CBSE Class 8 > Class 8 Notes > Social Studies (SST) > Short & Long Answer Question - Industries
Short & Long Answer Question - Industries
Q1. Define industry.
Ans: Industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or provision of services.
Ans: Industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or provision of services.
Q2. Name three common methods of classifying industries.
Ans: Industries are classified according to raw material used, size and ownership.
Ans: Industries are classified according to raw material used, size and ownership.
Q3. Expand the abbreviation AMUL. Where are its headquarters?
Ans: AMUL stands for Anand Milk Union Limited. Its headquarters are located in Anand, Gujarat.
Ans: AMUL stands for Anand Milk Union Limited. Its headquarters are located in Anand, Gujarat.
Q4. Name four common processes involved in a textile industry.
Ans:
Ans:
- Ginning: This is the process of separating cotton fibres from seeds.
- Spinning: Here, the cotton fibres are twisted into yarn.
- Weaving: This involves interlacing yarn to create fabric.
- Dyeing: In this step, the fabric is coloured using various dyes.
Q5. Name an industrial region in northern India.
Ans: The Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region is a prominent industrial area in northern India.
Ans: The Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region is a prominent industrial area in northern India.
Q6. Name some elements alloyed with steel.
Ans: Aluminium, nickel and copper are elements that are alloyed with steel.
Ans: Aluminium, nickel and copper are elements that are alloyed with steel.
Q7. What products do industrial plants in Jamshedpur produce?
Ans: Industrial plants produce chemicals, locomotive parts, agricultural equipment, machinery, tinplate, etc.
Ans: Industrial plants produce chemicals, locomotive parts, agricultural equipment, machinery, tinplate, etc.
Q8. What is the link between the mines and the industry in Pittsburgh?
Ans: The Great Lakes of North America lie between the mines and industrial plant in Pittsburgh.
Ans: The Great Lakes of North America lie between the mines and industrial plant in Pittsburgh.
Q9. Name two natural fibres and two human-made fibres.
Ans: Two natural fibres: wool, silk. Two human-made fibres: nylon, polyester.
Ans: Two natural fibres: wool, silk. Two human-made fibres: nylon, polyester.
Q10. Why is Bangalore called "Silicon Plateau"?
Ans: Bangalore is called Silicon Plateau because of the IT industry there, and the word "plateau" refers to the Deccan Plateau where it is located.
Ans: Bangalore is called Silicon Plateau because of the IT industry there, and the word "plateau" refers to the Deccan Plateau where it is located.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of ownership.
Ans: Industries can be classified based on ownership into four main categories:
Ans: Industries can be classified based on ownership into four main categories:
- Private Sector: Owned by individuals or groups.
- Public Sector: Owned by the government, such as Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.
- Joint Sector: Co-owned by the government and private individuals, with Maruti Udyog as a notable example.
- Cooperative Sector: Owned and operated by producers or suppliers, like AMUL and Sudha Dairy.
Q2. Give examples of industrial regions in India and the world.
Ans: The major industrial regions of the world include:
Ans: The major industrial regions of the world include:
- Eastern North America
- Western and Central Europe
- Eastern Europe
- Eastern Asia
In India, significant industrial regions are:
- Mumbai-Pune cluster
- Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region
- Hugli region
- Ahmedabad-Baroda region
- Chhotanagpur industrial belt
- Vishakhapatnam-Guntur belt
- Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region
- Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram industrial cluster
Q3. Write the properties and significance of steel.
Ans: Properties of Steel:
Ans: Properties of Steel:
- Toughness: Steel is strong and resistant to breaking.
- Malleability: It can be easily shaped into different forms.
- Ductility: Steel can be stretched into wires without breaking.
- Alloying: Adding elements like aluminium, nickel, or copper enhances its hardness and rust resistance.
Significance of Steel:
- Steel is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry.
- It is used in a wide range of everyday items, including:
- Vehicles such as ships, trains, and cars.
