Directions: Read the following passage and answer questions that follow.
During a severe smallpox epidemic in England, Edward Jenner, a rural doctor, made a groundbreaking discovery that would change history. Jenner observed that the disease rarely affected individuals living in rural areas and working with cattle. Most farmers and dairy workers had previously contracted cowpox, which resulted in nothing more serious than a pustule and a scar upon recovery. This observation sparked Jenner's idea: why not use cowpox vaccination to protect people from smallpox? On May 14, 1876, Dr. Jenner took a healthy boy named James Phillips to a dairy maid named Sarah Nelmes, who had a cowpox pustule on her hand from an infection acquired from her master's cow. Jenner performed a shallow cut on James Phillips' arm and inoculated it with matter from the cowpox sore. A pustule developed on the boy's arm, formed a scab, and eventually healed. In July of the same year, Dr. Jenner inoculated James with matter from a smallpox pustule and closely monitored him for signs of smallpox over the next two weeks. Fortunately, no symptoms of smallpox developed, indicating the success of the vaccination. Dr. Jenner wrote a paper explaining his vaccination method, initially facing hostility from other doctors who dismissed the procedure as ridiculous. However, with time, doctors and their patients gradually accepted and embraced vaccination.
Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 2
Try yourself:The fact that Edward Jenner was a country doctor, was important in the discovery of smallpox vaccine, because
Explanation
The fact that Edward Jenner was a country doctor was important in the discovery of the smallpox vaccine because he noticed that the disease seldom struck people who worked around cattle.
The passage states that Jenner, as a country doctor, noticed that smallpox rarely affected individuals in rural areas who worked with cattle. This observation led him to consider using cowpox to protect against smallpox. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
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Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 2
Try yourself:Dr. Jenner was successful as cowpox virus produces
Explanation
Dr. Jenner was successful as the cowpox virus produces a mild infection in humans which is enough to produce active immunity.
The passage mentions that individuals who contracted cowpox, a milder infection compared to smallpox, recovered with only a pustule and a scar. This indicates that cowpox produced a mild infection in humans, which was sufficient to trigger active immunity. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
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Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 2
Try yourself:Dr. Jenner made his experiment on a healthy boy who
Explanation
Dr. Jenner made his experiment on a healthy boy who developed the signs of a pustule on his body when he was injected with the matter of cowpox.
The passage describes that Dr. Jenner made two shallow cuts on James Phillips' arm and inoculated them with matter from the cowpox sore. A pustule developed on the boy's arm, indicating that he exhibited the signs of a pustule after being injected with cowpox matter. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
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Question for Practice Test: Reading Comprehension - 2
Try yourself:Passage here is having all an
Explanation
The passage is written in a narrative style.
The passage presents a story-like account of Edward Jenner's discovery of the smallpox vaccine, providing details of his observations, experiments, and the reactions of doctors and townspeople. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.
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