Directions: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions as follows:
Passage
Perhaps every Anglo-Saxon scholar has his own theory as to how Beowulf should be translated. Some have given us prose versions of what we believe to be a great poem. Is it any reflection on our honoured Kemble and Arnold to say that their translations fail to show a layman that Beowulf is justly called our first epic? Of those translators who have used verse, several have written from what would seem a mistaken point of view. Is it proper, for instance, that the grave and solemn speeches of Beowulf and Hrothgar be put in ballad measures, tripping lightly and airily along? Or, again, is it fitting that the rough martial music of Anglo-Saxon verse be interpreted to us in the smooth measures of modern blank verse? Do we hear what has been beautifully called “the clanging tread of a warrior in mail”?
The present work is a modest effort to reproduce approximately, in modern measures, the venerable epic, Beowulf. Approximately, I repeat; for a very close reproduction of Anglo-Saxon verse would, to a large extent, be prose and uninteresting to a modern ear. The Heyne-Socin text and glossary have been closely followed. Occasionally, a deviation has been made, but always for what seemed good and sufficient reason. The translator does not aim to be an editor. Once in a while, however, he has added a conjecture of his own to the emendations quoted from the criticisms of other students of the poem.
This work is addressed to two classes of readers. From both of these alike the translator begs sympathy and co-operation. The Anglo-Saxon scholar he hopes to please by adhering faithfully to the original. The student of English literature he aims to interest by giving him, in modern garb, the most ancient epic of our race. This is a bold and venturesome undertaking; and yet there must be some students of the Teutonic past willing to follow even a daring guide, if they may read in modern phrases of the sorrows of Hrothgar, of the prowess of Beowulf, and of the feelings that stirred the hearts of our forefathers in their primeval homes.
Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 29
Try yourself:What is the primary purpose of the third paragraph in the passage?
Explanation
In the opening lines of the third para, the author states that his work is intended to appeal to two classes of readers. He then goes on to explain how his work will do so. (E) captures this best and is the correct answer.
(A) While this is mentioned in the third para, the author has written this entire paragraph just to put forward this request. He has a broader agenda.
(B) This is one part of the third paragraph but there are more aspects to that paragraph than just this.
(C) Again, this is only a part of the third para, not that the author does much ‘explaining’ anyway.
(D) This is mentioned in the second paragraph and not in the third.
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Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 29
Try yourself:How does the author intend to please the Anglo-Saxon scholar with his version of Beowulf?
Explanation
In the opening lines of the 3rd paragraph, the author clearly states that he hopes to please the Anglo-Saxon scholar by faithfully adhering to the original work i.e. he does not make too many changes to the original.
(B) states this best and is the correct answer.
(A) While this is mentioned in the first paragraph and may have been one of the factors the author uses to please the Anglo-Saxon scholars, there is nothing to suggest that this was the only factor.
(C) Same as A.
(D) Opposite. This is how the author intends to please the students of English literature.
(E) This is not mentioned by the author as the reason how he intends to please the Anglo-Saxon scholar.
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Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 29
Try yourself:From the information in the passage, which of the following can be inferred about Beowulf?
Explanation
In the first para, the author questions whether it was proper on the part of some translators to convey the grave and solemn speeches in a light and airy manner.
Thus, these translators have clearly reduced the gravity or seriousness of Beowulf’s speeches.
(C) states this best and is the correct answer.
(A) Opposite. The opening lines clearly state that Beowulf has always been considered a great ‘poem’. Even if the lines had stated that Beowulf was an ordinary poem, it would still remain a poem and not become prose.
(B) The passage never states this.
(D) There is nothing in the passage to suggest this. In fact, Beowulf in its original form does most likely appeal to Anglo-Saxon scholars.
(E) The author uses the terms ‘bold and venturesome’ in the last paragraph to refer to his translation of the Beowulf and not to the original Beowulf.
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