Worksheet Solutions: Plant Life - 1

Q1: Match the following

Ans:
1. Photosynthesis → e. Process by which plants make their own food
2. Chlorophyll → c. Green pigment in plants
3. Leaves → d. The main site of photosynthesis
4. Roots → a. Part of a plant that absorbs water and nutrients
5. Germination → b. Process of a seed growing into a new plant

Q2: Which process is being shown in the picture?

Ans: Pollination
Explanation: Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther (male part) of a flower to the stigma (female part) of a flower. For pollination to result in seed formation, the pollen must come from the same species. Pollination can occur by wind, water or animals such as bees and birds, which help carry pollen from one flower to another.

Q3: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).
(i) What is the process by which plants make their own food?
(a) Respiration
(b) Digestion
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Transpiration

Ans: (c)
Explanation: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food. They use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose (a sugar) and oxygen. The green pigment chlorophyll in the leaves captures sunlight needed for this process.

Photosynthesis

(ii) What are the tiny openings on the surface of leaves called?
(a) Stomata
(b) Chlorophyll
(c) Veins
(d) Roots

Ans: (a)
Explanation: Stomata are tiny pores on the surface of leaves. They open and close to allow gases (carbon dioxide and oxygen) and water vapour to move in and out of the leaf. This exchange is important for photosynthesis and respiration.

Stomata

(iii) Which part of the plant absorbs water and nutrients from the soil?
(a) Leaves
(b) Stems
(c) Roots
(d) Flowers

Ans: (c)
Explanation: Roots grow into the soil and absorb water and dissolved minerals. They also hold the plant firmly in the ground. Some roots store food as well.

(iv) Which part of the plant is responsible for reproduction?
(a) Leaves
(b) Stems
(c) Roots
(d) Flowers

Ans: (d)
Explanation: Flowers are the reproductive parts of many plants. They produce pollen and ovules which, after pollination and fertilisation, develop into seeds. Seeds help the plant make new plants.

(v) What is the main function of the stem in a plant?
(a) Absorb water and nutrients
(b) Support the plant and transport water and nutrients
(c) Reproduction
(d) Photosynthesis

Ans: (b)
Explanation: The stem supports leaves, flowers and fruits and acts as a passage to carry water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant. It also transports food made in the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Q4: Name the parts of the flower marked.

Ans:

Q5: Fill in the blanks

(i) Plants make their own food through a process called ___________.
Ans: Plants make their own food through a process called photosynthesis.

(ii) The green pigment in plants that helps them make food is called ___________.
Ans: The green pigment in plants that helps them make food is called chlorophyll.

(iii) The main parts of a plant are roots, stem, ___________, and flowers.
Ans: The main parts of a plant are roots, stem, leaves, and flowers.

(iv) The process of a seed growing into a new plant is called ___________.
Ans: The process of a seed growing into a new plant is called germination.

(v) ___ helps a plant to reproduce.
Ans: Seed / Seeds helps a plant to reproduce.

Q6: True or False.

(i) All plants have flowers.

Ans: False
Explanation: Many plants do not produce flowers. Ferns and mosses reproduce by spores, and some plants reproduce by runners or other vegetative methods.

(ii) Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis.

Ans: True
Explanation: During photosynthesis, plants use carbon dioxide and give out oxygen as a by-product. This exchange helps keep the air balanced for other living beings.

(iii) The stem is the part of the plant that transports water and nutrients.

Ans: True
Explanation: The stem contains tubes that carry water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and food from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

(iv) Germination occurs only in the presence of sunlight.

Ans: False
Explanation: Germination needs water and a suitable temperature. Seeds can begin to germinate in the dark; seedlings need sunlight later to make food by photosynthesis.

(v) Leaves are not necessary for photosynthesis.

Ans: False
Explanation: Leaves are the main organs for photosynthesis in most plants because they contain chlorophyll and provide a large surface area to capture sunlight.

(vi) Seeds which are very light with hair or wings on them are easily dispersed by explosion.
Ans: False
Explanation: Light seeds with hairs or wings are usually carried away by wind. Explosive dispersal is a different method where seed pods burst to scatter seeds.

(vii) Nature has its own way of dispersal of seeds.
Ans: True
Explanation: Seeds are dispersed in many natural ways: by wind, water, animals, or by bursting from the parent plant. These methods help plants spread to new places.

(viii) Soil plays an important role in the plant growth.

Ans: True
Explanation: Soil holds the plant upright and provides water and essential minerals needed for the plant to grow well.

(ix) A baby plant absorbs nutrients and minerals from the soil with the help of its stem.

Ans: False
Explanation: A baby plant absorbs water and nutrients through its roots. The stem helps to move these from the roots to other parts of the plant.

(x) A baby plant absorbs nutrients and minerals from the soil with the help of its root.
Ans: True
Explanation: Roots take up water and dissolved minerals from the soil and supply them to the young plant so it can grow.

Q7: Short Answer Questions.
(i) What are the main parts of a plant? List them.

Ans: The main parts of a plant are roots, stem, leaves and flowers.

(ii) What are the functions of leaves in a plant?

Ans:

• Photosynthesis: Leaves make food for the plant by using sunlight, carbon dioxide and water.
• Transpiration: Leaves lose water vapour, which helps pull water up from the roots and keeps the plant cool.
• Respiration: Leaves exchange gases (take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide) for the plant's energy needs.

(iii) What are the two types of roots? Give an example of each.

Ans:

• Taproots: One main root grows downward with smaller side roots. Example: Carrot.
• Fibrous roots: Many roots of similar size spread out like a mat
• and do not have a main root and do not have a main root
• . Example: Grass.

(iv) What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Ans: Chlorophyll is a green pigment present in the leaves of plants. It helps in the process of photosynthesis by capturing sunlight and converting it into chemical energy. This energy is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

(v) What are the three main factors that affect the process of photosynthesis?

Ans:

• Light intensity: More light increases the rate of photosynthesis up to a point.
• Carbon dioxide concentration: More carbon dioxide increases the rate of photosynthesis up to a limit.
• Temperature: A suitable temperature helps the process; too low or too high temperatures slow it down.