Vocabulary | English Grammar Basic - Class 10 PDF Download

1. Abase (नीचा दिखाना)

• Definition: To lower in rank, prestige, or esteem; to degrade or humiliate.
• Synonyms: Disgrace, Debase, Humiliate, Despise. 
• Antonyms: Respect, Praise, Cherish.

2. Abash (लज्जित करना)

• Definition: To make someone feel embarrassed, disconcerted, or ashamed.
• Synonyms: Discourage, Discompose, Embarrass, Humble, Mortify.
• Antonyms: Embolden, Uphold, Buoy.

3. Abbot (महंत)

• Definition: The superior or head of an abbey or monastery.
• Synonyms: Monk, Prior, Superior.
• Antonyms: Layperson, Commoner.

4. Ablution (साफ करना)

• Definition: The act of washing or cleansing oneself, especially as a religious rite.
• Synonyms: Washing, Bath, Cleaning, Purification.
• Antonyms: Defiling, Taint, Polluting.

5. Abstinence (संयम)

• Definition: The practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically alcohol or food.
• Synonyms: Abstention, Temperance, Continence, Frugality, Sobriety.
• Antonyms: Excess, Intoxication, Gluttony.

6. Accessory (सह अपराधी)

• Definition: A person who assists in the commission of a crime but does not take a principal part.
• Synonyms: Accomplice, Ally, Participator.
• Antonyms: Opponent, Betrayer, Hinderer.

7. Acerbity (तीक्ष्णता)

• Definition: Sharpness or bitterness in tone, manner, or language.
• Synonyms: Harshness, Sourness, Acrimony, Severity, Malignity.
• Antonyms: Kindness, Gentleness.

8. Adjunct (अनुबंध)

• Definition: Something added to another thing but not essential to it; an assistant or subordinate.
• Synonyms: Appendancy, Addition, Appurtenance, Dependency, Auxiliary.
• Antonyms: Removal, Lessening, Separation.

9. Adulterate (मिलावट करना)

• Definition: To make impure by adding inferior or improper substances.
• Synonyms: Corrupt, Impure, Debase, Muddle, Mix.
• Antonyms: Purify, Clarify, Refine.

10. Affable (सुशील)

• Definition: Friendly, approachable, and easy to talk to.
• Synonyms: Courteous, Polite, Kindly, Gracious, Mild.
• Antonyms: Grouchy, Haughty, Grumbling.

11. Amateur (अव्यवसायी)

• Definition: A person who engages in an activity for pleasure rather than as a profession.
• Synonyms: Nonprofessional, Beginner, Novice, Dilettante.
• Antonyms: Professional

12. Antagonism (विरोध)

• Definition: Active hostility or opposition, especially between individuals or groups.
• Synonyms: Opposition, Antipathy, Animosity, Hostility, Discord.

13. Ascetic (तपस्वी)

• Definition: A person who practices severe self-discipline and abstention from indulgence, often for religious reasons.
• Synonyms: Abstemious, Austere, Rigid, Stern, Recluse.
• Antonyms: Luxurious, Dissolute, Sensuous.

14. Banish (देश से निकालना)

• Definition: To expel someone from a country or place, or to drive something away.
• Synonyms: Exile, Expel, Expatriate, Dismiss, Ostracize.
• Antonyms: Repatriate, Recall.

15. Barbarous (असभ्य)

• Definition: Extremely brutal, cruel, or uncivilised.
• Synonyms: Brutal, Atrocious, Barbarian, Untamed, Uncivilised.
• Antonyms: Cultured, Polite.

16. Beneficent (परोपकारी)

• Definition: Doing or producing good, especially performing acts of kindness or charity.
• Synonyms: Charitable, Benevolent, Kind, Generous, Liberal.
• Antonyms: Greedy, Uncharitable, Miserly.

17. Breeze (ठंडी हलकी हवा)

• Definition: A gentle or light wind.
• Synonyms: Wind, Puff, Draft.
• Antonyms: Calm, Quiet, Repose.

