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NEET Previous Year Questions (2016-2025): Breathing & Exchange of Gases

2025 

Q1: Match List-I with List-II.     (NEET 2025)
2025 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 
(a) A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I 
(b) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I 
(c) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II 
(d) A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

2024

Q1: Which of the following factors are favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin in alveoli?     (NEET 2024)
(a) High pOand High pCO2
(b) High pOand Lesser Hconcentration
(c) Low pCO2 and Lesser Hconcentration
(d) Low pCOand High temperature

Q2: Match List I with List II:    (NEET 2024)
2024

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
(a) A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
(b) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
(c) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
(d) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV

Q3: In humans, the process of respiration involves the following steps:   (NEET 2024)
A.
    Diffusion of gases across alveolar membrane
B.
    Diffusion of gases between blood and tissues
C.
    Transport of gases by blood
D.
    Utilisation of O2 by the cells for catabolic reactions
E.
    Breathing or pulmonary ventilation 
Choose the correct sequence of steps from the options given below:
(a) A →E→B→C→D
(b) C →E→A→B→D
(c) B →D→C→E→A
(d) E →A→C→B→D

Q4: Match List-I with List-II:   (NEET 2024)
2024
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) A-IV,B-III,C-II,D-I
(b) 
A-II,B-IV,C-I,D-III
(c) 
A-III,B-I,C-IV,D-II
(d) 
A-I,B-II,C-III,D-IV 

Q5: Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.   (NEET 2024)
Assertion (A):
    During the transportation of gases, about 20-25 percent of CO2 is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino-haemoglobin.
Reason (R):
    This binding is related to high pCO2 and low pO2 in the tissues
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
(a) (A) is True but (R) is False.
(b) (A) is False but (R) is True.
(c) Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(d) Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

2023

Q1:  Vital capacity of lung is _________.      (NEET 2023)
(a) IRV + ERV
(b) IRV + ERV + TV - RV
(c) IRV + ERV + TV + RV
(d) IRV + ERV + TV

Q2: Select the sequence of steps in respiration.     (NEET 2023)
(A)
 Diffusion of gases (O2 and CO2) across alveolar membrane.
(B)
 Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissues
(C)
 Transport of gases by the blood
(D)
 Pulmonary ventilation by which atmospheric air is drawn in and CO2 rich alveolar air is released out.
(E)
 Utilisation of O2 by the cells for catabolic reactions and resultant release of CO2
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) (D), (A), (C), (B), (E)
(b) (C), (B), (A), (E), (D)
(c) (B), (C), (E), (D), (A)
(d) (A), (C), (B), (E), (D)

2022

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

Try yourself: Q1: Identify the region of human brain which has pneumotaxic centre that alters respiratory rate by reducing the duration of inspiration.      (NEET 2022 Phase 2)

A

Cerebrum

B

Medulla

C

Pons

D

Thalamus


Q2: Which of the following statements are correct with respect to vital capacity?     (NEET 2022 Phase 2)
(a) It includes ERV, TV and IRV
(b) Total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration.
(c) The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after forced expiration.
(d) It includes ERV, RV and IRV.
(e) The maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
(a) (a) and (e)
(b) (b), (d) and (e)
(c) (a), (c) and (d)
(d) (a), (c) and (e)

Q3: Under normal physiological conditions in human being every 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver ___________ ml of O2 to the tissues. (NEET 2022 Phase 1)
(a) 5 ml
(b) 4 ml
(c) 10 ml
(d) 2 ml


Q4: Which of the following is not the function of conducting part of respiratory system        (NEET 2022 Phase 1)
(a) Inhaled air is humidified 
(b) Temperature of inhaled air is brought to body temperature 
(c) Provides surface for diffusion of O2 and CO2
(d) It clears inhaled air from foreign particles

2021

Q1: The partial pressures (in mm Hg) of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) at alveoli (the site of diffusion) are : [NEET 2021]
(a) pO2 = 95 and pCO2 = 40
(b) pO2 = 159 and pCO2 = 0.3
(c) pO2 = 104 and pCO2 = 40
(d) pO2 = 40 and pCO2 = 45

Q2: Select the favorable conditions required for the formation of oxyhemoglobin at the alveoli.      [NEET 2021] 
(a) High pO2, high pCO2, less H+, higher temperature
(b) Low pO2, low pCO2, more H+, higher temperature
(c) High pO2, low pCO2, less H+, lower temperature
(d) Low pO2 high pCO2 more H+, higher temperature


Q3: Assertion (A) : A person goes to high altitude and experiences 'altitude sickness' with symptoms like breathing difficulty and heart palpitations.
Reason (R) : Due to low atmospheric pressure at high altitude, the body does not get sufficient oxygen.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) (A) is false but (R) is true
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(d) (A) is true but (R) is false              [NEET 2021]

2020

Q1: Select the correct events that occur during inspiration.     [NEET 2020]
(i) Contraction of diaphragm
(ii) Contraction of external inter costal muscles
(iii) Pulmonary volume decreases
(iv) Intra pulmonary pressure increases
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(b) Only (iv)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)


Q2: Identify the wrong statement with reference to transport of oxygen.      [NEET 2020]
(a) Higher H+ conc. in alveoli favours the formation of oxyhaemoglobin 
(b) Low pCO2 in alveoli favours the formation of oxyhaemoglobin 
(c) Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is mainly related to partial pressure of O2 
(d) Partial pressure of CO2 can interfere with O2 binding with haemoglobin.

