Ques.10. If 9th term of an A.P is zero, prove that its 29th term is double the 19th term.Ans. In the given problem, the 9
th term of an A.P. is zero.
Here, let us take the first term of the A.P as a and the common difference as d
So, as we know,
a
n = a + (n - 1)d
We get,
a
9 = a + (9 - 1)d
0 = a + 8 d
a = -8d ...(1)
Now, we need to prove that 29
th term is double of 19
th term. So, let us first find the two terms.
For 19
th term (n = 19),
a
19 = a + (19 - 1)d
= -8d + 18d (Using 1)
= 10d
For 29
th term (n = 29),
a
29 = a + (29 − 1)d (Using 1)
= −8d + 28d
= 20d
= 2 × 10d
=2 × a
19Therefore, for the given A.P. the 29
th term is double of the 19
th term.
Hence proved.
Ques.11. If 10 times the 10th term of an A.P. is equal to 15 times the 15th term, show that 25th term of the A.P. is zero.
Ans. Here, let us take the first term of the A.P. as a and the common difference as d
We are given that 10 times the 10
th term is equal to 15 times the 15
th term. We need to show that 25
th term is zero.
So, let us first find the two terms.
So, as we know,
a
n = a + (n - 1)d
For 10
th term (n = 10),
a
10 = a + (10 - 1)d
= a + 9d
For 15
th term (n = 15),
a
15 = a + (15 - 1)d
= a + 14d
Now, we are given,
10(a + 9d) = 15(a + 14d)
Solving this, we get,
10a + 90d = 15a + 210d
90d - 210d = 15a - 10a
- 120d = 5a
-24d = a ...(i)
Next, we need to prove that the 25
th term of the A.P. is zero. For that, let us find the 25
th term using n = 25,
a
25 = a + (25 - 1)d
= -24d + 24d (Using 1)
= 0
Thus, the 25th term of the given A.P. is zero.
Hence proved
Ques.12. In a certain A.P. the 24th term is twice the 10th term. Prove that the 72nd term is twice the 34th term.
Ans. Here, we are given that 24
th term is twice the 10th term, for a certain A.P. Here, let us take the first term of the A.P. as a and the common difference as d
We have to prove that a
72 = 2a
34So, let us first find the two terms.
As we know,
a
n = a + (n - 1)d
For 10
th term (n = 10),
a
10 = a + (10 - 1)d
= a + 9d
For 24
th term (n = 24),
a
24 = a + (24 - 1)d
= a + 23d
Now, we are given that a
24 = 2a
10 So, we get,
a + 23d = 2(a + 9d)
a + 23d = 2a + 18d
23d - 18d = 2a - a
5d = a ...(1)
Further, we need to prove that the 72
nd term is twice of 34
th term. So let now find these two terms,
For 34
th term (n = 34),
a
34 = a + (34 - 1)d
= 5d + 33d (Using 1)
= 38d
For 72
nd term (n = 72),
a
72 = a + (72 - 1)d
= 5d + 71d (Using 1)
= 76d
= 2(38d)
Therefore, a
72 = 2a
34Ques.13. The 26th, 11th and last term of an A.P. are 0, 3 and -(1/5), respectively. Find the common difference and the number of terms.
Ans. It is given that, a
26 = 0, a
11 = 3, a
n = −(1/5).
⇒ a + 25d = 0 .....(i)
⇒ a + 10d = 3 .....(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i).
15d = −3
⇒ d = −(1/5)
⇒ a = −25d = 5
Now, a
n = a +(n − 1)d
⇒ −(1/5) = 5 + (n − 1)(−(1/5))
⇒ −(1/5) - 5 = (n−1)(−(1/5))
⇒ n = 27
Ques.14. The 4th term of an A.P. is three times the first and the 7th term exceeds twice the third term by 1. Find the first term and the common difference.