18. Bigoted (कट्टर)

• Definition: Obstinately or unreasonably attached to a belief, opinion, or faction, often prejudiced.
• Synonyms: Fanatical, Intolerant, Obstinate, Prejudiced.
• Antonyms: Tolerant, Broad-minded.

19. Bustle (जल्दी-जल्दी काम करना)

• Definition: Excited activity or movement, often with a sense of urgency.
• Synonyms: Hustle, Quickness, Hurry, Haste, Stir.
• Antonyms: Inertia, Inaction, Indolence.

20. Brave (साहसी)

• Definition: Possessing or displaying courage; able to face danger or difficulty without fear.
• Synonyms: Bold, Gallant, Courageous, Adventurous, Stout.
• Antonyms: Cowardly, Fearful, Afraid.

21. Brittle (भंगुर)

• Definition: Hard but easily broken or shattered; fragile.
• Synonyms: Easily broken, Fragile, Breakable, Slender.
• Antonyms: Strong, Tough.

22. Calamity (प्रलय)

• Definition: An event causing great and often sudden damage or distress; a disaster.
• Synonyms: Disaster, Misfortune, Adversity, Distress, Sorrow.
• Antonyms: Prosperity, Fortune, Happiness.

23. Candid (सपाट)

• Definition: Truthful and straightforward; frank.
• Synonyms: Frank, Open, Impartial, Fair, Blunt.
• Antonyms: Unfair, Deceitful, Evasive.

24. Calibre (गुण, योग्यता)

• Definition: The quality of someone's character or the level of their ability.
• Synonyms: Worth, Ability, Skill, Merit, Talent, Capacity.
• Antonyms: Disability, Ignorance.

25. Capable (योग्य)

• Definition: Having the ability, fitness, or quality necessary to do or achieve something.
• Synonyms: Able, Qualified, Skilful, Impressive, Competent.
• Antonyms: Incompetent, Unqualified, Unable.

26. Cessation (रुकावट)

• Definition: The act of bringing something to an end or the state of being ended.
• Synonyms: Stopping, Pause, Halt, Rest, Intermission.
• Antonyms: Continuation, Persistence.

27. Cherish (पोषण करना)

• Definition: To hold dear or protect and care for someone or something lovingly.
• Synonyms: Nourish, Nurse, Shelter, Harbour, Cheer.
• Antonyms: Abandon, Relinquish, Desert.

28. Consolidate (संघटित करना)

• Definition: To combine or unite into a single, stronger whole; to strengthen or make solid.
• Synonyms: Unite, Solidify, Merge.
• Antonyms: Separate, Weaken, Divide.

29. Contemplate (सोचना)

• Definition: To think about deeply or carefully; to consider as a possibility.
• Synonyms: Consider, Intend, Design, Ponder, Purpose.
• Antonyms: Disregard, Reject, Neglect.

30. Convoke (इक्कट्ठा करना)

• Definition: To call together or summon a meeting or assembly.
• Synonyms: Convene, Assemble, Gather, Call, Collect.
• Antonyms: Dismiss, Dissolve, Adjourn, Separate.

31. Dainty (स्वादिष्ट, सुरुचिपूर्ण)

• Definition: Delicately beautiful or charming; pleasing to the taste and refined in manner.
• Synonyms: Elegant, Sweet, Delicate, Soft, Tender.
• Antonyms: Coarse, Unrefined, Clumsy.

32. Debase (नीचा दिखाना)

• Definition: To reduce in quality, value, or dignity; to degrade.
• Synonyms: Lower, Degrade, Adulterate, Impair, Shame.
• Antonyms: Enhance, Improve, Lift.

33. Delectable (आनन्दकर)

• Definition: Highly pleasing or delightful, especially to the taste.
• Synonyms: Delightful, Delicious, Palatable, Exquisite.
• Antonyms: Offensive, Loathsome, Repulsive.

