Manufacturing Industries Important Question & Answer | Geography for Grade 12 PDF Download

Q.1 How much is the contribution of manufacturing industries in the gross domestic of India?
Ans: 27%.

Q.2When is the modern industry supposed to have started in India?
Ans: 1854 when first cotton textile mill with Indian capital and enterprise was established in Mumbai.

Q 3 What was the major objectives of the industrial policy adopted after independence?
Ans: To reduce the regional imbalances in industrial development.

Q.4 Where were the three public sectors of iron and steel plants established during the Second five-year plan?
Ans: Bhilai, Durgapur, Rourkela.

Q.5 During which five-year plan was the policy of industrial liberalization adopted?
Ans: Eighth Five Year Plan.

Q.6 In which two categories can the industries be classified on the basis of the raw material?
Ans: Agro-based and mineral-based.

Q.7 When was the first modern cotton textile mill established in India?
Ans: At Kolkata in 1818.

Q.8 Name the largest centers of cotton textile industry in Maharashtra and Gujarat.
Ans: Mumbai and Ahmadabad

Q.9. How much is the contribution of power loom in the total textile production of India?
Ans: 82.8 per cent

Q.10 Which state is the largest producer of cotton textiles in India?
Ans: Maharashtra

Q.11 Which is the most serious problem faced by jute industry?
Ans: Development of alternative packaging materials like plastic

Q.12 What is the rank of India among the sugar producing countries in the world?
Ans: First

Q.13 How much is the sugar recovery rate for sugar cane in south India?
Ans: 14 to 16 per cent

Q.14 Give an example of knowledge-based industry.
Ans: computer software.

Q.15 What is called “Golden Collar” industry?
Ans: Knowledge based industry

Q.16 How many principle industrial centers are there in India?
Ans: Eight

Q17. Why do you think that the iron and steel industry is basics to the industrial development of any country?
Ans. The iron and steel industry is basic to the industrial development of any country because iron and steel forms the basis of infrastructure for industrial development. Steel is used as basic material in the manufacture of metal products, electrical machinery, transport equipment etc.

Q18. What is the major impact of Information Technology (IT) revolution in India?
Ans. Information technology has had a profound influence on the countries economy. The information technology (IT) revolution opened up new possibilities of economic and social transformation. The IT and IT enabled business process out sourcing service continue to be on a robust growth path.

Q19.Explain with suitable examples any three factors responsible for the development of Hooghli industrial belt.
Ans. The following factors are responsible for the development of Hooghli industrial belt:
1. Kolkata the best inland river port nucleus for the development of this region.
2. Ganga and Brahmaputra provide ideal inland waterways in the surrounding area.
3. Road and railways is well developed in the hinterland of Kolkata.
4. Coal as the main source of power is available from chhota Nagpur plateau.
5. Cheap labour is available from the thickly populated area.

Q20. Explain main factors responsible for dispersal of cotton textile industry in India.
Ans. Process of dispersal of cotton textile industry starts after 1921. Initially the dispersal was due to the following two reasons:
Expansion of railway lines in different peninsular regions joining the centres like Coimbatore, Madurai, Mangalore, Nagpur, Indore, Sholapur etc. All the above centres were favourable located in the proximity of cotton growing areas, near the market and cheap labour required for the industry.
Cotton textile industry expanded to other centres due to different reasons.
It developed in places due to additional advantages such as:
1. Nearness to coal mines (Nagpur).
2. Excellent financial facilities (Kanpur.).
3. Wide market with port facilities (Kolkata).
Cotton textile industry also developed in South India. Reasons are:
1.Expansion of spinning mills at Coimbatore and Madurai in Tamil Nadu.
2. Hydro-electric power from the Pykara Project and readiness of the local industrialists to take the advantages of the new source of power.

Q21. Write three points to stress the impotence of knowledge based industry.
Ans. The advancement in IT has affected:
(i) The country’s economy: It has opened up new possibilities of economic and social transformation.
(ii) This sector is especially concerned with research and development. In the economically developed nations people engaged with these industries are characterized by the highest income.
(iii) Many science and software technology parks have emerged which are training centers and absorbing many software professionals, expert software and the professional services are also exported.
(iv) People’s lifestyle and work style has also changed.

Q:-22 Write the Salient features of Mumbai- Pune Industrial region.
Ans:- Location:-The region extends along the cost of the Arabian Sea in Maharashtra it is extend up to Pune to the Southernmost of Mumbai. Main industrial centres are Mumbai, Kurla and Ghatkopar, Ville Parle, Andheri Thane ,Kalyan and Pimpri to Pune development of this region started with the location of textile mills in Mumbai. The factor which favour the growth of this region the following: -
1) Nearness of cotton (Raw Material) producing area.
2) Source of Energy: Because of establishment of many power plant the supply of electricity is available.
3) Climate: Climate is humid which is suitable for cotton textile industry.
4) Capital And Banking Facilities: Mumbai is a major trading metropolis. Capital and banking facilities are there for easily available.
5) Port Facilities: Mumbai is a port which is connected with other centers. Transport facilities are also available. The railways and roadways connect this region to the other part of country.
6) Market: The region has easy access to international market.
7) Labour: Skilled labour and unskilled labour is easily available. Important industry are cotton textile which is dominated industry other industries are chemical, synthetic textile, engineering good drugs electrical ship building transport automobile food processing etc.