Sisodia Dynasty of Mewar | Course for RPSC RAS Preparation - RPSC RAS (Rajasthan) PDF Download

After the end of Guhil dynasty of Mewar, during the attack on Chittor by Allaudin Khilji. Later, the administration of entire kingdom of Mewar was handed over to Maldeo, ruler of the neighbouring state of Jalore and governor in the Delhi Sultanate. The Sardars now picked Hamir Singh I as head of the Sisodia clan and rightful heir to the throne of Mewar. He married the daughter of Maldeo of Jalore and overthrew his father-in-law and reclaimed his ancestral homeland.

• Rana Hammir (1326-64)
  • Progenitor of the Sisodia clan
  • Built the Annapoorna Mata temple, located in the Chittorgarh Fort
  • Alauddin Khilji defeated Rana Ratan Singh and transferred administration of new territories ( including chitter) to Maldeo, ruler of Jalore.
  • Maldeo , married his widowed daughter Songari with Rana Hammir.
  • Hammir organized overthrow of Maldeo and established Mewar again in 1326.
• Khaitsi or Khetra Singh (1364-82)
  • Son of Rana Hammir
  • Conquered back, Mandalgarh, Ajmer, Mandsore & area of Chappan.
  • Obtained victory over Sultan of Delhi at Bakrole.
  • The Kumbalgarh inscription says that “he captured Zafar Khan.- Sultan of Gujarat.
• Rana Lakha (1382- 1421)
  • Defeated the imperial army of Delhi at Badnor
  • Had two Sons – Elder – Rana Choonda – who took oath not to claim throne of mewar – in the exchange of his father’s marriage to Rani Hansa Bai.
  • In compensation – his symbol Lance (Bhala) was superadded to autograph of prince in all grants to vassals. Hence, Lance of Saloombra still precedes monogram of Rana.
  • In line with promise, Rana Mokul (Son from Hansa Bai) succeeded throne.
• Rana Mokul/Mokal Singh (1421-1433)
  • After Rana Lakha, as Rana Mokul was minor, Rana Choonda started taking care of administration.
  • But Rani Hansa bai, did not like and asked Rana choonda to leave. He left.
  • Rani seek help of father Ranmal of Marwar but later understood intentions of Ranmal.
  • Rani called back Choonda, who came in and rescued Mokul Singh.
  • Had 3 sons = Rana Kumbha + 2 & daughter Lal Bae.
• Rana Kumbha (1433-68)
  • In 1433, defeated Sultan of Malwa, Mahmud Khilji, in Battle of Mandalgarh and Banas.
  • Erected Vijay Stambh (victory tower) – 37 meter/9 floors.
  • Erected 32 Forts in defense of Mewar. Including highest fort in Rajasthan (MRL 1075m) – Kumbhalgarh
  • Additionally he also costructed, the Ranakpur Trailokya-dipaka Jain temple with its adornments, the Kumbhasvami and Adivarsha temples of Chittor and the Shantinatha Jain temple.
  • Credited with writing the Samgita-raja, the Rasika-priya commentary on the Gitagovinda, the Sudaprabandha, and the Kamaraja-ratisara.
  • Sangita-ratnakara and Sangita-krama-dipaka (two books on music by Rana Kumbha.
  • During his reign, scholar Atri and his son Mahesa wrote the prashasti (edict) of the Chittor Kirti-stambha and Kahana Vyasa wrote the Ekalinga-mahamatya.
  • Rana kumbha successfully defended Mewar and expanded his territory at a time when he was surrounded by enemies like Mahmud Khilji of Malwa, Qutbuddin of Gujrat, Shams Khan of Nagaur and Rao Jodha of Marwar.
• Rana Udai Singh I ( 1468-73)
  • A In a patricide, Rana Kumbha was killed by his son Udaysimha (Udai Singh I) or Ooda Singh
  • Defeated by his brother – Raemul in battles of Jawar, Darimpur and Pangarh
• Rana Raemul (1473- 1508)
  • Other Son – Raemul finally succeeded Khumbha
  • By marrying Sringardevi (daughter of Rao Jodha), Raimal ended the conflict with the Rathores.
