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Introduction

Madhya Pradesh, often abbreviated as M.P., is located in the central region of India. The name "Madhya Pradesh" translates to "Central Region," reflecting its geographical position in the heart of the country. 

Madhya Pradesh - Geographical Location | Course for MPPSC Preparation - MPPSC (Madhya Pradesh)

Historical Significance: Until the year 2000, Madhya Pradesh was the largest state in India by area. However, after the creation of Chhattisgarh from a part of Madhya Pradesh, it became the second-largest state in terms of area. Today, it ranks as the sixth-largest state in India by population. 

Geographical Location

Madhya Pradesh is unique in that it shares its borders with several other Indian states and does not have any international borders, coastlines, or coastal areas. 
Its geographical boundaries are as follows: 

  • North-East: Uttar Pradesh 
  • North-West: Rajasthan 
  • West: Gujarat 
  • South-West: Maharashtra 
  • South-East: Chhattisgarh 

Geographical Divisions

 The geography of Madhya Pradesh is diverse and is divided into several geo-structural regions: 

  • Medium Highland: Located north of the Chambal and Son Rivers. Composed of the Deccan Trap, Vindhya rock group, and Granite Gneiss. 
  • Steep Escarpments: Found in the south and southeast, these include the Vindhyachal, Bhander, and Kaimur ranges. The northern parts of these escarpments feature extensive plateaus. 
  • Satpura Mountain Range: Situated south of the Narmada-Son axis, this range is made up of Granite-Gneiss, Gondwana rock group, and the Deccan Trap. 
  • Maikal Range: Located in the eastern part of the Satpura range. 
  • Plateaus: The eastern part of Madhya Pradesh features a plateau divided into:
    (i) Baghelkhand Plateau (Northern part) 
    (ii) Dandakaranya Plateau (Southern part) 

 The Baghelkhand Plateau is composed of the Gondwana rock group and Pre-Cambrian granite. 

Latitude of Madhya Pradesh

  • Madhya Pradesh is situated in the Northern Hemisphere, between the latitudes of 21°6’N and 26°30’N. 
  • The state stretches 605 kilometers from north to south. 
  • The northernmost district is Morena, and the southernmost district is Burhanpur. 

Tropic of Cancer

  • The Tropic of Cancer is located at 23°30’ North latitude. 
  •  This latitude divides India into two parts and also splits Madhya Pradesh into two parts. 

Districts

  • The Tropic of Cancer passes through 14 districts in Madhya Pradesh: 
  • Ratlam 
  • Ujjain 
  • Agar-Malwa 
  • Rajgarh 
  • Sehore 
  • Bhopal 
  • Vidisha 
  • Raisen 
  • Sagar 
  • Damoh 
  • Katni 
  • Jabalpur 
  • Umariya 
  • Shahdol 

The Tropic of Cancer passes through all the districts of the Bhopal division. 

Madhya Pradesh - Geographical Location | Course for MPPSC Preparation - MPPSC (Madhya Pradesh)

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Longitude

  • Madhya Pradesh is situated in the Eastern Hemisphere of the globe. 
  • It lies between the longitudes of 74°9’E and 82°48’E
  • The width of Madhya Pradesh from east to west is 870 kilometers
  •  Due to the longitudinal difference of 8°4’ between the easternmost and westernmost points of Madhya Pradesh, there is a time difference of 34 minutes
  •  The easternmost district is Singrauli, and the westernmost district is Alirajpur

Indian Standard Meridian:

  •  The Indian Standard Meridian is located at 82°30’ eastern longitude and is known as the Indian Standard Time (IST). 
  •  The IST passes through the Singrauli district of Madhya Pradesh. 

Area of Madhya Pradesh

  • The total land area of Madhya Pradesh is 3,08,252 square kilometers.
  • Madhya Pradesh is the second largest state in India by area, following Rajasthan.
  • The area of Madhya Pradesh makes up 9.38% of India's total land area.

Political Boundary of Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh is a landlocked state in India, and it shares its borders with five other states. - To the northwest, Madhya Pradesh is bordered by Rajasthan. - To the north and northeast, it shares its border with Uttar Pradesh. - To the east, Madhya Pradesh is bordered by Chhattisgarh. - To the south, it shares its border with Maharashtra. - Finally, to the west, Madhya Pradesh is bordered by Gujarat.
Neighboring states and the bordering districts are given below:

Madhya Pradesh Bordering with Uttar Pradesh:

  • Bordering Districts of Madhya Pradesh: Morena, Bhind, Datiya, Shivpuri, Ashok Nagar, Sagar, Tikamgarh, Niwari, Chhatarpur, Panna, Satna, Rewa, Sidhi, Singrauli (14 districts)
  • Bordering Districts of Uttar Pradesh: Agra, Etawah, Jhansi, Lalitpur, Hamirpur, Banda, Jalaun, Prayagraj, Mirzapur, Mahoba, Sonbhadra, Chitrakoot (12 districts)

Madhya Pradesh Bordering with Rajasthan:

  • Bordering Districts of Madhya Pradesh: Jhabua, Ratlam, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Rajgarh, Guna, Shivpuri, Morena, Sheopur, Agar-Malwa (10 districts)
  • Bordering Districts of Rajasthan: Banswara, Pratapgarh, Chittorgarh, Bhilwara, Kota, Jhalawar, Baran, Sawai-Madhopur, Karauli, Dhaulpur (10 districts)

Madhya Pradesh Bordering with Maharashtra:

