Registers: Registers are memories located within the Central Processing Unit (CPU). Various types of registers are available within CPU. Registers are small but CPU can access it quickly. Some of the registers available in the system are given below.
Instruction Register, ALU I/O registers, Status Register, Stack pointer register, Program counter, etc.
Primary Memory: It is classified into two types, namely RAM and ROM.
Secondary Memory: Disk memory is used to hold programs and data over the longer term. The contents of a disk are NOT lost if the power is turned off. Disks are much slower than Register.
Random Access Memory (RAM): The time taken to transfer information to or from any desired location is always same hence it is called Random Access Memory (RAM).
Static RAM (SRAM): In this type of RAM, data is retained as long as there is the power supply.
Dynamic RAM (DRAM): In this type of RAM, data is stored on capacitors and requires a periodic refreshment.
Advantages of static RAM over Dynamic RAM
Read Only Memory (ROM): It is non-volatile memory, implemented using the combinational circuit. It is also known as masked memory.
PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices): Programmable logic devices are the special type of IC’s used by the USE. Different type of logic functions can be implemented using a single programmed IC chip of PLD. PLD s can be reprogrammed because these are based on rewritable memory technologies. PLDs are divided into three types. They are PLA, PAL and FPGA. PLA (Programmable Logic Array):
PAL (Programmable Array Logic)
PGA or FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)
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