Worksheet Solutions: Egyptian Civilization | General Knowledge Encyclopedia - Class 8 PDF Download

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1: Which river is closely associated with the Egyptian Civilization?
(a) Nile
(b) Amazon
(c) Ganges
(d) Yangtze

Ans: (a)
Explanation: The Nile River is closely associated with the Egyptian Civilization, as it provided fertile land for agriculture and was essential for the survival of the ancient Egyptian civilization.

Q2: What is the name of the ancient Egyptian writing system?
(a) Cuneiform
(b) Hieroglyphics
(c) Sanskrit
(d) Latin

Ans: (b)
Explanation: The ancient Egyptian writing system was called hieroglyphics, which used pictorial symbols to represent sounds, words, and concepts.

Q3: Who was the ruler of Egypt in ancient times?
(a) Pharaoh
(b) Sultan
(c) Emperor
(d) King

Ans: (a)
Explanation: The ruler of Egypt in ancient times was called the Pharaoh. They held significant religious and political power.

Q4: Which famous structure in Egypt is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World?
(a) Colosseum
(b) Taj Mahal
(c) Great Wall of China
(d) Pyramid of Giza

Ans: (d)
Explanation: The Pyramid of Giza is an iconic structure in Egypt and is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It served as a tomb for the Pharaoh Khufu.

Q5: Which of the following was an important Egyptian deity associated with the sun?
(a) Anubis
(b) Osiris
(c) Ra
(d) Isis

Ans: (c)
Explanation: Ra was the ancient Egyptian sun god, considered one of the most important deities in their religious beliefs.

Section B: Short Questions

Q1: Describe the significance of the Nile River in ancient Egyptian civilization.

Ans: The Nile River played a crucial role in ancient Egyptian civilization. The annual flooding of the river deposited nutrient-rich silt on the riverbanks, creating fertile land for agriculture. This flood cycle was predictable and allowed the Egyptians to plan their farming activities. The river also facilitated transportation and trade, contributing to the prosperity of the civilization.

Q2: Explain the process of mummification practiced by ancient Egyptians.

Ans: Mummification was the process of preserving the body for the afterlife. The ancient Egyptians believed in life after death, and preserving the body was essential for the soul to recognize it in the afterlife. The process involved cleaning and dehydrating the body, removing organs, and wrapping it in linen bandages. The organs were stored in containers called canopic jars. The mummy was then placed in a tomb along with essential belongings and offerings.

Q3: What were hieroglyphics, and why were they essential for communication in ancient Egypt?

Ans: Hieroglyphics were a system of writing used by ancient Egyptians. They were a combination of pictorial symbols and phonetic signs. This complex writing system allowed scribes to record religious texts, historical events, and everyday life. Only scribes and the educated elite could read and write hieroglyphics, making it an exclusive skill.

Q4: Discuss the role of Pharaohs in ancient Egypt and their connection to religion.

Ans: Pharaohs were the rulers of ancient Egypt and held divine status. They were believed to be the intermediaries between the gods and the people. Pharaohs had absolute power over their kingdom and were responsible for maintaining order and prosperity. They were also closely associated with religious rituals and were believed to be immortal after death.

Q5: Name three famous pyramids in Egypt and their purposes.

Ans: Three famous pyramids in Egypt are:

• The Great Pyramid of Giza: Built as a tomb for Pharaoh Khufu, it is the largest and oldest pyramid.
• The Pyramid of Khafre: Built for Pharaoh Khafre, it is slightly smaller than the Great Pyramid but appears taller due to its location on higher ground.
• The Pyramid of Menkaure: The smallest of the three, built for Pharaoh Menkaure, it is located next to the other two pyramids.

Section C: Fill in the Blanks

Q1: The Egyptian civilization emerged along the banks of the __________ River.

Ans: Nile
Explanation: The Egyptian civilization flourished along the fertile banks of the Nile River, which provided rich soil and water for agriculture.

Q2: The ancient Egyptians built monumental structures called __________ as tombs for their pharaohs.

Ans: Pyramids
Explanation: Pyramids were massive structures used as tombs for pharaohs and important figures in ancient Egypt.

Q3: The writing system of ancient Egypt was known as __________.

Ans: Hieroglyphics
Explanation: Hieroglyphics was the writing system of ancient Egypt, consisting of pictorial symbols representing words and sounds.

Q4: The last ruler of ancient Egypt was __________, who was defeated by the Romans.

Ans: Cleopatra
Explanation: Cleopatra VII was the last pharaoh of ancient Egypt, and she was defeated by the Romans led by Julius Caesar.

Q5: The annual flooding of the Nile River brought fertile __________ to the surrounding land.

Ans: Silt
Explanation: The annual flooding of the Nile River deposited rich silt on the surrounding land, making it ideal for agriculture.

Section D: True or False

Q1: The Nile River flows southward.

Ans: False
Explanation: The Nile River flows from south to north, from its source in East Africa to the Mediterranean Sea.

Q2: The Great Sphinx of Giza has the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh.

Ans: True
Explanation: The Great Sphinx of Giza has the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh, believed to represent the pharaoh Khafre.

Q3: The ancient Egyptians practiced monotheism, worshipping only one god.

Ans: False
Explanation: The ancient Egyptians were polytheistic, believing in multiple gods and goddesses.

Q4: The Rosetta Stone was instrumental in deciphering hieroglyphics.

Ans: True
Explanation: The Rosetta Stone, with inscriptions in multiple languages, played a crucial role in deciphering hieroglyphics.

Q5: The ancient Egyptians believed in the concept of an afterlife. 

Ans: True
Explanation: The ancient Egyptians believed in an afterlife, and their burial practices reflected this belief.

Section E: Match the Column

Ans: