdk x`gkr~
iqLrdkfu vknk; pyfrA ekxsZ df'pr~ rL;k% mifj /wfya df'pr~ p izLrj[k.Mku~
,dkn'k% ikB%
2024-25
77
lkfo=kh
ckbZ iqQys
f{kifrA ija lk Lon`<fu'p;kr~ u fopyfrA Lofo|ky;s dU;kfHk% lfouksne~ vkyiUrh
lk vè;kius layXuk HkofrA rL;k% Lodh;e~ vè;;uefi lgSo izpyfrA osQ;a
efgyk\ vfi ;w;feeka efgyka tkuhFk\ b;eso
egkjk"VªL; izFkek efgyk f'kf{kdk lkfo=kh ckbZ iqQys
ukeèks;kA
tuojh eklL; r`rh;s fnols ûøýû res f[kzLrkCns
egkjk"VªL; uk;xkao&ukfEu LFkkus lkfo=kh vtk;rA
rL;k% ekrk y{ehckbZ firk p [k.Mksth bfr vfHkfgrkSA
uoo"kZns'kh;k lk T;ksfrck&iqQys&egksn;su ifj.khrkA
lks¿fi rnkuha =k;ksn'ko"kZdYi% ,o vklhr~A ;rksfg
l% L=khf'k{kk;k% izcy% leFkZd% vklhr~ vr%
lkfo=;k% eufl fLFkrk vè;;ukfHkyk"kk mRlkga
izkIrorhA br% ija lk lkxzge~ vkÄ~XyHkk"kk;k vfi vè;;ua ÑrorhA
ûøþø res f–LrkCns iq.ksuxjs lkfo=kh T;ksfrckegksn;su lg dU;kuka o`Qrs izns'kL;
izFkea fo|ky;e~ vkjHkrA rnkuha lk osQoya lIrn'ko"khZ;k vklhr~A ûøÿû res f[kzLrkCns
vLi`';Rokr~ frjLÑrL; leqnk;L; ckfydkuka o`Qrs i`Fko~Qr;k r;k vij% fo|ky;%
izkjC/%A
lkekftdoqQjhrhuka lkfo=kh eq[kja fojks/e~ vdjksr~A fo/okuka f'kjkseq.MuL;
fujkdj.kk; lk lk{kkr~ ukfirS% fefyrkA iQyr% osQpu ukfirk% vL;ka :<kS lgHkkfxrke~
vR;tu~A ,dnk lkfo=;k ekxsZ n`"Va ;r~ owQia fud"kk 'kh.kZoL=kko`rk% rFkkdfFkrk%
fuEutkrh;k% dkf'pr~ uk;Z% tya ikrqa ;kpUrs LeA mPpoxhZ;k% migkla oqQoZUR;%
owQikr~ tyksn~/j.ke~ vokj;u~A lkfo=kh ,rr~ viekua lks<qa uk'kDuksr~A lk rk% fL=k;%
fut{ks=ka uhrorhA r=k rMkxa n'kZf;Rok vdFk;r~ p ;r~ ;Fks"Va tya u;rA lkoZtfudks¿;a
rMkx%A vLekr~ tyxzg.ks ukfLr tkfrcUèkue~A r;k euq";k.kka lekurk;k% LorU=krk;k'p
i{k% loZnk loZFkk lefFkZr%A
2024-25
78
#fpjk
r`rh;ks Hkkx%
'kCnkFkkZ%
^efgyk lsoke.My* ^f'k'kqgR;kizfrcU/dx`ge~* bR;knhuka laLFkkuka LFkkiuk;ka
iqQysnEiR;ks% vonkua egÙoiw.kZe~A lR;'kks/de.MyL; xfrfofèk"kq vfi lkfo=kh vrho
lfØ;k vklhr~A vL; e.MyL; mís';e~ vklhr~ mRihfMrkuka leqnk;kuka Lokf/
dkjku~ izfr tkxj.ke~ bfrA
lkfo=kh vusdk% laLFkk% iz'kkludkS'kysu l×pkfyrorhA nqfHkZ{kdkys Iysx&dkys
p lk ihfMrtukuke~ vJkUre~ vfojra p lsoke~ vdjksr~A lgk;rk& lkexzh&O;oLFkk;S
loZFkk iz;kle~ vdjksr~A egkjksxizlkjdkys lsokjrk lk Lo;e~ vlkè;jksxs.k xzLrk ûøù÷
res f–LrkCns fnoÄõrkA
lkfgR;jpu;k vfi lkfo=kh egh;rsA rL;k% dkO;lÄïyu};a orZrs ^dkO;iqQys*
