Class 11 Exam > Class 11 Notes > Alkaline Earth Metals (Group I Elements) - The S - Block Elements, Class 11, Chemistry
Alkaline Earth Metals (Group I Elements) - The S - Block Elements, Class 11, Chemistry PDF Download
Why are 1st group elements named alkali metals?
Ref: https://edurev.in/question/603127/Why-are-1st-group-elements-named-alkali-metals-
Group 1 elements are indeed called alkali metals because of what happens when they react with water.
The general form for the reaction of a group 1 element, M, with water looks like this
These elements will react vigorously and, depending on which group 1 element you're dealing with, even explosively, with water to form their respective metal hydroxide, MOH, and hydrogen gas.
The hydrogen gas will bubble out of the resulting solution, leaving behind the aqueous metal hydroxide.
This metal hydroxide is soluble in aqueous solution, which means that it dissociates completely to form the metal cation, M+, and the hydroxide anion, OH−
The presence of the hydroxide anions makes the solution basic, or alkaline, which is why the group 1 elements are called alkali metals.
FAQs on Alkaline Earth Metals (Group I Elements) - The S - Block Elements, Class 11, Chemistry
| 1. What are alkaline earth metals? |  |
Ans. Alkaline earth metals are a group of elements found in the periodic table, specifically in Group 2. These elements include beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). They are called "alkaline earth metals" because their oxides and hydroxides are alkaline in nature and their compounds are typically found in the earth's crust.
| 2. What are the characteristics of alkaline earth metals? | |
Ans. Alkaline earth metals share several common characteristics. They have two valence electrons, which makes them highly reactive and likely to form ionic compounds. They are shiny, silvery-white metals that are relatively soft and have low densities. These metals have higher melting and boiling points compared to alkali metals but lower than most transition metals. They are good conductors of heat and electricity and exhibit a high degree of chemical reactivity.
| 3. What are the uses of alkaline earth metals? | |
Ans. Alkaline earth metals have various applications in different industries. For example, magnesium is used in the production of lightweight alloys, such as those used in aircraft and automotive parts. Calcium is important for bone health and is commonly used as a dietary supplement. Barium is used in medical imaging tests, such as X-rays and CT scans. Strontium compounds are utilized in the manufacturing of fireworks to produce vibrant colors. Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors and high-precision instruments due to its unique properties.
| 4. Are alkaline earth metals toxic? | |
Ans. While alkaline earth metals are essential for many biological processes, some of them can be toxic in certain forms. Beryllium, for example, can cause chronic lung diseases when inhaled as fine particles. Barium compounds can be poisonous if ingested or inhaled in large amounts. Radium is highly radioactive and can pose serious health risks if not handled properly. However, other alkaline earth metals like magnesium and calcium are generally considered safe for human consumption and have important roles in maintaining overall health.
| 5. How do alkaline earth metals react with water? | |
Ans. Alkaline earth metals react with water, although their reactivity is lower compared to alkali metals. When exposed to water, they undergo a redox reaction, releasing hydrogen gas and forming metal hydroxides. For example, magnesium reacts with water to produce magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas:
2Mg + 2H2O → 2Mg(OH)2 + H2
The reactivity of alkaline earth metals with water increases as you move down the group, with beryllium being the least reactive and radium being the most reactive.
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