  • Bordering Districts of Madhya Pradesh: Alirajpur, Barwani, Khargone, Khandwa, Burhanpur, Betul, Chhindwara, Balaghat, Seoni (9 districts)
  • Bordering Districts of Maharashtra: Dhule, Bhusawal, Amravati, Nagpur, Bhandara, Buldhana, Jalgaon, Nandurbar, Gondia (9 districts)

Madhya Pradesh Bordering with Chhattisgarh:

  • Bordering Districts of Madhya Pradesh: Sidhi, Singrauli, Shahdol, Dindori, Anuppur, Balaghat (6 districts)
  • Bordering Districts of Chhattisgarh: Rajnandgaon, Koriya, Bilaspur, Mungeli, Kabirdham, Balrampur, Surajpur (7 districts)

Madhya Pradesh Bordering with Gujarat:

  • Bordering Districts of Madhya Pradesh: Jhabua, Alirajpur (2 districts)
  • Bordering Districts of Gujarat: Vadodara, Dahod (2 districts)

Facts

  • Longest Boundary: Uttar Pradesh
  • Shortest Boundary: Gujarat
  • Districts with Maximum Boundary:
    • Alirajpur: Gujarat
    • Jhabua: Rajasthan, Gujarat
    • Niwari: Uttar Pradesh
    • Anuppur: Chhattisgarh
    • Betul: Maharashtra

Districts Sharing Borders with Two States:

  • Alirajpur District: Maharashtra and Gujarat
  • Balaghat District: Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra
  • Jhabua District: Rajasthan and Gujarat
  • Singrauli District: Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh
  • Morena District: Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan

Intermediate Districts: Districts that do not share borders with any other state. Madhya Pradesh has 18 intermediate districts, including Gwalior, Ujjain, Dhar, Vidisha, Dewas, Indore, Shajapur, Bhopal, Sehore, Raisen, Hoshangabad, Narsinghpur, Harda, Katni, Damoh, Jabalpur, Umariya, and Mandala.

Important Centers in Madhya Pradesh

  • Central Point of Earth: Mangalnath, Ujjain
  • Central Point of Geographical India: Manohar Village, Karaudi, Katni
  • Central Point of Madhya Pradesh: Sagar

Nicknames of Madhya Pradesh

  • Hriday State: Due to its central location in India.
  • Soya State: Leading producer of soybean in India.
  • Home of Rivers (Nadiyo ka Mayka): Source of major rivers like Narmada, Tapti, Chambal, and Son.
  • Diamond State: Monopoly over diamond production in India.
  • Tiger State: Hosts the largest number of tigers (526) in the country.

State Symbols of Madhya Pradesh

  • State Flower: White Lily (Lilium Candidum)
  • State Bird: Shah Bulbul (Paradise Flycatcher)
  • State Tree: Banyan Tree (Ficus Benghalensis)
  • State Animal: Barasingha (Swamp Deer) (Rucervus Duvaucelii)
  • State Fish: Mahasheer (Tor-Tor)
  • State Dance: Rai
  • State Drama: Maach
  • State Sport: Malkhanb

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Which state in India is known as the "Tiger State" due to hosting the largest number of tigers in the country?
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FAQs on Madhya Pradesh - Geographical Location - Course for MPPSC Preparation - MPPSC (Madhya Pradesh)

1. Madhya Pradesh ki bhugolik sthal par kaun se mukhya parvat aur nadiyan hain?
Ans.Madhya Pradesh ka bhugolik sthal kaafi vivid hai. Yahan Vindhya aur Satpura parvat shreniyan hain, jo is rajya ke pramukh parvat hain. Iske alava, Narmada, Tapti aur Mahi jaisi nadiyan bhi yahan se guzarati hain, jo iski bhugol ko aur bhi mahatvapurn banati hain.
2. Madhya Pradesh mein kis prakar ka jalvayu paya jata hai?
Ans.Madhya Pradesh ka jalvayu pramukh roop se tropical monsoon hai. Yahan garmiyon mein taapman kaafi badh jata hai, jabki barsaat ke mausam mein bhari barish hoti hai. Sardiyon mein thoda thanda mausam hota hai, jo rajya ke alag-alag kshetron mein bhinnata dikhaata hai.
3. MPPSC ke liye kaise tayyari karein?
Ans.MPPSC ki tayyari ke liye aap sabse pehle syllabus aur exam pattern ko achhi tarah samjhein. Uske baad, NCERT ki kitabon se shuruaat karna, current affairs par nazar rakhna, aur previous year ke question papers ka abhyas karna bahut madadgar sabit hoga.
4. Madhya Pradesh ki pramukh sanskritik aur itihasik sthal kya hain?
Ans.Madhya Pradesh mein kai pramukh sanskritik aur itihasik sthal hain, jaise ki Khajuraho ke mandir, Sanchi ki stupas, Aurangabad ki gufaayein, aur Mandu ka kila. Yeh sthal na sirf itihasik mahatva rakhte hain, balki paryatan ke liye bhi lokpriya hain.
5. MPPSC ke exam mein kaun se vishayon par prashn puchhe jate hain?
Ans.MPPSC ke exam mein prashn kai vishayon par puchhe jate hain, jismein General Studies, Madhya Pradesh ka itihas, bhugol, arthavyavastha, samajik vikas aur samanya gyaan shamil hain. Iske alava, vishesh vishayon par bhi prashn hota hai jo rajya ki visheshataon se sambandhit hote hain.
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