In this tutorial we will look at calculating the “average” or mean voltage value of a sinusoidal waveform using both the mid-ordinate rule and the analytical rule
Each mid-ordinate value of the voltage waveform is added to the next and the summed total, V1 to V12 is divided by the number of mid-ordinates used to give us the “Average Voltage”. Then the average voltage (VAV) is the mean sum of mid-ordinates of the voltage waveform and is given as:
and for our simple example above, the average voltage is therefore calculated as:
So as before lets assume again that an alternating voltage of 20 volts peak varies over one half cycle as follows:
The Average voltage value is therefore calculated as:
Then the Average Voltage value for one half-cycle using the graphical method is given as: 12.64 Volts.
Which is therefore given as the standard equation for the Average Voltage of a sine wave as:
Average Voltage Equation
The average voltage (VAV) of a sinusoidal waveform is determined by multiplying the peak voltage value by the constant 0.637, which is two divided by pi (π). The average voltage, which can also be referred to as the mean value, depends on the magnitude of the waveform and is not a function of either the frequency or the phase angle.
Thus this average or mean value (either voltage or current) of a sinusoidal waveform can also be shown as an equivalent DC value of area and time.
Note that multiplying the peak or maximum value by the constant 0.637 ONLY applies to sinusoidal waveforms.
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