A.1. Read the following dialogue. First, underline the word or words that represent the subject in each sentence of the dialogue. Then circle the verbs that each subject refers to. (One has been done for you as an example)
Answer:
1. Is it true that the students from the Space Research Centre are arriving this evening?
2. Yes, the study they are conducting needs an elevated location like our campus.
(another one: they-are conducting)
3. I agree. The constellation they are going to observe is clearly visible from here.
4. What about the team supervisor? Is he coming?
(In first sentence verb 'is' is silent referring to subject team supervisor).
5. No, their manager called this morning. The supervisor is busy making arrangements for the
committee which is to arrive tomorrow.
6. I have heard that he is going to join politics.
(Since 'that' is joining two sentences, another one is he-is going).
7. Yes, this news is true.
(Note: 'is', 'are', 'am', 'be' are known as helping or auxiliary verbs)
8. But honesty is his policy and politics is a corrupt game these days.
(Subject verb pairs are: honesty - is, politics-is)
9. Yes, but that does not mean that good people should not join politics.
(another one: people-should not join)
10. Yes, you are right.
11. When the pick-up bus that we have sent to the railway station arrives here, we may need help
to shift the luggage which, I presume, is going to be very heavy.
A.3 List the subjects from the dialogues in A1 under the following headings.
Answer:
Countable Singular Countable Plural Uncountable
Study location campus Game bus railway station | students people | politics luggage |
A.4 Work in pairs and decide whether the following are countable singular (cs), countable plural (cp) or uncountable (uc).
Answer:
(a)feet: cp
(b) person: cp
(c) news: cs
(d) oxen: cp
(e) tooth: cs
(f) coffee: uc
(g) knife: cs
(h) boxes: cp
(i) goose: cs
(j) gentlemen: cp
(k) oil: uc
(l) furniture: uc
A.5. Some nouns look as if they are plural, but are in fact singular.
Answer:
Clue | Subject |
E = mC2 | Physics |
1+1 = 2 | Mathematics |
Work in pairs and complete the following spider diagrams, a, b and c. All the words will be related to the word in the centre. Some clues are given.
All the above nouns look like plurals (i.e. they end in s.) But they are, in fact, singular nouns
For these nouns we use a …singular… verb.
A.6. Fill in the blanks with appropriate verbs to complete this biography of Rickety Ron.
Answer:
RICKETY RON
Rickety Ron is a student of statistics, which for many years…has….. been his favourite subject. Ron has always loved playing with numbers. Dramatics …is… his life but every time he takes a role for stage acting, he's mysteriously down with mumps. Mumps …has… always been his undoing! Ron is no good at games and opts for the least exerting sports of all. So, for him, it's skittles, darts and cards. Cards …is.. his favourite, though! He loves aerobics too. Aerobics, to him, …is… both relaxation and entertainment.
A.7. Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer the following.
Answer:
Questions Answers
1. What are shears used for? | 1. They are used for gardening. |
2. Have you got the binoculars? | 2. No, I don't have them here. Do you have them? |
3. What are pliers made of? | 3. They are made of steel. |
4. How much this pair of jeans cost? | 4. A pair of jeans cost me Rupees eight hundred. |
5. Are your socks matching with shoes? | 5. Yes, they are. |
6. What are tongs used for? | 6. Tongs are used to pick up hot vessels. |
7. Are your goggles dark? | 7. My goggles are photo chromatic. |
8. Which colour of slacks are not allowed in school? | 8. Black slacks are not allowed in school. |
9. What are scissors used for? | 9. Scissors are are used for cutting cloth. |
10. Can you lend me your compasses? | 10. Yes I can, they are in my school bag. |
All the nouns in the above sentences take the_plural_ verb.
B Verbs - singular or plural
Look at the following two sentences. Which one is correct?
a) The jury were divided in their opinion. ✔
b) The jury was unanimous in their decision. ✔
B.2. Tick the correct form of the verb in the following sentences:
Answer:
Answer:
One night Bhola, while + _watching_ the sky from his verandah, heard a strange sound. Just about + _to land_ in the forest nearby was a spacecraft. Next day the people of the town were + _running_ away from their homes, frightened by the strange creatures who had landed in their midst. The intruders ran all over the town, + _stealing_ food, money and all that they could lay their hands on. Scared out of his wits, Bhola hid in the bushes. +_Looking_ through his binoculars, Bhola * _saw_ one of the intruders + _peering__ into a box. On + _finding__ a small mouse + _jumping__ out of the box, the intruder * _sped_ off in terror. This gave Bhola an idea. He spent the next day +_searching_ for mice.
Next morning Bhola * _took/left_ a cage full of mice to the spacecraft and set them free. On +_seeing_ the mice, the intruders were too frightened + _to stay_ on Earth any longer, and they * _ran/left__ in their spacecraft immediately.
(Note: peer means look keenly).
