Worksheet Solutions: Nationalist Movements | General Knowledge Encyclopedia - Class 8 PDF Download

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Q1: What does the term "Nationalist Movement" refer to?
(a) A movement to establish colonies in other countries
(b) A movement to promote international cooperation
(c) A movement to gain independence from foreign rule
(d) A movement to support monarchy in a country

Ans: (c)
Explanation: The term "Nationalist Movement" refers to a movement aimed at achieving independence and self-rule for a nation from foreign domination or colonial powers.

Q2: Who was the leader of the Indian National Congress during the freedom struggle?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Subhash Chandra Bose
(c) Mahatma Gandhi
(d) Rani Lakshmi Bai

Ans: (c)
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi was a prominent leader of the Indian National Congress and played a crucial role in India's freedom struggle.

Q3: When did India gain independence from British rule?
(a) 1947
(b) 1857
(c) 1919
(d) 1942

Ans: (a)
Explanation: India gained independence from British rule on August 15, 1947.

Q4: Which movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi against British salt taxes?
(a) Non-Cooperation Movement
(b) Quit India Movement
(c) Salt Satyagraha
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement

Ans: (c)
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi led the Salt Satyagraha, also known as the Dandi March, as a nonviolent protest against the British monopoly on salt production and the imposed salt taxes.

Q5: The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in which Indian city?
(a) Lahore
(b) Delhi
(c) Amritsar
(d) Mumbai

Ans: (c)
Explanation: The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in Amritsar, Punjab, on April 13, 1919, when British troops opened fire on a crowd of unarmed Indian civilians.

Section B: Short Questions

Q1: Name three prominent leaders of the Indian freedom struggle.

Ans: Students can mention any three prominent leaders of the Indian freedom struggle, such as Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose, Mahatma Gandhi, Bhagat Singh, Rani Lakshmi Bai, etc.

Q2: What was the role of the Non-Cooperation Movement in the fight for independence?

Ans: The Non-Cooperation Movement, launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920, was a significant civil disobedience campaign. It aimed to resist British rule by non-cooperating with British institutions, including educational institutions, courts, and government services. People were encouraged to boycott British goods and adopt swadeshi (indigenous) products. Although the movement faced challenges and was suspended after the Chauri Chaura incident, it served as a stepping stone for future nationalist movements.

Q3: Explain the significance of the Dandi Salt March led by Mahatma Gandhi.

Ans: The Dandi Salt March was a pivotal event during the Indian independence movement. On March 12, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi, along with a group of followers, embarked on a 240-mile journey from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi to protest against the British salt tax. The march lasted for 24 days, and it gained widespread attention, attracting thousands of supporters along the way. By picking up natural salt from the Arabian Sea coast, Gandhi demonstrated the defiance of British salt laws and the demand for self-production. The march not only united people against the salt tax but also ignited a wave of civil disobedience across the country.

Q4: Why did the partition of India occur in 1947?

Ans: The partition of India occurred in 1947 when the British decided to grant independence to India. The country was divided into two separate nations: India, with a Hindu majority, and Pakistan, with a Muslim majority. The partition led to widespread communal violence and mass migrations as people moved to the country that aligned with their religious identity. It also resulted in significant loss of life and property. The partition remains a significant event in the history of the subcontinent.

Q5: Mention two methods used by Indian nationalists to protest against British policies.

Ans: Two methods used by Indian nationalists to protest against British policies were:

• Boycott of British Goods: Indian leaders encouraged people to boycott British products and promote the use of Indian-made goods as a way to protest against British economic policies and show solidarity in the freedom movement.
• Civil Disobedience: Civil disobedience involved peaceful non-cooperation with British laws and authorities. Indians would deliberately break certain laws or participate in acts of nonviolent protest to challenge British rule and demand rights and freedoms.

Section C: Fill in the Blanks

Q1: The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded in _________. (year)

Ans: 1885
Explanation: The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded in 1885. It was one of the earliest organized efforts for India's independence from British rule.

Q2: Mahatma Gandhi's famous march against the salt tax was known as the ____________. (movement name)

Ans: Salt March or Dandi March
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi's famous march against the salt tax was known as the Salt March or Dandi March. It was a nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly.

Q3: The non-cooperation movement was launched by Gandhi in response to the ____________ Massacre. (incident name)

Ans: Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Explanation: The non-cooperation movement was launched by Gandhi in response to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. The massacre led to widespread outrage and a call for nonviolent civil disobedience.

Q4: The slogan "Inquilab Zindabad" was popularized by ____________. (freedom fighter name)

Ans: Bhagat Singh
Explanation: The slogan "Inquilab Zindabad" was popularized by Bhagat Singh. It became a powerful slogan during the Indian independence movement.

Q5: The Simon Commission was appointed in ___________ to propose constitutional reforms in India. (year)

Ans: 1927
Explanation: The Simon Commission was appointed in 1927 to propose constitutional reforms in India. However, it faced strong opposition as it did not include any Indian members.

Section D: True or False

Q1: The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885. 

Ans: True
Explanation: The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by A.O. Hume, with the aim of voicing Indian grievances and seeking political reforms.

Q2: The Quit India Movement was launched during World War II.

Ans: True
Explanation: The Quit India Movement was launched on August 8, 1942, during World War II, to demand immediate independence from British rule.

Q3: The Swadeshi Movement encouraged Indians to buy British goods.

Ans: False
Explanation: The Swadeshi Movement urged Indians to boycott British goods and promote Indian products as a means to protest against British policies.

Q4: Bhagat Singh was a prominent leader of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Ans: False
Explanation: Bhagat Singh was a prominent revolutionary freedom fighter who played a significant role in the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), but he was not a leader of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Q5: The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched to protest against the Rowlatt Act. 

Ans: False
Explanation: The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched to protest against the Salt Act and the Rowlatt Act, which authorized the British government to arrest and imprison Indians without trial.

Section E: Match the Column

Ans: