Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 79 Question _index_: If the “new techniques” mentioned in line 31 were applied in studies of biological classifications other than bacteria, which of the following is most likely? A. Some of those classifications will have to be reevaluated. B. Many species of bacteria will be reclassified. C. It will be determined that there are four main categories of living things rather than three. D. It will be found that true bacteria are much older than eukaryotes. E. It will be found that there is a common ancestor of the eukaryotes, archaebacteria, and true bacteria. View Solution

Some of those classifications will have to be reevaluated.

Many species of bacteria will be reclassified.

It will be determined that there are four main categories of living things rather than three.

It will be found that true bacteria are much older than eukaryotes.

It will be found that there is a common ancestor of the eukaryotes, archaebacteria, and true bacteria.

Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 79 Question _index_: The passage is primarily concerned with A. detailing the evidence that has led most biologists to replace the trichotomous picture of living organisms with a dichotomous one B. outlining the factors that have contributed to the current hypothesis concerning the number of basic categories of living organisms C. evaluating experiments that have resulted in proof that the prokaryotes are more ancient than had been expected D. summarizing the differences in structure and function found among true bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes E. formulating a hypothesis about the mechanisms of evolution that resulted in the ancestors of the prokaryotes View Solution

detailing the evidence that has led most biologists to replace the trichotomous picture of living organisms with a dichotomous one

outlining the factors that have contributed to the current hypothesis concerning the number of basic categories of living organisms

evaluating experiments that have resulted in proof that the prokaryotes are more ancient than had been expected

summarizing the differences in structure and function found among true bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes

formulating a hypothesis about the mechanisms of evolution that resulted in the ancestors of the prokaryotes

Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 79 Question _index_: According to the passage, which of the following statements about the two-category hypothesis is likely to be true? A. It is promising because it explains the presence of true bacteria-like organisms such as organelles in eukaryotic cells. B. It is promising because it explains why eukaryotic cells, unlike prokaryotic cells, tend to form multicellular organisms. C. It is flawed because it fails to account for the great variety among eukaryotic organisms. D. It is flawed because it fails to account for the similarity between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. E. It is flawed because it fails to recognize an important distinction among prokaryotes. View Solution

It is promising because it explains the presence of true bacteria-like organisms such as organelles in eukaryotic cells.

It is promising because it explains why eukaryotic cells, unlike prokaryotic cells, tend to form multicellular organisms.

It is flawed because it fails to account for the great variety among eukaryotic organisms.

It is flawed because it fails to account for the similarity between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

It is flawed because it fails to recognize an important distinction among prokaryotes.

Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 79 Question _index_: All of the following statements are supported by the passage EXCEPT: A. True bacteria form a distinct evolutionary group. B. Archaebacteria are prokaryotes that resemble true bacteria. C. True bacteria and eukaryotes employ similar types of genetic coding. D. True bacteria and eukaryotes are distinguishable at the subcellular level. E. Amino acid sequences of enzymes are uniform for eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. View Solution

True bacteria form a distinct evolutionary group.

Archaebacteria are prokaryotes that resemble true bacteria.

True bacteria and eukaryotes employ similar types of genetic coding.

True bacteria and eukaryotes are distinguishable at the subcellular level.

Amino acid sequences of enzymes are uniform for eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms.

Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 79 Question _index_: According to the passage, investigations of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells at the molecular level supported the conclusion that A. most eukaryotic organisms are unicellular B. complex cells have well-formed nuclei C. prokaryotes and eukaryotes form two fundamental categories D. subcellular structures are visible with a microscope E. prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have similar enzymes View Solution

most eukaryotic organisms are unicellular

complex cells have well-formed nuclei

prokaryotes and eukaryotes form two fundamental categories

subcellular structures are visible with a microscope

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have similar enzymes

Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 79 Question _index_: According to the passage, researchers working under the two-category hypothesis were correct in thinking that A. prokaryotes form a coherent group B. the common ancestor of all living things had complex properties C. eukaryotes are fundamentally different from true bacteria D. true bacteria are just as complex as eukaryotes E. ancestral versions of eukaryotic genes functioned differently from their modern counterparts View Solution

prokaryotes form a coherent group

the common ancestor of all living things had complex properties

eukaryotes are fundamentally different from true bacteria

true bacteria are just as complex as eukaryotes

ancestral versions of eukaryotic genes functioned differently from their modern counterparts

Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 79 Question _index_: It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following have recently been compared in order to clarify the fundamental classifications of living things? A. The genetic coding in true bacteria and that in other prokaryotes B. The organelle structures of archaebacteria, true bacteria, and eukaryotes C. The cellular structures of multicellular organisms and unicellular organisms D. The molecular sequences in eukaryotic RNA, true bacterial RNA, and archaebacterial RNA E. The amino acid sequences in enzymes of various eukaryotic species and those of enzymes in archaebacterial species View Solution

The genetic coding in true bacteria and that in other prokaryotes

The organelle structures of archaebacteria, true bacteria, and eukaryotes

The cellular structures of multicellular organisms and unicellular organisms

The molecular sequences in eukaryotic RNA, true bacterial RNA, and archaebacterial RNA

The amino acid sequences in enzymes of various eukaryotic species and those of enzymes in archaebacterial species

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