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Force & Momentum

Introduction

  • When a force acts on an object that is moving, or able to move, the object will accelerate (or decelerate)
    • This causes a change in momentum
  • More specifically, the force is the rate of change in momentum
    Introduction
  • Δt is the change in time, or the time taken for the force to change
  • Where the change in momentum is defined as
    Final momentum - Initial momentum
  • Force and momentum are vectors so they can be either positive or negative values

Calculating Force & Momentum

  • The force and momentum equation can be derived from Newton's Second law and the definition of acceleration
    Calculating Force & Momentum

Exam Tip


Maths Tip: Remember 'rate of change' describes how one variable changes with respect to anotherIn maths, how fast something changes with time is represented as dividing by Δt (e.g. acceleration is the rate of change in velocity)More specifically, Δt is used for finite and quantifiable changes such as the difference in time between two events
Exam Tip
The Same change in Momentum Over a Longer Period pf Time Will Produce Less Force (And Vice Versa)

Solved Example


Example: A tennis ball hits a racket with a change in momentum of 0.5 kg m/s.For the different contact times, which tennis racket experiences more force from the tennis ball?

Solved Example

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