Ans. In the given problem, let us take the first term as a and the common difference as d
Here, we are given that,
a
4 = 3a ...(1)
a
7 = 2a
3 + 1 ...(2)
We need to find a and d
So, as we know,
a
n = a + (n - 1)d
For the 4
th term (n = 4),
a
4 = a + (4 - 1)d
3a = a + 3d
2a = 3d
a = (3/2)d
Similarly, for the
3rd term (n = 3),
a
3 = a + (3 - 1)d
= a + 2d
Also, for the 7
th term (n = 7),
a
7 = a + (7 - 1)d
= a + 6d ...(3)
Now, using the value of a
3 in equation (2), we get,
a7 = 2(a + 2d) + 1
= -2a + 4d + 1 ...(4)
Equating (3) and (4), we get,
a + 6d = 2a + 4d + 1
6d - 4d - 2a + a = +1
2d - a = +1
2d - (3/2)d = 1 (a = 3/2(d))
On further simplification, we get,
d = (1)(2)
d = 2
Now, to find a,
a = 3/2(d)
a = 3/2(2)
a = 3
Therefore, for the given A.P d = 2, a = 3
Ques.15. Find the second term and nth term of an A.P. whose 6th term is 12 and 8th term is 22.
Ans. In the given problem, we are given 6th and 8th term of an A.P.
We need to find the 2
nd and n
th term
Here, let us take the first term as a and the common difference as d
We are given,
a
6 = 12
a
8 = 22
Now, we will find a
6 and a
8 using the formula a
n = a + (n - 1)d
So,
a
6 = a + (6 - 1)d
12 = a + 5d ...(1)
Also,
a
8 = a + (8 - 1)d
22 = a + 7d ...(2)
So, to solve for a and d
On subtracting (1) from (2), we get
22 - 12 = (a +7d) - (a + 5d)
10 = a + 7d - a - 5d
10 = 2d
d = 10/2
d = 5 ...(3)
Substituting (3) in (1), we get
12 = a + 5(5)
a = 12 - 25
a = -13
Thus,
a = -13
d = 5
So, for the 2
nd term (n = 2),
a
2 = -13 + (2 - 1)5
= -13 + (1)5
= -13 + 5
= -8
For the nth term,
a
n = -13 + (n - 1)5
= -13 + 5n - 5
= -18 + 5n
Therefore, a
2 = -8, a
n = 5n - 18
Ques.16. How many numbers of two digit are divisible by 3?
Ans. In this problem, we need to find out how many numbers of two digits are divisible by 3.
So, we know that the first two digit number that is divisible by 3 is 12 and the last two digit number divisible by 3 is 99. Also, all the terms which are divisible by 3 will form an A.P. with the common difference of 3.
So here,
First term (a) = 12
Last term (a
n) = 99
Common difference (d) = 3
So, let us take the number of terms as n
Now, as we know, a
n = a + (n - 1)d
So, for the last term,
99 = 12 + (n - 1)3
99 = 12 + 3n - 3
99 = 9 + 3n
99 - 9 = 3n
Further simplifying,
90 = 3n
n = 90/3
n = 30
Therefore, the number of two digit terms divisible by 3 is 30.
Ques.17. An A.P. consists of 60 terms. If the first and the last terms be 7 and 125 respectively, find the 32nd term.
Ans. In the given problem, we need to find the 32
nd term of an A.P. which contains a total of 60 terms.
Here we are given the following,
First term (a) = 7
Last term (a
n) = 125
Number of terms (n) = 60
So, let us take the common difference as d
Now, as we know,
a
n = a + (n - 1)
So, for the last term,
125 = 7 + (60 - 1)d
125 = 7 + (59)d
125 - 7 = 59d
118 = 59d
Further simplifying,
d = 118/59
d = 2
So, for the 32
nd term (n = 32)
a
32 = 7 + (32 - 1)2
= 7 + (31)2
= 7 + 62
= 69
Therefore, the 32
nd term of the given A.P. is 69.
