CBSE Class 6 > Class 6 Notes > English Grammar > Verbs Finite, Non-finite Forms
Verbs Finite, Non-finite Forms
The Gerund
A Gerund is that form of verb which ends in 'ing' and has the force of a Noun and a Verb.
It is also called Verbal Noun.
Uses of the Gerund
A gerund can be used in various ways as under.
- Subject of a verb:
Walking is a good exercise.
Gardening is my hobby. - Object of a verb:
I like swimming.
Stop talking at once. - Object of a preposition:
He is fond of swimming.
Santosh is good at dancing.
The Infinitives
The Infinitive may be used (i) with to (ii) without to
Infinitive with to: It performs all the functions of a Noun:
(a) To tell lies is a sin. (subject to a verb)
(b) To advise others is easy. (subject to a verb)
When to + infinitive is used as subject, two constructions are possible; as,
- To tell lies is a sin. It is a sin to tell lies.
To advise others is easy. It is easy to advise others. - Preeti stood up to ask a question. (object to a preposition)
He was about to speak. - He appears to be sad. (complement of a verb)
My hobby is to collect stamps. - He is too weak to walk. (too - to)
He is so weak that he cannot walk.
The Participle
A participle is a non-finite verb-form that is used in compound form of a verb or as an adjective. So participles are called Verbal Adjectives also.
There are two kinds of Participles:
- Present Participle
- Past Participle
The Present Participle
A Present Participle is a word which ends in 'ing' and is partly a Verb and partly an Adjective. The Present Participle expresses a going on action as an adjective. It is always active in form.
Examples of Present Participle:
- You are playing a losing game.
- Barking dogs seldom bite.
- A rolling stone gathers no moss.
- I found the child weeping.
Q.1. What is participle?
Ans: A participle is a non-finite verb-form that is used in compound form of a verb or as an adjective.
Q.2. What do you know about a Finite Verb Form?
Ans: A verb which is limited by the rules of number, person, tense and voice is known as a Finite Verb Form.
Q.3. What is Gerund?
Ans: A Gerund is that form of verb which ends in "ing" and has the force of a Noun and a Verb.
Q.4. What is a Non-Finite Verb Form?
Ans: A verb which is not limited by the rules of number, person, tense and voice is known as a Non-Finite Verb Form.
The Past Participle
The Past Participle is another name of the third form of a verb. The Past Participle expresses a perfect action as an adjective. It is always passive in form.
Examples of Past Participle:
- I saw a wounded soldier.
- She is tired.
- A burnt child dreads the fire.
- He looks worried
- Throw this broken glass away.
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FAQs on Verbs Finite, Non-finite Forms
| 1. What are finite verbs? |  |
Ans. Finite verbs are verbs that are conjugated according to the number and person of the subject in a sentence. They indicate tense, mood, and agreement with the subject. In simple terms, finite verbs show actions or states that are happening in the present, past, or future, and they change based on the subject.
| 2. Can you provide examples of finite verbs? | |
Ans. Certainly! Here are some examples of finite verbs: - "I eat breakfast every morning." In this sentence, "eat" is a finite verb, conjugated for the first person singular subject "I" in the present tense. - "She danced gracefully at the party." Here, "danced" is a finite verb, conjugated for the third person singular subject "she" in the past tense.
| 3. What are non-finite verbs? | |
Ans. Non-finite verbs are verbs that do not indicate tense, mood, or agreement with the subject. They are not conjugated based on the subject and can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs in a sentence. Non-finite verbs include infinitives, gerunds, and participles.
| 4. How can non-finite verbs be used in sentences? | |
Ans. Non-finite verbs have various uses in sentences. Here are examples of how each type of non-finite verb can be used: - Infinitives: "To swim is my favorite activity." Here, "to swim" functions as a noun, the subject of the sentence. - Gerunds: "Running helps me stay fit." In this sentence, "running" acts as a noun, the object of the verb "helps." - Participles: "The broken vase needs to be fixed." Here, "broken" functions as an adjective, describing the noun "vase."
| 5. Are there any differences between finite and non-finite verbs? | |
Ans. Yes, there are differences between finite and non-finite verbs. Finite verbs show tense, mood, and agreement with the subject, while non-finite verbs do not. Finite verbs change their form based on the subject and indicate when an action is happening. On the other hand, non-finite verbs do not change their form based on the subject and can function as other parts of speech in a sentence.
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