Perimeter & Area Summary Class 7 NCERT Summary Chapter 1

Squares and Rectangles

• Perimeter of a regular polygon = number of sides × length of one side
• Perimeter of a square = 4 × side
• Perimeter of a rectangle = 2 × (l + b)
• Area of a rectangle = l × b
• Area of a square = side × side

Triangles as Parts of Rectangles

• If we cut the rectangle along its diagonal to get two triangles, then
  The area of each triangle = 1/2 (Area of the rectangle)
• If we take a square and divide it into 4 triangles, then
  The area of each triangle = 1/4 (Area of the square)

Area of Parallelogram

• The area of parallelogram = base × height.
• Any side of a parallelogram can be chosen as base of the parallelogram. The perpendicular dropped on that side from the opposite vertex is known as height (altitude).

Area of a Triangle

• The area of triangle = 1/2 × base × height.
• Are of equilateral triangle = √3/4 × (side)²
• All the congruent triangles are equal in area but the triangles equal in area need not be congruent.

Circle

• The distance around a circle is known as its circumference.
• The ratio of circumference and diameter of a circle is a constant and is denoted by it (pi).
• Approximate value of π is taken as 22/7 or 3.14.
• Circumference of a circle of radius r = 2πr
• Area of a circle of radius r = πr².