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Crystallization process - Class 7 PDF Download
Define the crystallization methods of separation of mixture with an example each ?
Ref: https://edurev.in/question/619987/Define-the-crystallization-methods-of-separation-of-mixture-with-an-example-each-
Crystallization is a technique used for the purification of substances. A separation technique to separate solids from a solution.
On adding a solid substance in a liquid and stirring it, the solid dissolves in the fluid. But when added more and more solid to the liquid, a point comes after which no more solid dissolves in the liquid. This point is called saturation point and the fluid is called saturation solution.
Crystallization process
- The solution is heated in an open container
- The solvent molecules start evaporating, leaving behind the solutes
- When solution cools, crystals of solute start accumulating on the surface of the solution
- Crystals are collected and dried as per the product requirement
- The undissolved solids in the liquid are separated by the process of filtration
- The size of crystals formed during this process depends on the cooling rate.
- Large number of tiny crystals are formed, if the solution is cooled at a fast rate
- Large crystals are formed at slow cooling rates
Separation technique of substance by Crystallization
Activity:
Here is an experiment to understand crystallization clearly:
Step 1: Take 50 ml water in a beaker
Step 2: Add sugar in it and stir it
Step 3: Now heat the solution
Step 4: Repeat the process continuously
Step 5: After some time there will be a point at which no more sugar can be dissolved in water. This stage is the saturation point, and the solution is referred as a saturated solution
Step 6 : Now filter the sugar with the help of a filter paper
Step 7: Collect the filtrate in a glass bowl and cool it
Step 8: We will observe that some fine crystals are formed in the bowl
Step 9: The process of filtration can separate these crystals. The liquid left after the removal of crystals is known as mother liquor
Application of crystallization:
- Purification of seawater
- Separation of alum crystals from impure samples
- In the pharmaceutical industry, crystallization is used as a separation and purification process for the synthesis and isolation of co-crystals, pure active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), controlled release pulmonary drug delivery, and separation of chiral isomers.
FAQs on Crystallization process - Class 7
| 1. What is crystallization? |  |
Ans. Crystallization is a process in which a solid substance, such as salt or sugar, is dissolved in a liquid to form a solution. As the solution cools or evaporates, the dissolved substance forms regular, repeating patterns called crystals.
| 2. How does the crystallization process work? | |
Ans. The crystallization process starts with a solution, where the solid substance is dissolved in a liquid. As the solution cools or evaporates, the solute particles come closer together, resulting in the formation of crystals. The particles arrange themselves in a regular pattern, creating a solid structure.
| 3. Why is crystallization important? | |
Ans. Crystallization is crucial in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food processing. It allows for the purification of substances, separation of components, and production of high-quality crystals with specific properties. Crystals also have applications in research, as they provide valuable information about the composition and structure of materials.
| 4. What factors can influence the crystallization process? | |
Ans. Several factors can affect the crystallization process. Temperature is a significant factor, as cooling or evaporation determines the rate at which crystals form. The concentration of the solute in the solution, as well as the presence of impurities or additives, can also impact the formation of crystals. Additionally, stirring or agitation of the solution can influence the size and shape of the resulting crystals.
| 5. What are some common examples of crystallization in daily life? | |
Ans. Crystallization is encountered in various aspects of daily life. Some common examples include the formation of frost on a cold window, the crystallization of sugar in a syrup to make rock candy, the growth of salt crystals in salt pans, and the formation of snowflakes. These examples demonstrate the natural occurrence of crystallization and its relevance in our surroundings.
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Nov 15, 2024 Last updated |
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