JAMB Biology Previous Year Questions: 2022 | Biology for JAMB PDF Download

Q1: sources of air pollutants are?
(a) industrial chimneys, burning fossil oils and river dams
(b) sulphurdioxide, acid rain and pesticides
(c) sulphur dioxide, vehicle exhausts, and aerosols
(d) sewage,smoke and old vehicles
Ans: (c)
Common sources of air pollution include household combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities, and forest fires. These sources release pollutants that are major public health concerns, including particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide.

Q2: The body of a snail is divided into head?
(a) thorax and abdomen
(b) visceral mass and abdomen
(c) thorax and foot
(d) visceral mass and foot
Ans: (d)
The main parts of a snail's body include the head, the visceral hump, and the foot.

Q3: An adaptation for defense in animals is?
(a) croaking of a male toad
(b) basking in lizard
(c) spines in porcupine fish
(d) huddling together of penguins
Ans: (c)
The body of the porcupine fish is covered in spines. The fish swells as a result of sucking in water, which makes the spines protrude. As a result, it changes from a little mouthful to an uneatable ball of sharp spines. A deadly poison is also present in its flesh as an additional defence.

Q4: The movement of Euglena towards the source of light is a?
(a) tropic movement
(b) tactic movement
(c) nastic movement
(d) kinetic movement
Ans: (b)
Motile micro-organisms or cells can change the direction of their locomotion in response to certain external stimuli. This change in direction of movement is called taxis and is a tactic movement.

Q5: During mitosis, the stage at which chromosomes lines up around the equator is?
(a) telophase
(b) metasphase
(c) anaphase
(d) prophase
Ans: (b)
Depending on how the chromosomes and spindle are physically, mitosis is thought to have five stages. Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase are these stages.
During mitosis, the genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell is separated into two identical daughter cells. Metaphase, which is the third phase of this process, plays a critical role in this separation.

Q6: The waste product of insects is?
(a) uric acid
(b) urine
(c) Mucilage
(d) sweat
Ans: (a)
The primary nitrogenous waste product produced by the majority of terrestrial insects is uric acid. Uric acid is a highly insoluble and relatively non-toxic waste product.
As a result, it can crystallise out of solution and be either eliminated as a solid waste substance with low water loss or maintained in the body.

Q7: Succession that occurs on an abandoned farm land is?
(a) tertiary
(b) secondary
(c) primary
(d) climax
Ans: (c)
Ecological succession that starts in areas devoid of life, such as places with no soil or incapable of supporting life (such as regions with recent lava flows, newly formed sand dunes, or rocks left behind by retreating glaciers), is known as primary succession.

Q8: In Nigeria, Southern Guinea Savanna is found in?
(a) Borno and Sokoto
(b) Kogi and Kwara
(c) Kaduna and Cross River
(d) Kano and Niger
Ans: (b)
Parts of Oyo, Ondo, Osun, Kogi, and Kwara states in Nigeria contain the Southern Guinea Savanna.

Q9: Which of the following is associated with the dark stage of photosynthesis?
(a) Assimilation of Carbon(IV)oxide
(b) Photophosphorylation
(c) Photolysis
(d) Excitation of chlorophyll
Ans: (a)
The second stage of photosynthesis, also known as the biosynthetic or assimilatory stage, is called the Dark stage. During this stage, a complex set of reactions takes place that does not require solar light, converting carbon dioxide and other compounds into sugars.
The process of assimilation of carbon by some enzymes is dependent on solar light.

Q10: The part of mammalian skin that excretes metabolic wastes is?
(a) sweat gland
(b) horny layer
(c) Malpighian layer
(d) sebaceous gland
Ans: (a)
The body regulates temperature and removes waste by secreting water, sodium salts, and nitrogenous waste (such as urea) onto the skin surface using sweat glands.

