Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should the government ban microfinance institutions? Arguments: I. Yes. They’re running in huge losses owing to the low degree of repayment of loans by the poor families. II. No. It’s the sole source of easy finance and loans for the poor.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: D
Running in huge losses is not a good enough reason for banning the microfinance institutions unless they are in violation of laws and regulations. Thus, I is weak. Further, microfinance institutions are definitely not the sole source of easy finance and loans for the poor as peers, and other banks as well as the local moneylenders are other sources of finance for them. Thus, II is also a weak argument.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should urban development be given preference instead of heritage preservation? Arguments: I. Yes. With the increase in population, we need more housing, and we need to provide more facilities to people, which require more land. II. No. Our age-old heritage should not be destroyed like this.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: A
In today’s scenario, I definitely holds true. With the booming population, we continually need more land to accommodate more and more people and give them basic amenities. II is vague and does not provide any argument for not tinkering with the age old heritage. Thus, II is a weak argument.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should the social networking websites totally ban the registration of minors? Arguments: I. Yes. The minors are easily distracted by such websites. II. No. It helps the minors exercise their freedom of speech and expression as they voice their opinion on such websites.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: D
I doesn’t specify the context in which the minors are distracted due to such websites. Further, such distractions are common to both minors and adults, which is the primary reason why social networking websites are banned at many workplaces. Thus, I is weak. II is weak as there are other ways of exercising legitimate freedom of speech and expression, and giving them access to social networking websites just for exercising this freedom would be erroneous.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should the reality shows be banned by the government? Arguments: I. Yes. Such reality shows are against the Indian values and traditions and thus, should be stopped. II. No. That will be infringing upon their freedom of speech and expression.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: B
Not all reality shows are against Indian values, and thus cannot be stopped. Thus, I is not strong. II is strong as stopping or banning of all the reality shows, without adequate reasons, will be infringing upon their freedom of speech and expression. Thus, only II holds strong.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should love marriages be banned by the government? Arguments: I. Yes. They are destroying the social fabric of the society. II. No. What will lovers do then?
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: D
Though it’s a debated proposition, many love marriages are indeed more successful than arranged ones, and secondly, the same cannot be said to be destroying the social fabric, which is essentially a vague term and varies from society to society. Many communities in India prefer love marriages to arranged ones. Thus I is a weak argument. II is vague and is not proving any argument.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should smaller states be carved out of bigger states? Arguments: I. Yes. This will lead to better governance, resource allocation and problem identification. II. No. It will create more problems than solutions.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: A
Even with all its inherent problems, experience show that smaller states do have better governance, resource allocation and problem identification. Thus, I is strong. II only states a vague proposition and has not provided any argument in its favour. Thus, only I holds strong.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should FDI be allowed in the Indian multi brand retail sector? Arguments: I. No. This will disturb our unorganized retail sector which is around 90% of the total retail sector of India. II. Yes. As foreign retailers will invest massively in cold storage which will help in reducing the post-harvest wastage, a problem India has been facing lately.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: B
Just because it might disturb the unorganized retail sector is not an argument strong enough to disallow FDI. On the other hand, a slow and gradual transition from unorganized retail to organized retail should be the aim of the government. Thus, I is a weak argument. Experience show that foreign retailers do invest massively in cold storage, which will definitely help in solving India’s current problem in this area, which is post-harvest wastage. Thus, only II is strong.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should FDI be allowed in the Indian multi brand retail sector? Arguments: I. Yes. This will result in farmers getting a better price for their produce, as most of the middlemen will be either eliminated or regularly monitored. II. No. This will result in massive increase in unemployment as a significantly high percentage of middlemen will be eliminated.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: E
Both the arguments are equally strong. If middlemen are eliminated, the companies will source directly from the farmers, which will result in farmers getting a better price for their produce. Thus, I holds. However, when these middlemen are eliminated, it’ll also result in a massive unemployment as there currently are various layers of middlemen groups comprising transporters, distributors etc. Thus, even argument II holds.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should FDI be allowed in the Indian multi brand retail sector? Arguments: I. Yes. This will facilitate the entry of big retail brands which will sell the common consumer products at a much lower price. II. Yes. As it will result in creation of more blue collar jobs, and also white collar jobs for managing massive retail stores in various parts of India.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: E
Both the arguments are strong and desirable. It’s true that various multi-brand retail chains skim down the backend costs to make the common products available at a much cheaper price. Secondly, such multi-brand retail chains will also create more employment opportunities as they’ll inevitably have to hire locals for the everyday jobs. Thus, both I and II hold true.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Try yourself:Directions: This question given below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the following arguments is a ‘strong’ argument and which is a ‘weak’ argument. Statement: Should social networking websites be forced to remove content found objectionable by the government? Arguments: I. Yes. As some of the content might hurt the religious or spiritual sentiments of the people. II. No. As the government cannot tinker with the freedom of speech and expression of the people who produce such content.
A
If only argument I is strong
B
If only argument II is strong
C
If either I or II is strong
D
If neither I nor II is strong
E
If both I and II are strong
Correct Answer: A
Only I is strong. If the content is hurting the religious or spiritual sentiments of people, the government should get such content removed. It is also incorrect to assume that the government cannot tinker with freedom of speech and expression of people. Our Constitution, which has given such freedoms to people, has also stated the limitations on such freedoms and thus the government will clearly be in its right to remove the objectionable content.
FAQs on Practice Questions: Statement and Arguments
1. What is the importance of statement and arguments in logical reasoning?
Ans. Statement and arguments play a crucial role in logical reasoning as they help in analyzing and evaluating the logical validity of a given statement. By examining the arguments presented, we can determine if they provide sufficient evidence or reasoning to support the given statement.
2. How can one identify the main argument in a given statement?
Ans. To identify the main argument in a given statement, one should look for the central idea or the main point being conveyed. This can be done by examining the supporting evidence, examples, or reasoning provided in the statement. The main argument is usually the most significant and persuasive part of the statement.
3. What is the difference between a strong and weak argument?
Ans. A strong argument is one that is well-supported by evidence, reasoning, or facts. It is more likely to be true or valid and has a higher degree of persuasiveness. On the other hand, a weak argument lacks sufficient evidence or reasoning to support its claim and is less convincing. It is more prone to being false or invalid.
4. How can one evaluate the strength of an argument?
Ans. The strength of an argument can be evaluated by considering the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence or reasoning provided. One should assess if the argument is based on reliable sources, logical reasoning, and factual information. Additionally, the counterarguments or opposing viewpoints should also be examined to understand the overall strength of the argument.
5. Can a statement have multiple arguments?
Ans. Yes, a statement can have multiple arguments. Different individuals or sources may present various perspectives or viewpoints to support or oppose a given statement. It is important to consider all the arguments presented and evaluate their strength individually to have a comprehensive understanding of the statement's logical validity.
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