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"The use of animal models is valuable in understanding the impact of cocaine addiction on the human brain. In these studies, researchers insert a needle directly into specific areas of a mouse's brain that are involved in dopamine pathways. The needle is connected to a lever, which dispenses cocaine into the brain whenever the mouse activates it. Mice quickly learn that pressing the lever results in a pleasurable sensation. To investigate the influence of different environmental conditions on mice's addiction to cocaine, a scientist conducted a study. One group of cages provided minimal resources, containing only the lever and limited food and water. The other group of cages offered an enriched environment, including sweetened water, ample food, and an exercise wheel for the mice. Additionally, half of the mice in each condition were raised in isolation, while the other half were raised in a typical family setting. The scientist first trained the mice to press the lever to receive a cocaine injection and then measured the amount of cocaine the mice self-administered over a two-week period. Table 1 presents the average doses of self-administered cocaine (in milligrams) for each condition."

Practice Passage Test - 13 | Practice Passages for MCAT

Question for Practice Passage Test - 13
Try yourself:What is the purpose of using animal models in the study of cocaine addiction?
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Question for Practice Passage Test - 13
Try yourself:What is the purpose of placing an injection needle in a mouse's brain in the study?
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Question for Practice Passage Test - 13
Try yourself:What were the two different sets of environmental conditions provided to the mice?
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Question for Practice Passage Test - 13
Try yourself:What was the factor that varied between the mice in each cage condition?
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Question for Practice Passage Test - 13
Try yourself:What was the dependent variable measured in the study?
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