Q11: The feeding relationship that exists between a tick and a cow is?
(a) parasitism
(b) mechanism
(c) saprophytism
(d) commensalism
Ans: (a)
Despite having hairy hides, ticks prefer to attack on cattle herds, and cows are not immune to them. Ticks spend their entire lives on animals of different types, including cows, feeding off the blood of their hosts. Even cows can contract highly dangerous infections from tick bites.
The most important parasite of livestock worldwide is the cattle tick.

Q12: The type of fruit that is formed from a single flower having several free carpels is?
(a) indehiscent fruit
(b) aggregate fruit
(c) simple fruit
(d) fleshy fruit
Ans: (b)
A fruit that forms from the union of various separated ovaries from one flower is referred to as an aggregation fruit.

Q13: The part that performs urinogenital function in the male reproductive system is the?
(a) seminal vesacle
(b) epididymis
(c) urethra
(d) ureter
Ans: (c)
The urethra extends from the bladder to the external opening at the end of the penis and carries both urine and sperm through a tube.

Q14: The components of blood in man are?
(a) red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma and water
(b) red blood cells, white blood cells, and plasma
(c) red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
(d) red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma and platelets
Ans: (d)
Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets make up the four main components of a man.
Transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and other tissues is just one of the many functions blood does.

Q15: The development of big muscles by a wrestler is an example of?
(a) acquired characteristics
(b) inherited characteristics
(c) mutation
(d) atrophication
Ans: (a)
Things like calluses on fingers, larger muscle size from exercise, or the ability to avoid predators are examples of acquired traits.

Q16: Lack of nucleus is a feature in?
(a) osteocyte
(b) neurone
(c) erythrocyte
(d) leucocyte
Ans: (c)
Microscopic flat disk or doughnut-shaped red blood cells with a round indentation at the center, are not hollow.
Unlike white blood cells, red blood cells don't have a nucleus, which makes it easier for them to switch shape and travel throughout your body.

Q17: A universal recipient of blood belongs to blood group?
(a) O
(b) AB
(c) B
(d) A
Ans: (b)
People with type O- (O negative) red blood cells, known as universal donors, can donate their red blood cells to individuals of any other blood type.
Type AB-positive blood is referred to as the "universal recipient" blood type, as people with this blood type can receive blood from donors of any type.

Q18: The internal structure of a leaf that has larger air space is
(a) palisade mesophyll
(b) epidermis
(c) spongy mesophyll
(d) vascular bundles
Ans: (c)
The spongy mesophyll's function is to allow for the interchange of gases (CO₂) that are needed for photosynthesis.

Q19:  An example of arboreal animal is?
(a) squirrels
(b) duck
(c) pig
(d) rat
Ans: (a)
1. Koalas
2. Black spider monkeys
3. Siamang Gibbons
4. Three-toed Sloths
5. Squirrels
6. Rough green snakes
7. Veiled Chameleons
8. Common brown lemurs
These are examples of arboreal animals, spending most of their lives on trees where they feed, travel, play, and sleep.

Q20: The movement of sugars from the leaf to other parts of plant is?
(a) guttation
(b) transpiration
(c) transportation
(d) translocation
Ans: (d)
Materials in plants move from the leaves to other parts of the plant through a process known as translocation.
During photosynthesis, the leaves produce these nutrients, which are then carried through a long series of connected cells called phloem, to various other parts of the plant.

Q21: Gaseous exchange in annelids is more advanced and efficient compared to flatworms because?
(a) the cells of their epidermis have no blood capillaries
(b) they have well developed respiratory structures
(c) their cylindrical shape gives high surface area to volume ratio
(d) their surface area to volume ratio is very low
Ans: (c)
Cnidarians and flatworms, which are simple organisms, have every cell in their body located near the external environment
Their cells are kept moist, and direct diffusion allows gases to spread out quickly. Flatworms are tiny, flat worms that "breathe" literally by diffusing fluid across their outer membrane.
Annelids possess a closed circulatory system where blood remains entirely contained in vessels.
Although many species of annelids have simple gills, they do not have lungs.

