Objective & Definitions - Trade Union Act(1926), Industrial Laws | Industrial Laws - B Com PDF Download

OBJECTIVES OF THE TRADE UNIONS ACT

According to Sidney and Webb, trade union is a continuous association of wage earner for the purpose of maintaining and improving the conditions of their working lives. The origin of The Trade Unions Act, 1926 is beginning for the labour unrest dating back to 1877. The setting up of large scale industries creates exploitative tendencies in the mind of the employers which increase the demand for protecting the rights of the workers. The passing of The Trade Unions Act, 1926 is the results of formal recognition to the workers’ right to organize. The main objectives of the Act are,
1. To promote both individual and collective welfare.
2. To secures the payment of salaries, wages, allowances etc of the workers.
3. To secures the employment of the workers.
4. To protects the working condition of the workers.
5. To secure the opportunities related to the promotion of the workers.
6. To enlarges the training opportunities. 
7. To assists in collective bargaining to protect the interest of the workers.
8. To help the workers in introducing themselves in participatory movement in the different discussion of the management of the organization.
9. To help in providing the educational, recreational and cultural facilities.
10. To identify the different roles and responsibilities of the workers in the industry.

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The origin of trade unionism in India can be traced back to the year 1890 when for the first time an association of mill workers was formed for the redressal of grievances of the Bombay mill workers.

IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS

Under section 2 different terms which are used in The Trade Unions Act, 1926. 
In this Act “Appropriate Government” means in relation to Trade Unions whose objects are not confined to one State, the Central Government, and in relation to other Trade Unions State Government and, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context—
(a) "Executive" means the body, by whatever name called to which the management of the affairs of a Trade Union is entrusted;
(d) "Registered office" means that office of a Trade Union which is registered under this Act as the Head office thereof.
(e) "Registered Trade Union" means a Trade Union registered under this Act;
(f) "Registrar" means:
(i) A Registrar of Trade Unions appointed by the appropriate Government under section 3, and includes an additional or Deputy Registrar of Trade Unions; and 
(ii) In relation to any Trade Union, the Registrar appointed for the State in which the head or registered office, as the case may be, of the Trade Union is situated; 
(g) "Trade dispute" means any dispute between employers and workmen or between workmen and workmen, or between employers and employers which is connected with the employment, or non-employment, or the terms of employment or the conditions of labour, of any person, and "workmen" means all persons employed in trade or industry whether or not in the employment of the employer with whom the trade dispute arises;

Thus, trade dispute can be defined as, any disputes that arises in between, 
i. employers and workmen
ii. workmen and workmen
iii. employers and employers, in connection of employment or non-employment or the terms of employment or the conditions of labour, of any person.

(h) "Trade Union" means combination, whether temporary or permanent, formed primarily for the purpose of regulating the relations between workmen and employers or between workmen and workmen, or between employers and employers, or for imposing restrictive condition on the conduct of any trade or business, and includes any federation of two or more Trade Unions;
Provided that this Act shall not affect - 
(i) Any agreement between partners to their own business;
(ii) Any agreement between an employer and those employed by him as to such employment; or 
(iii) Any agreement in consideration of the sales of the goodwill of a business or of instruction in any profession, trade or handicraft.