^lqcksèkjRukdj* psfrA Hkkjrns'ks efgyksRFkkuL; xgukocks/k; lkfo=khegksn;k;k%
thoupfjre~ vo';e~ vè;srO;e~A
vknk; & ysdj
izLrj[k.Mku~ & iRFkj osQ VqdM+ksa dks
lfouksne~ & g¡lh etkd osQ lkFk
vkyiUrh & ckr djrh gqbZ
vtk;r & iSnk gqbZ
vfHkfgrkS & dgs x;s gSa
ifj.khrk & C;kgh x;h
vLi`';r;k & NqvkNwr osQ dkj.k
2024-25
79
lkfo=kh
ckbZ iqQys
izkjC/% & vkjEHk fd;k
fujkdj.kk; & nwj djus osQ fy,
:<kS & :f<+ esa] fjokt esa
'kh.kZoL=kko`rk% & iQVs&iqjkus] fpFkM+s oL=kksa dks /kj.k
djrh gqbZ
ikrqe~ & ihus osQ fy,
lks<qe~ & lgus esa
mRihfMrkuke~ & lrk, gqvksa dk
vJkUre~ & fcuk FkosQ gq,
egh;rs & c<+&p<+dj gSa
xgukocks/k; & xgjkbZ ls le>us osQ fy,
(xgu$vocks/k;)
1- ,dinsu mÙkjr&
(d) dhn`'khuka oqQjhrhuka lkfo=kh eq[kja fojks/e~ vdjksr~\
([k) osQ owQikr~ tyksn~/j.ke~ vokj;u~\
(x) dk Lon`<fu'p;kr~ u fopyfr\
(?k) fo/okuka f'kjkseq.MuL; fujkdj.kk; lk oSQ% fefyrk\
(Ä) lk dklka Ñrs izns'kL; izFkea fo|ky;e~ vkjHkr\
vH;kl%
2024-25
80
#fpjk
r`rh;ks Hkkx%
2- iw.kZokD;su mÙkjr&
(d) foaQ foaQ lgekuk lkfo=khckbZ Lon`<fu'p;kr~ u fopyfr\
([k) lkfo=khckbZiqQysegksn;k;k% fi=kks% uke fdeklhr~\
(x) fookgkuUrjefi lkfo=;k% eufl vè;;ukfHkyk"kk dFke~ mRlkga izkIrorh\
(?k) tya ikrqa fuok;Zek.kk% ukjh% lk oqQ=k uhrorh fd×pkdFk;r~\
(Ä) dklka laLFkkuka LFkkiuk;ka iqQysnEiR;ks% vonkua egÙoiw.kZe~\
(p) lR;'kks/de.MyL; mís';a fdeklhr~\
(N) rL;k% };ks% dkO;lÄïyu;ks% ukeuh osQ\
3- js[kkfÄïrinkfu vf/ÑR; iz'ufuekZ.ka oqQjQr&
(d) lkfo=khckbZ] dU;kfHk% lfouksne~ vkyiUrh vè;kius layXuk Hkofr LeA
([k)lk egkjk"VªL; izFkek efgyk f'kf{kdk vklhr~A
(x) lk Loifruk lg dU;kuka Ñrs izns'kL; izFkea fo|ky;e~ vkjHkrA
(?k) r;k euq";k.kka lekurk;k% LorU=krk;k'p i{k% loZnk lefFkZr%A
(Ä) lkfgR;jpu;k vfi lkfo=kh egh;rsA
4- ;FkkfunsZ'keqÙkjr&
(d) bna fp=ka ikB'kkyk;k% orZrs& v=k ^orZrs* bfr fØ;kinL; dr`Zina fde~\
([k) rL;k% Lodh;e~ vè;;uefi lgSo izpyfr & vfLeu~ okD;s fo'ks";ina fde~\
(x) vfi ;w;feeka efgyka tkuhFk& vfLeu~ okD;s ^;w;e~* bfr ina osQH;% iz;qDÙke~\
(?k) lk rk% fL=k;% futx`ga uhrorh & vfLeu~ okD;s ^lk* bfr loZukeina dL;S
iz;qDre~\
(Ä) 'kh.kZoL=kko`rk% rFkkdfFkrk% fuEutkrh;k% dkf'pr~ uk;Z% tya ikrqa ;kpUrs
Le & v=k ^uk;Z%* bfr inL; fo'ks"k.kinkfu dfr lfUr] dkfu p bfr
fy[kr\
2024-25