34. Denounce (निन्दा करना)

• Definition: To publicly condemn or criticize, often with strong disapproval.
• Synonyms: Accuse, Threaten, Blame, Scold, Reprove.
• Antonyms: Praise, Laud, Applaud.

35. Despair (निराश होना)

• Definition: The complete loss or absence of hope.
• Synonyms: Hopelessness, Desperation, Discouragement, Dejection, Depression.
• Antonyms: Hope, Ambition, Confidence.

36. Disparage (उपेक्षा करना)

• Definition: To belittle or speak slightingly of; to depreciate.
• Synonyms: Lower, Belittle, Discredit, Dishonour.
• Antonyms: Praise, Approve, Commend.

37. Dubious (संदिग्ध)

• Definition: Hesitating or doubting; not to be relied upon; suspicious.
• Synonyms: Doubtful, Equivocal, Uncertain, Suspicious.
• Antonyms: Certain, Sure, Positive.

38. Dwell (ठहरना)

• Definition: To live or stay as a resident; to linger or focus on a particular thought or subject.
• Synonyms: Reside, Stay, Stop, Live, Wait.
• Antonyms: Move, Remove, Forsake.

39. Earnest (सच्चा)

• Definition: Showing sincere and intense conviction; serious in intention or purpose.
• Synonyms: Sincere, Eager, Determined, Serious, Grave.
• Antonyms: Trifling, Careless, Negligent.

40. Endanger (आपत्ति में डालना)

• Definition: To put someone or something at risk or in danger.
• Synonyms: Hazard, Jeopardise, Venture, Peril, Expose.
• Antonyms: Guard, Protect, Secure.

41. Endeavour (कोशिश करना)

• Definition: A strenuous effort to achieve a goal; to attempt earnestly.
• Synonyms: Attempt, Aim, Pursuit, Struggle, Aspire.
• Antonyms: Rest, Shun, Defer.

42. Enforce (बाध्य करना)

• Definition: To compel observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation.
• Synonyms: Urge, Compel, Force, Press.
• Antonyms: Neglect, Dodge, Dismiss.

43. Enterprise (साहसिक कार्य)

• Definition: A bold or complex project or undertaking, often involving risk or initiative.
• Synonyms: Endeavour, Boldness, Undertaking, Venture, Activity.
• Antonyms: Idleness, Inaction, Passiveness.

44. Exalt (बहुत प्रशंसा करना)

• Definition: To raise in rank, power, or character; to praise highly.
• Synonyms: Praise, Dignify.
• Antonyms: Degrade, Despise, Humiliate.

45. Fabric (रचना)

• Definition: Material or cloth; the structure or framework of something.
• Synonyms: Structure, Texture, Stuff, Material, Cloth.
• Antonyms: Destruction, Ruin, Disintegration.

46. Fabulous (काल्पनिक)

• Definition: Extraordinary, especially extraordinarily large; mythical or not real.
• Synonyms: Incredible, Amazing, Extraordinary.
• Antonyms: Historical, Usual.

47. Forbid (रोकना)

• Definition: To command someone not to do something; to prohibit.
• Synonyms: Prohibit, Restrain, Oppose, Prevent, Deprive.
• Antonyms: Encourage, Permit.

48. Foregoing (पूर्ववर्ती / पहले का / उपर्युक्त)

• Definition: Something that has been mentioned or written before; preceding.
• Synonyms: Preceding, Prior, Former, Antecedent, Anterior.
• Antonyms: Succeeding, Following, Behind.

49. Forthwith (तुरन्त)

• Definition: Immediately or without delay.
• Synonyms: Immediately, Directly, Instantly, Presently.
• Antonyms: Anon, Soon, Never.

50. Foster (उत्साह देना)

• Definition: To encourage or nurture the growth of something or someone.
• Synonyms: Encourage, Promote, Nurture, Support, Cultivate.
• Antonyms: Discourage, Hinder, Suppress, Neglect.