A. 4 Now put the verbs you have just filled in above, in column A (verbs marked +) and B (verbs marked*) below.
Answer:
COLUMN A (verbs marked +) COLUMN B (verbs marked*)
watching to land running stealing looking peering finding jumping searching seeing to stay | saw sped took/left ran |
A5.Study the verbs given in Column A and Column B. How do they differ from each other?The verbs in Column A are not controlled by the number, person and tense of their subject. Therefore they are …Non-Finites…..
The verbs in Column B are controlled by the number, person and tense of their subject. Therefore they are …Finite Verbs..
What are the verbs in Column A called ? Non-Finites
A. 5 Here is part of a letter that Anuradha wrote to Raji about her experience in a city that she was visiting. Complete the letter using suitable nonfinites.
When I saw a beggar _sitting__ near the Big Temple, I decided to help him. But when the other beggars saw me _donating/giving__ him some money, they started _flocking/gathering___ around me. I was a little embarrassed and __to avoid _ the menace, I entered a hotel nearby. The manager of the hotel made me _aware__ the need for caution while _evading_ beggars. After _escorting__ me, he went on to ask me if I would like _to take__ a guide _assist__ me round the city. I politely refused his offer of help and went back to my own hotel.
A.6. Given below is an extract from the story The Iron Man and The Space Being. Complete the story using suitable non-finite verbs. You
Answer:
A.7. While reading a magazine advertising home products, Sakshi Aggarwal came across an advertisement for a stain remover called Dr Clean. She decided to buy the product but it caused more harm than good. Complete the letter of complaint she writes to the company using appropriate words.
Answer:
B.2 Underline the present participle and circle the noun it describes in the following sentences as shown in the example above.
Answer:
a) The policeman saw a thief escaping on a motorbike.
b) Hearing a loud sound, the students rushed out of the classroom.
c) I can hear the school choir practicing in the auditorium.
d) The player was happy seeing that his opponent was growing tired
B.3 Fill in the blanks using the correct from of the words given in the box below.
Answer:
When the teacher caught the boy _cheating_ in the examination, he stood there _trembling__ and _quivering__. _Hearing_ the loud admonition of the teacher, the headmaster rushed in. The boy started to cry _fearing_ that he would be expelled from the school. _Assessing_ the situation very quickly, the headmaster asked the boy to follow him to his room.
B.6 Now combine the following pairs of sentences using a suitable verb in its 'ing' form.
Answer:
B.7. Unusual solutions
Why don't you try?
Give the solutions to the problems below using the 'ing' form of the verb. Make the solutions as unusual as possible.
Answer:
1. There's a fly in my soup.
Why don't you try drowning it.
Why don't you try eating it before it drowns.
2. My car isn't starting.
Why don't you try kick starting it.
3. My hands and feet are frozen!
Why don't you try cutting them with knife.
4. A man is trying to steal my car!
Why don't you try stealing his.
5. My sister/brother doesn't stop talking.
Why don't you try making faces at them.
6. I have a headache.
Why don't you try banging your head.
C.2 Explain the following signs using to + verb as shown:
Answer:
C.3 Work in pairs. One of you will ask the questions, the other will give the answers with the help of the clues in brackets. Write them down in the spaces provided.
Answer:
1. Why are you waiting here? (meet the teacher)
⇒ I am waiting to meet the teacher.
2. Why did you return home early? (help with the housework)
⇒ I returned home early to help with housework.
3. Why is Raju going abroad? (visit his sister)
⇒Raju is going abroad to visit his sister.
4. Why did Kiran sell her car? ( buy a van)
⇒Kiran sold her car to buy a van.
5. Why did you travel by bus? (save money)
⇒ I travelled by bus to save money.
C.4 Complete the sentences as in the example, using the verbs given in the box. Do not use any verbs more than once.
Answer:
C.5 Rewrite the sentences using an infinitive instead of the underlined clause.
Answer:
D. Verb + ing and Infinitives
D.1 1. I saw her cross the road.
2. I saw her crossing the road.
What is the difference in the use of the underlined verb in the two sentences?
Answer: The first sentence tells that when I saw her she was already on the other side of the road. While the second sentence tells that the lady was in the middle of the road and was going to other side when I saw her.
Answer:
+ -ing + to do
suggest be worth mind look forward to | want Offer hope arrange propose promise hesitate |
Answer:
D.4 Now complete the following sentences appropriately using 'ing' or infinitive construction. Use the grid given above to write your answers. You may have to add prepositions in some sentences.
Answer:
D.5. Complete the sentences using the correct non-finite form of the verbs given in brackets.
Answer:
E. The Past Participle.
E.1 Underline the past participle and circle the noun it qualifies in the following sentences:
Answer:
1. What is Integrated Grammar Practice 11? |
2. How can Integrated Grammar Practice 11 benefit Class 10 students? |
3. Are the questions in Integrated Grammar Practice 11 similar to those in the Class 10 English Communicative exam? |
4. How can I make the most out of Integrated Grammar Practice 11? |
5. Where can I find Integrated Grammar Practice 11? |
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