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Solutions of Sources of Energy (Page No- 158) - Physics By Lakhmir Singh, Class 10 | Extra Documents, Videos & Tests for Class 10 PDF Download

Lakhmir Singh Physics Class 10 Solutions Page No:158

Question 27:
(a) Differentiate between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
(b) Which of the two, nuclear fission and nuclear fusion, is made use of :
(i) for the production of electricity ?
(ii) for making a hydrogen bomb ?
(c) Which produces more energy : nuclear fusion or nuclear fission ?
(d) Calculate the energy released in joules when 5 g of a material is completely converted into energy during a nuclear reaction.
(e) How much is this energy in MeV ? (Speed of light = 3 × 108 m/s)
Solution :

(a) 

 

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fusion

Natural occurrence of the process:

Fission reaction does not normally occur in nature.

Fusion occurs in stars, such as the sun

Byproducts of the reaction:

Fission produces many highly radioactive particles.

Few radioactive particles are produced by fusion reaction, but if a fission ' trigger' is used, radioactive particles will result from that.

Energy Ratios:

The energy released by fission is a million times greater than that released in chemical reactions: but lower than the energy released by nuclear fusion

The energy released by fusion is three to four times greater than the energy released by fission

Nuclear weapon:
One class of nuclear weapon is a fission bomb, also known as an atomic bomb or atom bomb.
One class of nuclear weapon is the hydrogen bomb, which uses a fission reaction to 'trigger' a fusion reaction
Energy requirement:
Takes little energy to split two atoms in a fission reaction
Extremely high energy is required to bring two or more protorts close enough that nuclear forces overcome their electrostatic repulsio.

 

(b) (i) Nuclear fission 
(ii) Nuclear fusion
(c) Nuclear fusion
(d)Mass.m = 5g = 0.005kg Speedof light, c=3x108m/s

We know that, E= mc2
E = 0.005x(3x108)2
E = 4.5x1014.J 

Solutions of Sources of Energy (Page No- 158) - Physics By Lakhmir Singh, Class 10 | Extra Documents, Videos & Tests for Class 10

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FAQs on Solutions of Sources of Energy (Page No- 158) - Physics By Lakhmir Singh, Class 10 - Extra Documents, Videos & Tests for Class 10

1. What are the different sources of energy?
Ans. The different sources of energy include fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), nuclear energy, solar energy, wind energy, and hydroelectric power.
2. How does solar energy work as a source of energy?
Ans. Solar energy works by using photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight into electricity. These cells are made of semiconducting materials, such as silicon, which absorb photons from the sunlight and release electrons. The movement of these electrons generates an electric current that can be used to power various devices.
3. What are the advantages of using wind energy?
Ans. The advantages of using wind energy include being a renewable source of energy, producing no pollution or greenhouse gas emissions, and having a low cost of operation once the initial setup is complete. Additionally, wind farms can be installed on land or offshore, making it a versatile source of energy.
4. What are the disadvantages of using fossil fuels as a source of energy?
Ans. The disadvantages of using fossil fuels include contributing to air pollution and climate change due to the release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Fossil fuels are also non-renewable resources, meaning they will eventually run out. Extraction and transportation of fossil fuels can also have negative environmental impacts, such as habitat destruction and oil spills.
5. How does hydroelectric power generate electricity?
Ans. Hydroelectric power generates electricity by harnessing the energy of flowing or falling water. Dams are built across rivers to create reservoirs, and the potential energy of the water is converted into kinetic energy as it flows through turbines. The spinning turbines then activate generators, which produce electricity. Hydroelectric power is a renewable source of energy and does not produce greenhouse gas emissions.
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