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AC & High Voltage Transmission | Physics for Grade 10 PDF Download

Overview

  • Transformers have a number of roles:
    • They are used to increase the potential difference of electricity before it is transmitted across the national grid
    • They are used to lower the high voltage electricity used in power lines to the lower voltages used in houses
    • They are used in adapters to lower mains voltage to the lower voltages used by many electronic devices

Advantages of High Voltage Transmission

  • When electricity is transmitted over large distances, the current in the wires heats them, resulting in energy loss
  • To transmit the same amount of power as the input power the potential difference at which the electricity is transmitted should be increased
  • This will result in a smaller current being transmitted through the power lines
  • This is because P = IV, so if V increases, I must decrease to transmit the same power
  • A smaller current flowing through the power lines results in less heat being produced in the wire
    • This will reduce the energy loss in the power lines

Electricity is transmitted at high voltage, reducing the current and hence power loss in the cablesElectricity is transmitted at high voltage, reducing the current and hence power loss in the cables

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