Lakhmir Singh & Manjit Kaur: Crop Production And Management- 1 | Science Class 8 PDF Download

Q1: Which agricultural practice is carried out with the help of a sickle?

Ans: A sickle is a hand-held agricultural tool used for harvesting, or reaping crops.
Harvesting in our country is either done manually by sickle or by a machine called harvester. The other agricultural practices which are done by sickle are: preparing hay and also cutting some crops.

Q2 : What name is given to the cutting and gathering of a food crop like wheat or paddy?

Ans: The cutting and gathering of mature food crop like wheat or paddy is known as harvesting.

Q3: Name the tool (or implement) used in the traditional harvesting of crops.

Ans: Sickle is general purpose of harvesting tool which is used in the traditional harvesting of crops.

Q4: Name the process of beating out the grains from harvested crop.

Ans: The process of beating out the grains from the harvested crop plants is called threshing.

Q5: Name the machine used in recovering the grain from already cut crop.

Ans: A machine called combine is used for harvesting and threshing (Cutting of standing crop and recovering grains).

Q6: Name the machine which does the cutting of standing crops and recovers the grain too.

Ans: A machine called combine is used for harvesting and threshing (Cutting of standing crop and recovering grains).

Q7: Name the process in which grains are separated from chaff and hay with the help of wind.

Ans: The process in which grains are separated from chaff with the help of wind is called winnowing.

Q8: Name three food materials obtained from animals.

Ans: The food materials that we obtain from animals are milk, meat and eggs.

Q9: Name two domestic animals which are used to obtained milk.

Ans: Cow and buffalo are two domestic animals which are used to obtained milk.

Q10: Name one meat yielding animal and one egg yielding animal.

Ans: Goat is meat yielding animal and hen is egg yielding animal.

Q11: Name an animal food obtained from insect.

Ans: Honey is an animal food obtained from insect called “bees”.

Q12: What name is given to that branch of agriculture which deals with feeding, shelter, health and breeding of domestic animals?

Ans: The branch of agriculture which deals with feeding, shelter, health and breeding of domestic animals is called animal husbandry.

Q13: Name one major food nutrient provided by fish.

Ans: Fish is good for health. We get cod liver oil from fish which is rich in vitamin D.

Q14: Name the vitamin/vitamins present in cod liver oil.

Ans: Cod liver oil of fish is rich in vitamin D.

Q15: Name one Government agency which is involved in procuring food grains (like wheat and rice) from farmers and storing them properly.

Ans: The government agency like food corporation of India (FCI) buy food grains from farmers and storing them properly.

Q16: What type of organisms grow on stored food grains having higher moisture content?

Ans: Organisms fungus and moulds grow on stored food grains having higher moisture content.

Q17: Which crop is generally grown between two cereals crops in crop rotation to restore the fertility of soil?

Ans: Leguminous crops like pulses, beans, peas are generally grown between two cereals crops in crop rotation to restore the fertility of soil.

Q18: State one advantages of growing a leguminous crop between two cereals crops.

Ans: Rotation of crops (leguminous and non-leguminous crops) in the same field replenishes the soil with nitrogen naturally and increases the soil fertility.

Q19: Name the nitrogen-fixing bacteria present in root nodules of leguminous plants.

Ans: The nitrogen-fixing bacteria present in root nodules of leguminous plants is rhizobium bacteria.

Q20: Which agricultural practice comes first: harvesting or weeding?

Ans: Agricultural practice weeding comes first.

Q21: Which is the first step in the cultivation of a crop?

Ans: The preparation of soil is the first step in the cultivation of a crop.

Q22: For what purpose is a hoe used?

Ans: It is a simple tool which is used for removing weeds and for loosening the soil.

Q23: Name the implement used in sowing.

Ans: The implement used for sowing is seed drill.

Q24: Name the practice used for cultivating paddy.

Ans: The practice used for cultivating paddy is transplantation.

Q25: Name the two types of substances which are added two the fields by the farmers to maintain the fertility of soil.

Ans: Manure and fertilizers are added to the fields by the farmers to maintain the fertility of soil.

Q26: Some grass is growing in a wheat field. What will it be known as?

Ans: These grass is known as weed.

Q27: Name one crop which can tolerate standing water (water-logging) in the field and one which cannot.

Ans: Paddy crop (rice crop) can tolerate standing water in the field whereas crops like wheat, gram cannot.

Q28: Which is the best time for the removal of weeds?

Ans: The best time for the removal of weeds is before they produce flowers and seeds.

Q29:  Name two methods of irrigation with conserve water.

Ans: (i) sprinkler system

(ii) Drip system

Q30:   Fill in the following blanks:
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called ___________.
(b) The first step before growing crops is ___________ of soil.
(c) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight, ___________, and ___________ from the soil are essential.
(d) Damaged seeds would ___________ on top of water.
(e) Crop rotation helps in the replenishment of soil with ___________
(f) The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called ___________
(g) The unwanted plants present in a crop field are called ___________
(h) Dried ___________ leaves are used for storing food grains at home.
(i) Many people living in the ___________ areas consume fish as a major part of their diet.

(a) crop

(b) preparation

(c) nutrients; water

(d) float

(e) nitrogen

(f) irrigation

(g) weeds

(h) neem

(i) coastal