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1. What is nutrition in plants?
Ans. Nutrition in plants refers to the process by which plants obtain and utilize essential nutrients for their growth and development. It involves the absorption of water, minerals, and gases, as well as the synthesis of organic compounds through photosynthesis.
2. How do plants obtain nutrition?
Ans. Plants obtain nutrition through two main processes: photosynthesis and absorption. During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen. They absorb minerals and water from the soil through their roots, which are transported to different parts of the plant through the vascular system.
3. What are the essential nutrients required by plants?
Ans. Plants require several essential nutrients for their growth and development. These include macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are needed in large quantities. Additionally, they require micronutrients such as iron, manganese, zinc, and others, which are needed in smaller amounts but are equally important.
4. How do plants absorb nutrients from the soil?
Ans. Plants absorb nutrients from the soil through their root system. The root hairs present on the surface of the roots increase the surface area for absorption. As water is taken up by the roots, it carries dissolved minerals along with it. These minerals enter the root cells through specialized transport proteins and are then transported to the rest of the plant through the xylem and phloem.
5. What are the factors that affect plant nutrition?
Ans. Several factors can affect plant nutrition, including soil pH, temperature, moisture, and the presence of other chemicals or organisms in the soil. The pH level of the soil can influence the availability of certain nutrients to plants. Extreme temperatures can impact the metabolic processes involved in nutrient absorption. Insufficient moisture can limit the uptake of water and nutrients, while excessive moisture can lead to nutrient leaching. Additionally, the presence of certain chemicals or organisms can interfere with nutrient absorption or cause nutrient deficiencies.
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