• Rana Sanga ( Sangram Singh ) (1508-1528)
  • Battle of Gagron: defeated Sultan of Malwa
  • Battles of Idgar: 3 battles: fought between Bhar Mal & Rae Mal two princes of Idar, Rana Sanga supported Rae mal.
  • Battle of Khatoli & Dholpur: Sanga defeated Ibrahim Lodhi
  • Gujarat Invasion: laid seize at Ahmadnagar (Himmatnagar) – defeated Sultan.
  • Battle of Khanwa: was defeated by Babur
• Ratan Singh II (1528–1531)
• Vikramaditya Singh (1531–1536)
  • During his reign, Sultan of Gujarat Bahadur Shah sacked Chittor in 1534, Udai Singh was sent to Bundi for safety.
  • Rana Sanga’s wife Karnavati –send Rakhi to Humayun.
  • But Humayun late – 2nd Jauhar of Chittor
• Vanvir Singh (1536–1540)
  • Vanvir killed Vikramaditya Singh, and was about to kill Udai Singh II, when Panna Dhai, rescued him with sacrifice of her won child.
• Udai Singh II (1540–1572)
  • 1540, he was crowned in Kumbhalgarh by the nobles of Mewar.
  • Maharana Pratap born in same year (9th May-1540)
  • In 1562, he gave refuge to Baz Bahadur of Malwa. Using this as a pretext, Akbar attacked Mewar in October 1563.
  • Udai Singh retired to Gogunda.
  • Rao Jaimal & Patta – fought with Valor – even Akbar impressed – statute erected at Fatehpur Sikri
  • Jauhar- 3^rd Jauhar of chittor (1568)
  • Founded city of Udaipur. This became the capital of Mewar from here on.
• Maharana Pratap(9^th May 1540- 29 Jan 1597)
  • Pratap Jayanti, is celebrated annually on the 3rd day of the Jyestha Shukla.
  • 1576-Akbar deputed Man Singh I against Maharana Pratap – 18 June 1576- Battle of Haldighati – Pratap defeated.
  • Slowly, Pratap recovered many of the territories , made Chavand
  • Tod, the famous British antiquarian, gave Pratap the title of ‘Leonidas of Rajasthan’.
• Amar Singh I (1597-1620)
  • Born 1559, same year as Udaipur foundation laid by Udai Singh.
  • Amar Singh fought with Jehangir
  • Battle of Dewar – showed great bravery – killed commander sultan.
  • Finally, made peace with Jehangir – treaty negotiated by Shah Jehan – Amar Singh was relieved of making in person presence to Mughal court.
• Karan Singh II (1620–1628)
• Jagat Singh I (1628–1652)
  • Made jag Mandir in Lake Pichola
• Raj Singh I (1652–1680)
  • Made Rajsamand
• Jai Singh (1680–1698)
  • Treaty with Aurangzeb
  • Made Lake Jaisamand
• Amar Singh II (1698–1710)
• Sangram Singh II (1710–1734)
• Jagat Singh II (1734–1751)
• Pratap Singh II (1751–1754)
• Raj Singh II (1754–1762)
• Ari Singh II (1762–1772)
• Hamir Singh II (1772–1778)
• Bhim Singh (1778–1828)
• Jawan Singh (1828–1838)
• Shambhu Singh (1861–1874)
  • Adopted son of Maharana Swarup Singh
  • He was the first to set up a school for girls and thus promoted opportunities of education for everyone.
  • He enforced special measures to curb the Sati pratha
• Sajjan Singh (1874–1884)
  • Cousin – was adopted by Maharana Shambhu Singh.
• Fateh Singh (1884–1930)
  • Adopted by Sajjan Singh
  • Built Cannuaght dam on Lake Dewali – now named FatehSagar
  • Built Fateh Prakash Palace in Chittorgarh fort
  • Only Maharaja to not attend the Delhi Durbar, both of 1903 and 1911.
• Bhupal Singh (1930–1947)
  • On 28 July 1921, following some social unrest in Mewar, Fateh Singh was formally deposed – Bhupal Singh made ruler.
  • On 18 April 1948 he became Rajpramukh of Rajasthan and from 1 April 1949 his title was raised to Maha Rajpramuk