Question for Singular and Plural NounsTry yourself: What is a singular noun?View Solution
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| Table of contents |
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| What are Nouns? |
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| Singular Noun |
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| Plural Noun |
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| Rules for Forming Plural Nouns in English |
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| Solved Exercise |
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What are Nouns?
A noun is a word that identifies a person, place, thing, or idea. It gives a name to something we can see, touch, or even think about—whether it's something real like a "book" or "teacher," or something abstract like "freedom" or "happiness."
Just like babies often learn words like "mama" or "milk" first, nouns are typically the first part of speech we study when learning a new language.
Nouns can be:
Singular, when they refer to just one person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., cat, city, dream).
Plural, when they refer to more than one (e.g., cats, cities, dreams).
Singular Noun
A singular noun refers to just one person, place, thing, or idea.
Think of it like this: if you're talking about one item, it's singular.
Examples:
i) boy – one boy
ii) apple – one apple
iii) school – one school
iv) idea – one idea
So whenever you're talking about something that's only one, you use the singular form.
Plural Noun
A plural noun means more than one person, place, thing, or idea.
In most cases, you just add -s or -es to make a noun plural.
Examples:
i) boys – more than one boy
ii) apples – more than one apple
iii) schools – more than one school
iv) ideas – more than one idea
Some nouns change spelling when they become plural:
child → children
man → men
mouse → mice
So, when you're talking about two or more things, use the plural form.
For the plural form of most nouns, add s.
- bottle – bottles
- cup – cups
- pencil – pencils
- desk – desks
- sticker – stickers
- window – windows
For nouns that end in ch, x, s, or s sounds, add es.
- box – boxes
- watch – watches
- moss – mosses
- bus – buses
For nouns ending in f or fe, change f to v and add es.
- wolf – wolves
- wife – wives
- leaf – leaves
- life – lives
Some nouns have different plural forms.
- child – children
- woman – women
- man – men
- mouse – mice
- goose – geese
Nouns ending in vowels like y or o do not have definite rules.
- baby – babies
- toy – toys
- kidney – kidneys
- potato – potatoes
- memo – memos
- stereo – stereos
A few nouns have the same singular and plural forms.
- sheep – sheep
- deer – deer
- series – series
- species – species
Question for Singular and Plural NounsTry yourself: What is a noun?View Solution
Solved Exercise
Q. Choose the correct form of the noun in each sentence.
(i) In the exhibit, there were several (phenomenon, phenomena) that left the scientists baffled.
Ans: phenomena
(ii) The ancient city was inhabited by mysterious (species, specie) that had never been documented before.
Ans: species
(iii) The research paper discussed the intricate relationships among various (cactus, cacti) in the desert ecosystem.
Ans: cacti
(iv) The library contained a vast collection of (datum, data) from different time periods.
Ans: data
(v) The orchestra performed a medley of classical (opus, opera) at the grand concert.
Ans: opera
(vi) During the expedition, the team discovered remnants of ancient (bacterium, bacteria) in the frozen tundra.
Ans: Bacteria
(vii) The professor explained the complex (phenomenon, phenomena) using a series of detailed diagrams.
Ans: phenomenon
(viii) The hikers encountered a variety of (fungus, fungi) during their trek through the dense forest.
Ans: fungi
(ix) The biologist studied the behavior of different (genus, genera) of plants in the rainforest.
Ans: genera
(x) The museum displayed artifacts from multiple (century, centuries) of human history.
Ans: centuries
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FAQs on Singular and Plural Nouns - Basic English Grammar for Competitive Exams - Bank Exams
| 1. What is the difference between singular and plural nouns? |  |
Ans. Singular nouns refer to a single person, place, thing, or idea, while plural nouns refer to more than one. For example, "cat" is a singular noun, whereas "cats" is its plural form.
| 2. How can I determine if a noun is singular or plural? | |
Ans. In most cases, you can determine if a noun is singular or plural by looking at its form. Singular nouns often end in -s, -x, -sh, -ch, or -o, while plural nouns usually add -es or -s. However, some nouns have irregular plural forms that do not follow these patterns.
| 3. Can nouns change their form from singular to plural? | |
Ans. Yes, many nouns can change their form from singular to plural. This is done by adding suffixes or altering the word's spelling. For example, "child" becomes "children" in its plural form.
| 4. Are there any nouns that have the same form for both singular and plural? | |
Ans. Yes, there are nouns that have the same form for both singular and plural. These are known as "unchanged" or "invariable" nouns. Examples include "deer," "fish," and "sheep."
| 5. What are collective nouns, and how do they relate to singular and plural nouns? | |
Ans. Collective nouns refer to groups of people, animals, or things. They can be either singular or plural, depending on whether the group is seen as a single unit or as individuals. For example, "team" can be singular when referring to the group as a whole ("The team is practicing") or plural when referring to individual team members ("The team are wearing their uniforms").
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