Ques.18. The sum of 4th and 8th terms of an A.P. is 24 and the sum of the 6th and 10th terms is 34. Find the first term and the common difference of the A.P.
Ans. In the given problem, the sum of 4
th and 8
th term is 24 and the sum of 6
th and 10
th term is 34.
We can write this as,
a
4 + a
8 = 24 ...(1)
a
6 + a
10 = 34 ...(2)
We need to find a and d
For the given A.P., let us take the first term as a and the common difference as d
As we know,
a
n = a + (n - 1)d
For 4
th term (n = 4),
a
4 = a + (4 - 1)d
= a + 3d
For 8
th term (n = 8),
a
8 = a + (8 - 1)d
= a + 7d
So, on substituting the above values in (1), we get,
(a + 3d) + (a + 7d) = 24
2a + 10d = 24 ...(3)
Also, for 6
th term (n = 6),
a
6 = a + (6 - 1)d
= a + 5d
For 10
th term (n = 10),
a
10 = a + (10 - 1)d
= a + 9d
So, on substituting the above values in (2), we get,
(a + 5d)+(a + 9d) = 34
2a + 14d = 34 ...(4)
Next we simplify (3) and (4). On subtracting (3) from (4), we get,
(2a + 14d)-(2a + 10d) = 34 - 24
2a + 14d - 2a - 10d = 10
4d = 10
d = 10/4
d = 5/2
Further, using the value of d in equation (3), we get,
a + 10(5/2) = 24
2a + 5(5) = 24
2a + 25 = 24
2a = 24 - 25
On further simplifying, we get,
2a = -1
a = ((-1)/2)
Therefore, for the given A.P a = ((-1)/2) and d = 5/2.
Ques.19. The first term of an A.P. is 5 and its 100th term is −292. Find the 50th term of this A.P.
Ans. In the given problem, we are given 1
st and 100
th term of an A.P.
We need to find the 50
th term
Here,
a = 5
a
100 = -292
Now, we will find d using the formula a
n = a + (n - 1)d
So,
Also,
a
100 = a + (100 - 1)d
-292 = a + 99d
So, to solve for d
Substituting a = 5, we get
-292 = 5 + 99d
-292 - 5 = 99d
((-297)/99) = d
d = -3
Thus,
a = 5, d = -3, n = 50
Substituting the above values in the formula, a
n = a + (n - 1)d
a
50 = 5 + (50 - 1)(-3)
a
50 = 5 - 147
a
50 = -142
Therefore, a
50 = -142.
Ques.20. Find a30 − a20 for the A.P.
(i) −9, −14, −19, −24, ...
(ii) a,a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, ...
Ans. In this problem, we are given different A.P. and we need to find a
30 - a
20.
(i) A.P. −9, −14, −19, −24, ...
Here,
First term (a) = -9
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = -14 - (-9)
= -14 + 9
= -5
Now, as we know,
a
n = a + (n - 1)d
Here, we find a
30 and a
20So, for 30
th term,
a
30 = a + (30 - 1)d
= -9 + (29)(-5)
= -9 - 145
= -154
Also, for 20
th term,
a
20 = a + (20 - 1)d
= -9 + (19)(-5)
= -9 - 95
= -104
So,
a
30 - a
20 = -154 - (-104)
= -154 + 104
= -50
Therefore, for the given A.P a
30 - a
20 = -50
(ii) A.P. a,a + d, a + 2d, a + 3d, ...
Here,
First term (a) = a
Common difference of the A.P. (d) = a + d - a = d
Now, as we know,
a
n = a + (n - 1)d
Here, we find a
30 and a
20.
So, for 30
th term,
a
30 = a + (30 - 1)d
= a + (29)d
Also, for 20
th term,
a
20 = a + (20 - 1)d
= a + (19)d
So,
a
30 - a
20 = (a + 29d)-(a + 19d)
= a + 29d - a - 19d
= 10d
Therefore, for the given A.P. a
30 − a
20 = 10d.