Q22: The structure that joins the two strands of a chromosome together is the?
(a) spindle
(b) cellulose
(c) centromere
(d) chromatid
Ans: (c)
Chromosomal regions known as centromeres play a crucial role in mediating the assembly of kinetochores and attachment to the spindle during cell division.

Q23: When a colour blind woman marries a normal man, what is the probability of their son being colour blind?
(a) 25%
(b) 100%
(c) 50%
(d) 0%
Ans: (b)
If both X chromosomes of a woman have the nonworking gene, she will be colorblind.
As sons inherit their only X chromosome from their mother, the chances are high that they will also be colorblind.

Q24: The correct pathway for blood flow from the heart to the tissues of mammals is?
(a) heart-arteriole-artery-tissues
(b) heart-artery-arteriole-tissues
(c) heart-vein-venule-tissues
(d) heart-venule-vein-tissues
Ans: (b)
Blood is carried away from the heart through arteries, which branch into smaller vessels called arterioles.
Arterioles then distribute blood to capillary beds, where exchange of substances occurs with the body tissues. The capillaries lead back to venules, which are small vessels that flow into larger veins and eventually transport the blood back to the heart. Veins, in turn, are responsible for carrying the blood back to the heart.

Q25: Tall trees with buttress roots and evergreen leaves are characteristics features of?
(a) Temperate grass land
(b) Southern Guinea Savanna
(c) Tropical rain forests
(d) Northern Guinea savanna
Ans: (c)
The trees of temperate woods and those of rainforests are very different. Trees in the rainforest can reach enormous sizes and are stabilised in the shallow forest soils by strong, strut-like buttresses at the base of the trunk. Huge creepers wrap themselves in a web around tree trunks.

Q26: The genes crossing over occurs during?
(a) fertilization
(b) mutation
(c) mitosis
(d) meiosis
Ans: (d)
Meiosis generates new combinations of genetic material in each of its four daughter cells by exchanging DNA between paired chromosomes. The exchange of DNA creates a wide range of genetic variation, resulting in the production of gametes that exhibit incredible diversity. 

Q27: In genetic counseling, a man with hemoglobin formation HbA HbS is most preferred to marry a woman of?
(a) HbA HbA
(b) HbC HbH
(c) HbM HbF
(d) HbS HbS
Ans: (a)
If both partners have the AS genotype, they should not marry as their children may inherit the sickle cell anemia gene and have the SS genotype, or they may inherit the AS or AA genotype.
When an individual with the AA genotype marries someone with the AS genotype, their offspring can have either AA or AS genotypes, which is considered favorable.

Q28: An ecological instrument used to measure wind direction is?
(a) Secchi disc
(b) wind vane
(c) anemometer
(d) slope gauge
Ans: (b)
A wind vane is usually used to measure the wind's direction.

Q29: The growth of mucor on a piece of bread is?
(a) scavenging
(b) commensalism
(c) autotrophism
(d) saprophytism
Ans: (d)
Most fungi are saprophytic, including bread mould.
Saprophytic organisms are those that eat decayed or dead things.

Q30: Conversion of atmosphere carbon into chemical bond energy occurs during the process of?
(a) transpiration
(b) photosynthesis
(c) digestion
(d) respiration
Ans: (b)
Plants absorb atmospheric CO₂ as photosynthetic organisms, chemically lowering the carbon.
In addition to providing the carbon skeletons for the organic molecules that make up a plant's structure, this signifies the acquisition of chemical energy that can be stored by the plant.

Q31: The display of male agama lizard is to?
(a) scare predators
(b) regulate body temperature
(c) attract female for mate
(d) give invite to intruders
Ans: (c)
Lizards use displays such as tail wagging, bright colors, mouth gaping or displaying, inflation, body posture, head bobs, and 'push-ups' to send signals and attract potential mates. Some species of lizards can even change their color to attract a mate.

