Worksheet Solutions: Food, Nutrition, Health & Diseases - 1

Q1: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).

(ii) Which of these food items is a source of protein?
(a) Potato
(b) Bread
(c) Pulses
(d) Sugar
Ans: (c)
Explanation: Pulses are a good source of protein. Protein is essential for growth and for repairing body tissues, so pulses are especially important in a growing child's diet.

(iii) Which of these vitamins is essential for good vision?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin C
(d) Vitamin D
Ans: (a)
Explanation: Vitamin A is essential for good vision because it helps the eyes adjust to light and keeps the surface of the eye healthy. A lack of Vitamin A can cause night blindness.

(iv) Which mineral is important for healthy bones and teeth?
(a) Calcium
(b) Iron
(c) Sodium
(d) Potassium
Ans: (a)
Explanation: Calcium is important for strong bones and teeth. It gives strength and rigidity to the skeleton and helps bones grow properly during childhood.

(v) Which of these diseases is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C?
(a) Scurvy
(b) Rickets
(c) Beriberi
(d) Night blindness
Ans: (a)
Explanation: Scurvy is caused by a lack of Vitamin C. Without enough Vitamin C, blood vessels become weak and wounds heal slowly; this leads to symptoms of scurvy.

Q2: Fill in the Blanks.

(i) The process of taking in and using food by our body is called ________.

Ans: nutrition

(ii) The disease caused by deficiency of Vitamin A is ________.
Ans: night blindness

(iii) The energy-giving nutrients are ________ and ________.
Ans: carbohydrates and fats

(iv) The deficiency of Vitamin D in children causes ________.
Ans: rickets

(v) The nutrient which helps in building and repairing body tissues is ________.
Ans: protein

Q3: Match the Column.

Ans: 

Q4: True or False.

(ii) Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins and minerals.
Ans: True
Explanation: Fruits and vegetables contain many vitamins (such as A and C) and minerals (such as potassium and iron). They also provide fibre, which helps digestion and keeps us healthy.

(iii) Goitre is caused by deficiency of Vitamin C.
Ans: False
Explanation: Goitre is caused by a deficiency of iodine, not Vitamin C. Iodine is needed to make thyroid hormones; lack of iodine causes the thyroid gland to swell, forming a goitre.

(iv) Polio is Non- communicable disease.
Ans: False
Explanation: Polio is a communicable disease. It is caused by the poliovirus, which can spread from person to person, often through contaminated water or hands.

(v) Drinking contaminated water can cause diseases like cholera and diarrhoea.
Ans: True
Explanation: Contaminated water may contain harmful bacteria, viruses or parasites. Drinking such water can cause infections like cholera and diarrhoea, so it is important to drink clean, safe water.

Q5: Short Answer Questions.

(ii) Why is it important to have a balanced diet?
Ans: It is important to have a balanced diet because it supplies all the essential nutrients in the right proportions. This helps our body grow, stay strong, fight infections and work properly every day.

(iii) What are the two types of vitamins? Give one example of each type.
Ans: The two types of vitamins are fat-soluble and water-soluble. An example of a fat-soluble vitamin is Vitamin A and an example of a water-soluble vitamin is Vitamin C.

(iv) Name two diseases caused by a deficiency of vitamins.
Ans: Two diseases caused by vitamin deficiency are:
1. Night blindness - caused by lack of Vitamin A.
2. Scurvy - caused by lack of Vitamin C.

(v) Why is it important to drink clean water and maintain personal hygiene?
Ans: Drinking clean water and keeping good personal hygiene help prevent infections and waterborne diseases such as diarrhoea, cholera and typhoid. Clean habits keep the body healthy and reduce the spread of germs.