- Small items like needles and safety pins.
- Machinery and equipment.
- Buildings and infrastructure.
- Steel is essential for various industries, including construction and manufacturing.
Q4. What factors supported Sakchi being chosen to set up the steel plant by TISCO?
Ans: Sakchi was selected for the steel plant due to several key factors:
Ans: Sakchi was selected for the steel plant due to several key factors:
- Proximity to Kalimati Railway Station, only 32 km away.
- Access to essential raw materials such as iron ore, coal, and manganese.
- Nearby Kolkata provided a significant market for products.
- Easy access to Jharia coal fields and limestone from Odisha and Chhattisgarh.
- Nearby rivers, Kharkai and Subarnarekha, ensured a reliable water supply.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q: Write short notes on iron and steel industry in Pittsburgh
Ans: Pittsburgh is a significant steel city in the United States, known for its robust steel industry. Key points about the industry include:
Ans: Pittsburgh is a significant steel city in the United States, known for its robust steel industry. Key points about the industry include:
- Raw Materials: Local availability of coal and iron ore sourced from Minnesota.
- Transport Routes: The Great Lakes provide a cost-effective shipping route for ore, with trains facilitating transport to Pittsburgh.
- Water Supply: The Ohio, Monongahela, and Allegheny rivers ensure a reliable water source for production.
- Finished Products: Steel is transported to markets via both land and water routes.
- Industrial Diversity: The region hosts various factories producing items like chemicals and machinery, utilising steel as a primary material.
The document Short & Long Answer Question - Industries is a part of the Class 8 Course Social Studies (SST) Class 8.
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FAQs on Short & Long Answer Question - Industries
| 1. What are the different types of industries and how do they differ from each other? |  |
Ans. Industries are classified into three main categories: primary industries extract raw materials from nature (agriculture, mining, fishing); secondary industries process these raw materials into finished goods (manufacturing, textiles); tertiary industries provide services (transport, retail, healthcare). Each type plays a distinct role in the economy, with primary industries forming the foundation, secondary industries adding value, and tertiary industries supporting both production and consumption activities.
| 2. Why is the location of an industry important and what factors affect where industries are set up? | |
Ans. Industrial location depends on proximity to raw materials, availability of labour, access to markets, transport infrastructure, and water supply. A textile mill locates near cotton-growing regions; steel plants need iron ore and coal nearby. Power supply, government policies, and climate also influence decisions. Choosing the right location reduces production costs and increases efficiency, making it critical for industrial success and profitability.
| 3. How do small-scale industries differ from large-scale industries in terms of production and employment? | |
Ans. Small-scale industries require lower capital investment, produce goods in smaller quantities, and employ fewer workers but create more jobs proportionally. Large-scale industries demand significant capital, produce in bulk at lower per-unit costs, and employ hundreds of workers. Small-scale industries offer flexibility and support local economies; large-scale industries achieve mass production efficiency. Both contribute differently to economic growth and employment generation in India.
| 4. What is the difference between cottage industries and modern manufacturing industries for CBSE Class 8? | |
Ans. Cottage industries are home-based, use traditional methods and simple tools, and are operated by families or small groups with minimal investment. Modern manufacturing industries use advanced machinery, factory systems, and employ numerous workers with formal training. Cottage industries preserve traditional skills and support rural livelihoods; modern industries increase production capacity and economic output. Both remain essential to India's industrial economy and employment structure today.
| 5. What are the main environmental issues caused by industries and how can they be controlled? | |
Ans. Industries cause air and water pollution through emissions and waste discharge, deplete natural resources, and generate solid waste. Control measures include installing pollution-control equipment, treating waste before disposal, adopting cleaner technologies, and enforcing environmental regulations. Sustainable industrial practices reduce harm to ecosystems and public health. Government policies and corporate responsibility are essential for balancing industrial growth with environmental protection and conservation.
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