Waste Management NCERT Solutions | Health and Physical Education for Class 9 PDF Download

Answer the following Questions

Q.1. Why is it necessary to segregate our garbage at source?

The most important step for waste management is segregation of our garbage at source in separate bins. Because we should be aware of the environmental and health hazards associated with solid wastes. By practicing waste segregation we can reduce the volume of solid waste which reduces dumping so that prevents groundwater contamination through continuous contact with the deposited waste and also it reduces health risk. That is why it is necessary to segregate our garbage at source.

Q.2. List at least four environmental friendly practices that can help to reduce, reuse and recycle waste or garbage.

• Composting is a common practice to reduce the volume of kitchen waste.
• Items such as wrapping papers, cardboard boxes and chocolate boxes can be reused to store other things.
• Items such as old newspapers, magazines, bottles, tins etc which products can be sold because these products can be utilised as raw materials for manufacturing other products. This is an example of recycling practice.
• Refuse offer of plastic bags and use cloth bags instead of plastic bags for shopping is one the environment friendly practices. These four examples of environmental friendly practices that can help to reduce, reuse and recycle waste or garbage.

Q.3. What are the health risks faced by rag pickers? Suggest two measures for their safety.

Rag-pickers are mostly at risk to contract diarrhea, typhoid, dysentery, cholera and gastroenteritis due to bacterial contamination. For their safety, they should wear proper uniform, masks and safety gloves and properly wash their hands with sanitizer.

Q.4. Toxic waste, hospital waste and soiled waste should be disposed of with great care. Explain why?

Toxic waste causes serious problem to our health and to the environment. Hospital wastes and soiled wastes such as the needles, surgical knives, and other surgical instruments called ‘sharps’ have to be disposed of carefully, being pricked with infected needles can transmit diseases like HIV, Hepatitis B and C that is why toxic waste, hospital waste and soiled waste should be disposed of with great care.

Q.5. Mention some of the health hazards associated with open garbage dumps.

Dysentery, cholera and gastroenteritis are some of the health hazards associated with open garbage dumps.

Q.6. What is the difference between biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste? How does non-biodegradable material affect our environment?

Main difference between biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste is Biodegradable wastes can be easily broken down by nature but nonbiodegradable waste cannot be broken down easily, and  retain their form for a long period of time. Non-biodegradable material such as glass, plastics etc. affect our environment by many ways. For example these non-biodegradable materials contaminate soil, water resources as they can not be decomposed by microorganism and that degrades the quality of land, water resources.

Q.7. Suggest some ways of minimising the use of plastics in our daily life. What are the health hazards associated with plastic?

There are the following ways of minimising the use of plastics in our daily life:

• Using cloth bags instead of plastic bags for shopping.
• Stop using plastic straws.
• Use reusable bottle for beverages etc.

Uses of Plastic can causes cancer, ulcers, skin diseases etc.

Q.8. Which of these items cannot be recycled?
(a) Jars
(b) Bottles
(c) Bulbs
(d) Paper

Correct Answer is Option (c)

Q.9. Composting is an appropriate method for dealing with
(a) commercial waste
(b) domestic waste
(c) organic waste
(d) industrial waste

Correct Answer is Option (c)

Q.10. Which of these is not a biodegradable waste?
(a) Vegetable peel
(b) Wool
(c) Fruits
(d) Tin

Correct Answer is Option (d)