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Technological environment refers to the state of science and technology in the country and related aspects such as rate of technological progress, institutional arrangements for development and application of new technology, etc.

According to the well known economist J.K. Galbraith, technology means, “systematic application of scientific or other organised knowledge to practical tasks”.

Technology comprises of both machines (hard technology) and scientific thinking (soft technology) used to solve problems and promote progress. It consists of not only knowledge and methods required to carry on and improve production and distribution of goods and services but also entrepreneurial expertise and professional know how. Technology includes inventions and innovations.

The main features of technological environment are as follows :

  • Technological environment is a component of macro or indirect action environment.
  • Technological environment changes very fast.
  • Technological environment affects the manner in which the resources of the economy are converted into output.
  • Technological environment is self reinforcing. An invention in one place leads to a sequence of inventions in other places.
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FAQs on Technological environment - Commerce

1. What is the impact of technology on commerce?
Ans. Technology has revolutionized commerce by streamlining processes, enhancing efficiency, and expanding market reach. It enables businesses to automate tasks, improve customer experience, increase productivity, and explore new markets through online platforms and e-commerce.
2. How has technology transformed the retail industry?
Ans. Technology has significantly transformed the retail industry by introducing online shopping platforms, mobile payment systems, and personalized marketing strategies. It has created a seamless shopping experience, enabled data-driven decision-making, and empowered retailers to better understand customer preferences.
3. What are the key benefits of e-commerce for businesses?
Ans. E-commerce provides several benefits for businesses, such as increased global market reach, reduced overhead costs, 24/7 availability, personalized marketing, and improved customer insights. It also offers a platform for businesses to scale and expand rapidly.
4. How does technology impact supply chain management in commerce?
Ans. Technology has greatly impacted supply chain management in commerce by introducing tools like inventory management systems, real-time tracking, and data analytics. It enables businesses to optimize inventory levels, improve logistics, enhance transparency, and respond quickly to changing market demands.
5. What are the potential risks and challenges associated with technology in commerce?
Ans. While technology brings numerous benefits, it also presents certain risks and challenges. These include cybersecurity threats, data breaches, reliance on technology infrastructure, increased competition, privacy concerns, and the need for continuous technological updates and training.
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