Police SI Exams Exam > Police SI Exams Notes > General Awareness/सामान्य जागरूकता > Short Notes: Lok Sabha (लोकसभा)
Short Notes: Lok Sabha (लोकसभा) | General Awareness/सामान्य जागरूकता - Police SI Exams PDF Download
लोकसभा (Lok Sabha)
- लोकसभा भारतीय संसद का निम्न सदन है जो अस्थाई है अर्थात, यह विघटित हो सकती है |
- लोकसभा का विघटन प्रधानमंत्री की सिफारिश पर राष्ट्रपति करता है |
- लोकसभा का विघटन होने का तत्व संसदीय शासन प्रणाली से जुड़ा है क्योंकि संसदीय प्रणाली में कार्यपालिका लोकसभा के प्रति निरंतर उत्तरदाई रहती है |
- अतः कार्यपालिका (मंत्रिपरिषद) तभी तक बनी रहती है, जब तक उसे लोकसभा में विश्वास प्राप्त है |
संरचना (The Structure)
- लोकसभा की अधिकतम संख्या 552 निर्धारित की गई है जिसमें 530 सदस्य राज्यों से, 20 सदस्य संघ शासित प्रदेशों एवं दो सदस्य एंग्लो-इंडियन होते हैं |
- अनुच्छेद 81(1)वर्तमान में लोकसभा में 545 सदस्य हैं जिनमें 530 सदस्य राज्यों से 13 सदस्य संघ राज्य क्षेत्रों से और 2 सदस्य राष्ट्रपति द्वारा नामित या नाम निर्देशित एंग्लो इंडियन समुदाय से होते हैं (अनुच्छेद 331) |
निर्वाचन एवं कार्यकाल (Election and Tenure)
- लोकसभा के सदस्यों का चुनाव जनता द्वारा प्रत्यक्ष रुप से वयस्क मताधिकार (18 वर्ष) के आधार पर गुप्त मतदान द्वारा होता है |
- अनुसूचित जातियों एवं जनजातियों के लिए कुछ सीटों का आरक्षण किया गया है, अल्पसंख्यकों के लिए कोई आरक्षण नहीं है |
- मूल रूप से लोकसभा का कार्यकाल 5 वर्ष था, किंतु 42वे संविधान संशोधन द्वारा लोकसभा का कार्यकाल 6 वर्ष कर दिया गया था लेकिन 44 वे संविधान संशोधन द्वारा लोकसभा का कार्यकाल पूरा 5 वर्ष कर दिया गया है |
- अतः अब लोकसभा का कार्यकाल 5 वर्ष है जिसे आपातकाल (अनुच्छेद 352) में संसद स्वयं विधि द्वारा इस के कार्यकाल में एक बार में 1 वर्ष तक की वृद्धि कर सकती है |
- 1976 में लोकसभा का कार्यकाल दो बार एक-एक वर्ष के लिए बढ़ाया गया था |
- प्रधानमंत्री की सलाह पर राष्ट्रपति लोकसभा को 5 वर्ष से पूर्व भी भंग कर सकता है |
- सदन में अपना स्थान ग्रहण करने से पूर्व प्रत्येक संसद के सदस्य राष्ट्रपति अथवा उसके द्वारा नियुक्त व्यक्ति के समक्ष शपथ लेता है, बिना शपथ लिए कोई सदस्य सदन में नहीं बैठ सकता है |
लोकसभा सदस्य की योग्यताएं (Lok Sabha Members’ Eligibility)
- वह भारत का नागरिक हो
- उसकी आयु 25 वर्ष से कम न हो |
- वह भारत सरकार या राज्य सरकार के अधीन किसी लाभ पद पर आसीन न हो |
- वह पागल यह दिवालिया न हो |
- संसद की किसी विधि के अंतर्गत अयोग्य न हो |
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