Civil Engineering (CE) Exam > Civil Engineering (CE) Notes > Fluid Mechanics for Civil Engineering > Past Year Questions: Buoyancy and Floatation
Past Year Questions: Buoyancy and Floatation | Fluid Mechanics for Civil Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE) PDF Download
Q1: A cylinder (2.0 m diameter, 3.0 m long and 25 kN weight) is acted upon by water on one side and oil (specific gravity = 0.8) on other side as shown in the figure.
The absolute ratio of the net magnitude of vertical forces to the net magnitude of horizontal forces (round off to two decimal places) is _____________ [2021, Set-I]
Ans: 0.35 to 0.4
Net horizontal force (FH) due to liquids
FH = 105.948kN(→)
Net vertical force (Fv) due to liquids
Q2: For a body completely submerged in a fluid, the centre of gravity (G) and centre of Buoyancy (0) are known. The body is considered to be in stable equilibrium if [2011 : 1 Mark]
(a) O does not coincide with the centre of mass of the displaced fluid
(b) G coincides with the centre of mass of the displaced fluid
(c) O lies below G
(d) O lies above G
Ans: (d)
A completely submerged body will be in stable equilibrium when CG lies below the centre of buoyancy. It will be in unstable equilibrium when CG lies above the centre of buoyancy. And when the CG coincides with the centre of buoyancy, the body will be in neutral equilibrium.
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FAQs on Past Year Questions: Buoyancy and Floatation - Fluid Mechanics for Civil Engineering - Civil Engineering (CE)
| 1. What is buoyancy and how does it affect objects in water? |  |
Ans.Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an object immersed in it. This force allows objects to float or rise in water. If the buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object, it will float; if less, it will sink.
| 2. What are the factors that determine whether an object will float or sink? | |
Ans.The main factors include the density of the object compared to the density of the fluid. An object will float if its density is less than that of the fluid. Additionally, the shape and volume of the object can also influence its ability to float.
| 3. How does Archimedes’ principle relate to buoyancy? | |
Ans.Archimedes’ principle states that any object submerged in a fluid experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. This principle explains why objects float or sink based on their volume and the density of the fluid.
| 4. Can you explain the difference between floating and submerged objects? | |
Ans.Floating objects are partially above the surface of the fluid, experiencing a balance between their weight and the buoyant force. Submerged objects are fully below the surface and may experience a buoyant force, but if their weight exceeds this force, they will sink.
| 5. Why do some objects float in saltwater but sink in freshwater? | |
Ans.Objects may float in saltwater due to its higher density compared to freshwater. When an object is placed in saltwater, the increased buoyant force can support it, whereas in freshwater, the same object might not displace enough water to generate sufficient buoyancy, causing it to sink.
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