2019

Q1: Tidal Volume and Expiratory Reserve Volume of an athlete is 500 mL and 1000 mL respectively. What will be his expiratory capacity if the residual volume is 1200 mL?    [NEET 2019]
(a) 2700 mL
(b) 1500 mL
(c) 1700 mL
(d) 2200 mL

2018

Q1: Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively?    [NEET 2018]
(a) Inflammation of bronchioles; Decreased respiratory surface
(b) Increased number of bronchioles; Increased respiratory surface
(c) Increased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles
(d) Decreased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles

Q2: Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.    [NEET 2018]
2018

2018

2017

Q1: Lungs are made up of air-filled sacs, the alveoli. They do not collapse even after forceful expiration, because of    [NEET 2017]
(a) Inspiratory reserve volume
(b) Tidal volume
(c) Expiratory reserve volume
(d) Residual volume.

2016

Q1: The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli of the lungs is    [NEET 2016 Phase 2]
(a) Equal to that in the blood
(b) More than that in the blood
(c) Less than that in the blood
(d) Less than that of carbon dioxide.

Q2: Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking.       [NEET 2016 Phase 2]
(a) Respiratory acidosis
(b) Respiratory alkalosis
(c) Emphysema
(d) Asthma

2015


MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

Try yourself: Q1: Name the pulmonary disease in which alveolar surface area involved in gas exchange is drastically reduced due to damage in the alveolar walls.    [NEET 2015 / AIPMT 2015 ]

A

Emphysema

B

Pneumonia

C

Asthma

D

Pleurisy

2014

Q1: Approximately seventy per cent of carbon dioxide absorbed by the blood will be transported to the lungs:    [NEET 2014 / AIPMT 2014 ]
(a) As bicarbonate ions
(b) In the form of dissolved gas molecules
(c) By binding to R.B.C.
(d) As carbamino - haemoglobin

The document NEET Previous Year Questions (2016-2025): Breathing & Exchange of Gases is a part of the NEET Course Biology Class 11.
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FAQs on NEET Previous Year Questions (2016-2025): Breathing & Exchange of Gases

1. What are the main differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in human breathing?
Ans. Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and produces 38 ATP molecules, while anaerobic respiration happens without oxygen and yields only 2 ATP molecules. Aerobic breathing involves the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain in mitochondria, whereas anaerobic respiration produces lactate or ethanol as end products. This distinction is crucial for NEET previous year questions on cellular respiration mechanisms.
2. How do the diaphragm and intercostal muscles work together during the breathing process?
Ans. During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and flattens while external intercostal muscles lift the rib cage upward, increasing thoracic cavity volume and causing air to flow into the lungs. During expiration, these muscles relax, decreasing cavity volume and pushing air out. This coordinated mechanism of breathing ensures efficient gas exchange and is frequently tested in NEET exam questions on respiratory physiology.
3. What happens to oxygen and carbon dioxide levels during the exchange of gases in alveoli?
Ans. Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillary blood due to its higher partial pressure in the lungs, while carbon dioxide moves from blood into alveolar space for exhalation. This gas exchange across the alveolar membrane occurs through simple diffusion, driven by concentration gradients. Understanding partial pressure differences is essential for solving NEET previous year questions on pulmonary ventilation and gas transport mechanisms.
4. Why do some NEET questions ask about the effects of high altitude on breathing and oxygen availability?
Ans. At high altitudes, atmospheric oxygen partial pressure decreases, reducing oxygen availability in the lungs and causing hypoxia. The body compensates through increased breathing rate and enhanced red blood cell production. NEET exams test this concept because it demonstrates how respiratory systems adapt to environmental stress and involves understanding partial pressure gradients critical for gas exchange regulation.
5. How can students identify which respiratory disorders appear most frequently in NEET previous year questions from 2016 to 2025?
Ans. Common respiratory disorders in NEET questions include asthma, emphysema, and pneumonia-conditions affecting gas exchange or airway patency. Students should refer to mind maps and flashcards on breathing disorders to recognise patterns across question sets. Analysing five to ten years of NEET previous year questions reveals that pathophysiology of obstructive and restrictive lung diseases dominates the exchange of gases topic consistently.
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