Short & Long Question Answers: Garbage In, Garbage Out | Basic Science for Primary 5 PDF Download

Short Q & A:

Q1: Rag pickers always suffer from diseases why?

Ans: Garbage dumps have flies, cockroaches and mosquitoes, which later turn into breeding grounds for micro-organisms that may cause disease. When rag pickers go near these garbage dumps, they get infected by these microorganisms and fall sick.

Q2: Why earthworm’s are called farmer friend?

Ans: An earthworm helps in vermi-composting and thus helps in increasing the fertility the soil. Thus they are called farmer’s friends.

Q3: Which kind of garbage is not converted into compost by the red worms?

Ans: Plastic bags, tins, bottles, glass, aluminum foils, broken bangles could not be converted into compost by the redworms.

Q4: Do you saw any any other organism other than earthworm in a compost pit?

Ans: Sometimes we do see small insects, bugs, beetles, spiders. Then there are microorganisms too.

Q5: Garbage disposal the responsibility only of the government? do you agree with the statement?

Ans: No, it is our responsibility also. We should use and reduce on garbage. We should use and reuse the thing before throwing it.

Q6: What do you do with the left over food at home?

Ans: We should do following to the left over food-

• Preserve properly and reuse
• Convert it to some other food preparation and consume.

Q7: If you and your friend are given the choice of eating in a plastic plate or a banana leaf platter at a party, which one would you prefer and why?

Ans: Banana leaf platter, because of following properties-

• easy disposal of leaf,
• easy to be recycled,
• more environment-friendly.

Q8: How will you make a vermi-composting pit?

Ans: A vermi-composting pit is made with a wooden box or big cement rings. A mesh is spread at the bottom of the pit. Vegetable waste, fruit waste, waste paper which is not shiny or coated with plastic, is spread over the mesh. Water is sprinkled to create moisture so that the red worms can live. A vermi composting pit takes nearly two to four weeks to completely convert waste into manure. Waste material that is rich in oils, salt, meat and vinegar stops the growth of red worms.  A red worm eats food equal to its weight every day. Red worms do not survive in too hot or too cold conditions.

Q9: Describe steps involved in recycling a paper.

Ans: Steps involved in recycling paper-

• Tear paper into small pieces.
• Soak these pieces in water for a day.
• Make a thick paste and spread it on a net or sieve.
• Let water drain off completely.
• Use an old cloth or newspaper to remove the extra water from the paste and dry it.
• Use this paste to get beautiful patterns

Q10: Enlist all plastic items that we use in our daily life.

Ans: We use many plastic items such as tooth brush, combs, containers, bottles, shoes, toys, wires, frames and bags every day but using plastic is very harmful in terms of health and as well as the environment.

Q11: Why plastics are not suitable for storing cooked foods?

Ans: Plastics are not suitable for storing cooked food because they emit harmful chemicals when they are exposed to high temperatures. Using plastics causes health problems such as heart disease, diabetes and reproductive dysfunction.

Q12: Why it is important to dispose plastics in a proper way?

Ans: Harmful gases are emitted from burning plastics, which cause cancer and they kill living beings. That is why plastics should be disposed in the right way.

Q13: Why polythene bags should be avoided for garbage disposal?

Ans: Plastics thrown casually get into drains and sewages, often blocking the way and causing water-logging. So polythene bags should not be used for garbage disposal.

Q14: Suggest any measure to prevent ourself from the dangerous effect of plastics?

Ans: Measures taken to prevent from the dangerous effects of plastics-

• Reduce, reuse and recycle plastics.
• Carry jute or cloth bags for shopping
• Do not store food items in plastic bags.
• Do not burn plastic items.
• Recycle plastics so that new plastic items can be made.

Q15: What kind of waste should be deposited in blue dustbin and in green dustbin?

Ans: Waste that does not decompose should be put in blue dustbins, while waste that decomposes easily should be put in green dustbins.

Q16: Explain vermi composting.

Ans: Conversion of the waste generated in the kitchen into organic matter with the combined action of earthworms and micro-organisms is called vermi composting . The organic matter so formed is used as manure for plants.

Q17: Explain the useful components of garbage.

Ans: Useful garbage components are those that can be decayed easily. The process of decaying is known as composting. Useful garbage components are fruit and vegetable waste, plant and animal waste, tea leaves, coffee grounds and paper. These useful components of garbage are converted into manure in the soil.

Q18: Explain the non- useful components of garbage.

Ans: Non-useful garbage components include polythene bags, plastics, glass and aluminum foils. These take longer to decay. Decaying of these non-useful components is known as decomposition. When non-useful components decay, they release harmful gases that damage the environment. To avoid the adverse impact, these garbage items are sent for recycling.

Long Q & A:

Q1: Explain the disadvantages of using plastics bags and measures to prevent from the dangerous effects of plastic bags.

Ans: We use many plastic items such as tooth brush, combs, containers, bottles, shoes, toys, wires, frames and bags every day but using plastic is very harmful in terms of health as well as the environment. Plastics are not suitable for storing cooked food because they emit harmful chemicals when they are exposed to high temperatures. Using plastics causes health problems such as heart disease, lungs infection and diabetes. Plastics should be disposed in the right way because harmful gases are emitted from burning plastics, which cause cancer and they kill living beings.
Measures taken to prevent from the dangerous effects of plastics:

• Reduce, reuse and recycle plastics.
• Carry jute or cloth bags for shopping.
• Do not store food items in plastic bags.
• Do not burn plastic items.
• Recycle plastics so that new plastic items can be made.
• Waste that does not decompose should be put in blue dustbins, while waste that decomposes easily should be put in green dustbins.