Q32: The end product of the digestion of carbohydrate is?
(a) amino acid
(b) glycerol
(c) glucose
(d) sucrose
Ans: (c)
While the end products of protein digestion are amino acids, the end products of carbohydrate digestion are primarily glucose, along with some fructose, glucose, and galactose.

Q33: The sum total of all observable features of an organism is?
(a) phenotype
(b) heterozygous
(c) genotype
(d) homozygous
Ans: (a)
Observable traits, including height, eye color, and blood type, make up an individual's phenotype.
Both an individual's genomic makeup (genotype) and environmental factors contribute to determining their phenotype.

Q34: Pentadactyl plan of the fore limbs of frog, bird, horse, whale and man is a proof of?
(a) spontaneous generation
(b) evolution
(c) locomotion
(d) creation
Ans: (b)
Crocodiles, birds, whales, horses, bats, and humans have limbs that differ greatly in appearance, yet they all possess the same fundamental five-fingered bone structure.
This shared characteristic among such diverse species provides supporting evidence for the theory of evolution.

Q.35: The under secretion of thyroxine in children results in?
(a) goitre
(b) gigantism
(c) kwashiorkor
(d) cretinism
Ans: (d)
Congenital hypothyroidism, formerly referred to as cretinism, is a severe thyroid hormone shortage in infants.
It results in reduced growth, decreased neurological function, and physical abnormalities.

Q36: Petaloid sepals serve the function of?
(a) carrying out photosynthesis
(b) attracting pollinating agents to a flower
(c) retaining pollen grains in the corolla tubes
(d) protecting the inner floral parts of the flower
Ans: (d)
Typically, they protect the flower in bud and provide support for the petals when they are in bloom.

Q37: The system of classification in which there are seven hierarchies from kingdom to species was introduced by?
(a) Felix Dujardin
(b) Carolus Linneus
(c) Theodore Schwann
(d) Charles Darwin
Ans: (b)
Taxonomy, or the system of categorising and naming living things, was founded by Carolus Linnaeus.
The creation of a hierarchical framework for classifying nature was one of his accomplishments.
This system consists of eight levels of classification (taxa), which include domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

Q38: An adaptive feature of camel to the desert is?
(a) ability to increase sweat production
(b) ability to pass high amount of urine
(c) ability to tolerate low degree of dehydration
(d) ability to tolerate high degree of dehydration
Ans: (d)
Camels have a hump, which aids them in enduring extended periods without water and surviving in the challenging conditions of the desert.
The hump serves as an energy or fat reserve, enabling camels to sustain themselves during prolonged journeys without access to food or water.

Q39: The part labelled II is?
(a) pellicle
(b) cytoplasmic connections
(c) flagella
(d) cells
Ans: (b)
All embryos of the volvocacean family are connected by comparable cytoplasmic bridges that link their cells together.
These bridges consist of strands of cytoplasm that join neighboring cells, enabling them to communicate and function as a unified organism.

Q40: The organism above is?
(a) chlamydomonas
(b) algae
(c) volvox
(d) euglena
Ans: (c)
The genus Volvox, belonging to the family Volvocaceae, comprises polyphyletic chlorophyte green algae that grow in spherical colonies of up to 50,000 cells.
The plant body of Volvox is known as a coenobium and comprises numerous biflagellate, pear-shaped cells.

Q41: The beak structure of the organism is best adapted for?
(a) pecking grass
(b) killing and picking fish
(c) pecking woods
(d) sucking nectars
Ans: (d)
Nectar-sucking birds have long, slender, pointed beaks.
This aids in sipping nectar and provides nourishment and insects to the young.
This type of beak is found in birds like hummingbirds.

Q42: One of the functions of water in seed germination is to?
(a) dilute the embryo
(b) make the soil wet and soft
(c) activate the enzymes
(d) promote aerobic respiration
Ans: (c)
Enzymes, which are specialised proteins, are activated by the water to start the seed's growth process.